scholarly journals Retrospective study of proliferative urethritis in dogs: Clinical presentation and outcome using various treatment modalities in 11 dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Emanuel ◽  
Allyson C. Berent ◽  
Chick Weisse ◽  
Taryn Donovan ◽  
Kenneth E. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Modalities

scholarly journals Spectrum of Clinical Presentation and Surgical Outcome in Patients with Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malaya Patel ◽  
Acharya Suryakant Pattajoshi ◽  
Harish Chandra Dhamudia ◽  
A Unnikrishnan ◽  
J Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Subdural Haematoma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Young Subject ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Subdural Haemorrhage ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Early Recovery

Introduction: Chronic subdural haematomas are one among common neurosurgical emergencies especially affecting elderly male. Usually, presents with subacute Cerebro Vascular Accident (CVA), impaired higher mental function and sometimes with reversible dementia. Rarely, it presents with end stage herniation. Burr Hole Drainage (BHD) is the most popular and worldwide procedure of choice and it successfully address the problem in majority of cases. However, in a small group of patients it needs a wider craniotomy to deal with the subdural membrane which is mainly associated with recurrence of the entity. Aim: To evaluate the comparative incidence of various clinical presentation and analysing the outcome of different treatment modalities in different subgroups of patients with chronic subdural haemorrhage with respect to complication and survivality. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled data of 100 consecutive patients of subacute (n=30) and chronic subdural haematoma (n=70) who were admitted and undergone neurosurgical management of Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Science and Research (VIMSAR), Burla, Odisha between September 2018 to September 2020. Variables were collected from patient’s records at discharge and analysed with respect to spectrum of clinical presentation and surgical outcome of different treatment modalities and problems associated with it. Results: The mean age group was 57.39 years and headache was the most common clinical presentation in the present study (86%) followed by hemiparasis (74%). BHD was carried out in 94 patients (94%). Primary craniotomy and membrane excision was carried out in 5 patients. Secondary craniotomy was performed in 1 patient after early re-accumulation and clinical deterioration. The outcome was assessed utilising Glasgow outcome scale with total five deaths in the series. Conclusion: Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage (CSDH) a problem of late adulthood (5th to 6th decade) which mostly follows two to three weeks after trauma. It needs proper preoperative assessment and requires timely intervention with skilled nursing care for early recovery. Post-traumatic subacute subdural haematoma in young subject and alcoholics needs special attention during course of their treatment. Bilateral puppilary failure, low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and seizure association are risk factors for poor outcome.

scholarly journals Colonoscopic Review and Surgical Approach in the Management of Colorectal Carcinoma–A Retrospective Study of 50 cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Md Ershad Ul Quadir ◽  
Munshi Md Mojibur Rahman ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Rectal Carcinoma ◽  
Palliative Therapy ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Female Ratio

Introduction: There is no exact statistics about the incidence of colorectal cancer in Bangladesh. According to National Cancer Institute, London, it is the 2nd most common cancer affecting more than 30,000 people in each year. As many patients with colon cancer do not develop symptoms until it is advanced and detection in early stage can only be achieved by screening of asymptomatic person. Maximum patients present lately with distance metastases when there is nothing to treat except palliative therapy. Objectives: To identify the risk factors, early symptoms, signs, treatment modalities, operative outcome, morbidity and mortality rate. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at CMH Dhaka during August 2002 to August 2004. A total of 50 patients were taken as study sample. All the patients were admitted in different surgical units of CMH Dhaka for surgical treatment. Detailed history were taken on admission by a questionnaire and examined thoroughly and findings regarding Anaemia, Jaundice, Dehydration, Oedema, Lymphadenopathy, Nutritional status and abnormal signs like ascites, distension, rigidity, organomegaly recorded. Digital rectal examination were done in all cases and finally examined by Proctoscope, Sigmoidoscope and with Colonoscope. FOBT (Fecal Occult Blood Test), serum tumour marker was also assessed. Results: Out of 50 cases 22 were rectal carcinoma and next common site was caecum and number was 10. There was a variation in the sex ratio. Out of 50 cases 33 were male and 17 were female. The highest incidence was among people of 6th decade (28%) and next highest was in 4th decade (24%). Majority of patient with right colon cancer presented with abdominal pain 12 out of 22 cases (56%) and weight loss 15 cases (68%). For left colon cancer commonest symptom was weight loss and weakness and altered bowel habit. Almost all cases with rectal carcinoma presented with bleeding per rectum. Conclusion: About 50% of lesions were found in recto-sigmoid junction and male: female ratio was 1.9:1. All efforts and modern technology should be applied for early detection and treatment. The survival rate is usually very poor in rectal carcinoma. In this study most of the cases were subjected to post operative Chemo and Radiotherapy, but more were treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation for down staging. The need for early detection of Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) should be stressed in the form of screening patient awareness and understanding about symptomatology. Early diagnosis and definitive treatment are thereby increasing expectation of higher survival and better prognosis in patient of colorectal carcinoma. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(2) 2015: 36-40

Parathyroid Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C Beck ◽  
Sonia L Sugg
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Germline Mutation ◽  
Parathyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Parathyroid Cancer

The clinical presentation and genetic mutations associated with parathyroid cancer are reviewed. Surgery, other treatment modalities, and outcomes are discussed. This review contains 1 table and 19 references. Key Words: CDC73-related parathyroid carcinoma, denosumab, HRPT2 germline mutation, hyperparthyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, parathyroid carcinoma

Current Treatment Recommendations for Leishmaniasis

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1452-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Moss ◽  
James P. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Governmental Institutions

OBJECTIVE: To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, risk factors for transmission, and pathogenesis of leishmaniasis, as well as current treatment options for this disease. DATA SOURCES/DATA SELECTION: We reviewed unclassified medical-threat briefing material, subject-matter reviews, and case reports from the world's infectious disease literature. We concentrated on literature pertaining to the pathogenesis and management of leishmaniasis indigenous to Southwest Asia. DATA EXTRACTION: Data from subject reviews published in the English language were evaluated. Case reports and clinical trials provided supplemental data on evolving theories and management options. DATA SYNTHESIS: The clinical presentation of leishmaniasis is highly variable. Management relies heavily upon the use of parenteral antimonial drugs. Although these agents are effective in most cases, toxicity and the emergence of resistance limit the usefulness of standard therapies. Alternative treatment modalities include heat, surgical curettage, ketoconazole, metronidazole, pentamidine, rifampin, amphotericin B, aminoglycosides, allopurinol, and immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of reported cases of leishmaniasis in the US has generally been low, there is a possibility that more cases may be reported in the future because of the large number of military personnel returning to this country from endemic areas. Medical personnel, particularly those working in governmental institutions, should be familiar with the pathogenesis of this unusual infection as well as potential treatment options.

Posterior Fossa Craniotomy for Adherent Fourth Ventricle Neurocysticercosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. E154-E158
Author(s):  
Lynze R Franko ◽  
Balaji Pandian ◽  
Avneesh Gupta ◽  
Luis E Savastano ◽  
Kevin S Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is an infectious helminthic disease often presenting in patients who have immigration or travel history from areas where NCC is endemic. Fourth ventricle cysts from NCC pose a unique treatment challenge, as there is little consensus on the best treatment. This case study describes the treatment of a patient with fourth ventricle neurocysticercosis (FVNCC), examines the therapeutic decision-making, and provides a video of a posterior fossa craniotomy (PFC) resection of a degenerative cyst. CLINICAL PRESENTATION The patient presented with headache, dizziness, nausea, and memory difficulties. A fourth ventricle cyst consistent with NCC was found on magnetic resonance imaging, and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed the diagnosis. The cyst was removed utilizing an open PFC followed by antihelminthic therapy and corticosteroids. There was resolution of symptoms at 9 mo postoperatively. CONCLUSION Several treatment modalities have been proposed for isolated cysts in the fourth ventricle, including medication, ventriculoperitoneal shunt, endoscopic removal, and PFC. The treatment decision is complex, and there is little guidance on the best treatment choices. In this article, we describe treatment via PFC for an adherent FVNCC cyst.

scholarly journals Characteristics and burden of disease in patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial Spondyloarthritis: a comparison by systematic literature review and meta-analysis

RMD Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e001108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clementina López-Medina ◽  
Sofia Ramiro ◽  
Desirée van der Heijde ◽  
Joachim Sieper ◽  
Maxime Dougados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Disease Treatment

ObjectivesTo compare the clinical characteristics, burden of disease (eg, disease activity, function, quality of life), treatment modalities and treatment effect in patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial Spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA and nr-axSpA).MethodsA systematic literature review (2009–2018) was performed using the participants, intervention, comparator and outcomes methodology. Studies reporting outcomes (clinical presentation, burden of disease, treatment modalities and treatment effect) of both r-axSpA and nr-axSpA were included. A pooled analysis was performed (standardised means difference and relative risk for continuous and binary variables, respectively) and random or fixed effects methods were used depending on the heterogeneity of the studies.Results60 studies out of 787 references were included. Pooled analysis showed that, compared with patients with nr-axSpA, patients with r-axSpA were more frequently men (69.6% vs 53.6%), smokers (37.7% vs 31.1%) and had higher mean disease duration (8.6 vs 5.0 years) and longer time to diagnosis (6.1 vs 4.2 years). Peripheral manifestations were more prevalent in nr-axSpA, while uveitis and structural damage on MRI of the sacroiliac joints were more prevalent in r-axSpA. C-reactive protein and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Mobility Index were higher in r-axSpA, while Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life were similar in both groups. No significant differences were found with regard to treatment effect.ConclusionsPatients with r-axSpA and nr-axSpA share a similar clinical presentation except for peripheral involvement, which is more prevalent among nr-axSpA. Except for a more impaired mobility in r-axSpA, both groups showed a comparable burden of disease, treatment modalities and treatment effect.

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