Parathyroid Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C Beck ◽  
Sonia L Sugg
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Germline Mutation ◽  
Parathyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Parathyroid Cancer

The clinical presentation and genetic mutations associated with parathyroid cancer are reviewed. Surgery, other treatment modalities, and outcomes are discussed. This review contains 1 table and 19 references. Key Words: CDC73-related parathyroid carcinoma, denosumab, HRPT2 germline mutation, hyperparthyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, parathyroid carcinoma

Parathyroid Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C Beck ◽  
Sonia L Sugg
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Germline Mutation ◽  
Parathyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Parathyroid Cancer

The clinical presentation and genetic mutations associated with parathyroid cancer are reviewed. Surgery, other treatment modalities, and outcomes are discussed. This review contains 1 table and 19 references. Key Words: CDC73-related parathyroid carcinoma, denosumab, HRPT2 germline mutation, hyperparthyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, parathyroid carcinoma

Variance in clinical presentation of Ectopic pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2845-2847
Author(s):  
Areeba Aftab ◽  
Memoona Faiyaz ◽  
Uzma Fahim ◽  
Humaira Tabassum ◽  
Saima Rafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Gestational Sac ◽  
Labour Ward

Objective: To adjudge the prevalence of distinct presentations in ectopic pregnancy. Research Design: Descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: Emergency Labour Ward Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Nishtar Hospital Multan from 1.07.2017 to 31.12.2017. Methodology: Ninety five patients having positive pregnancy tests and uterine cavity with no intrauterine gestational sac on ultrasound were included. Clinical presentation like amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding, acute abdomen, shock or asymptomatic were assessed. Results: Amenorrhea observed in 73(76.8%) women, vaginal bleeding was seen in 32 (33.7%) women, 88 (92.6%) patients presented with acute abdomen and vitals instability was seen in 8 (8.4%) patients and 6(6.3%) patients were without symptoms. Conclusion: The two most common clinical presentations in patients included in study were amenorrhea and acute abdomen. Thorough evaluation of the patients with sub-acute or chronic presentation should be adopted to diagnose the cases of ectopic pregnancy. Key words: Ectopic pregnancy; Clinical presentation; Variations

scholarly journals Atypical manifestation of parathyroid carcinoma with late-onset distant metastases

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Tsoli ◽  
Anna Angelousi ◽  
Dimitra Rontogianni ◽  
Constantine Stratakis ◽  
Gregory Kaltsas
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
List Type ◽  
Parathyroid Cancer ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
The Right

Summary Parathyroid carcinoma is an extremely rare endocrine malignancy that accounts for less than 1% of cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. We report a 44-year-old woman who presented with fatigue and diffuse bone pain. Laboratory findings revealed highly elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and a 4.5 × 3 × 2.5 cm cystic lesion in the lower pole of the right thyroid lobe that was shown histologically to be a parathyroid carcinoma. Ten years later, the patient developed brain and pulmonary metastases and recurrence of PTH-related hypercalcemia. Treatment of hypercalcemia along with localized radiotherapy and various chemotherapy regimens failed to induce a biochemical or radiological response. In conclusion, parathyroid carcinoma is a rare neoplasia that may develop metastases even after prolonged follow-up, for which there is no evidence-based treatment besides surgery. Different chemotherapeutic schemes did not prove to be of any benefit in our case highlighting the need for registering such patients to better understand tumor biology and develop specific treatment. Learning points: Metastases can develop many years after parathyroid cancer diagnosis. Surgery is the only curative treatment for parathyroid carcinoma. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy prove to be ineffective in parathyroid cancer treatment. Patient registering is required in order to delineate underlining pathology and offer specific treatment.

Current Treatment Recommendations for Leishmaniasis

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1452-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Moss ◽  
James P. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Governmental Institutions

OBJECTIVE: To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, risk factors for transmission, and pathogenesis of leishmaniasis, as well as current treatment options for this disease. DATA SOURCES/DATA SELECTION: We reviewed unclassified medical-threat briefing material, subject-matter reviews, and case reports from the world's infectious disease literature. We concentrated on literature pertaining to the pathogenesis and management of leishmaniasis indigenous to Southwest Asia. DATA EXTRACTION: Data from subject reviews published in the English language were evaluated. Case reports and clinical trials provided supplemental data on evolving theories and management options. DATA SYNTHESIS: The clinical presentation of leishmaniasis is highly variable. Management relies heavily upon the use of parenteral antimonial drugs. Although these agents are effective in most cases, toxicity and the emergence of resistance limit the usefulness of standard therapies. Alternative treatment modalities include heat, surgical curettage, ketoconazole, metronidazole, pentamidine, rifampin, amphotericin B, aminoglycosides, allopurinol, and immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Although the number of reported cases of leishmaniasis in the US has generally been low, there is a possibility that more cases may be reported in the future because of the large number of military personnel returning to this country from endemic areas. Medical personnel, particularly those working in governmental institutions, should be familiar with the pathogenesis of this unusual infection as well as potential treatment options.

Posterior Fossa Craniotomy for Adherent Fourth Ventricle Neurocysticercosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. E154-E158
Author(s):  
Lynze R Franko ◽  
Balaji Pandian ◽  
Avneesh Gupta ◽  
Luis E Savastano ◽  
Kevin S Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is an infectious helminthic disease often presenting in patients who have immigration or travel history from areas where NCC is endemic. Fourth ventricle cysts from NCC pose a unique treatment challenge, as there is little consensus on the best treatment. This case study describes the treatment of a patient with fourth ventricle neurocysticercosis (FVNCC), examines the therapeutic decision-making, and provides a video of a posterior fossa craniotomy (PFC) resection of a degenerative cyst. CLINICAL PRESENTATION The patient presented with headache, dizziness, nausea, and memory difficulties. A fourth ventricle cyst consistent with NCC was found on magnetic resonance imaging, and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed the diagnosis. The cyst was removed utilizing an open PFC followed by antihelminthic therapy and corticosteroids. There was resolution of symptoms at 9 mo postoperatively. CONCLUSION Several treatment modalities have been proposed for isolated cysts in the fourth ventricle, including medication, ventriculoperitoneal shunt, endoscopic removal, and PFC. The treatment decision is complex, and there is little guidance on the best treatment choices. In this article, we describe treatment via PFC for an adherent FVNCC cyst.

scholarly journals Characteristics and burden of disease in patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial Spondyloarthritis: a comparison by systematic literature review and meta-analysis

RMD Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e001108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clementina López-Medina ◽  
Sofia Ramiro ◽  
Desirée van der Heijde ◽  
Joachim Sieper ◽  
Maxime Dougados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Disease Treatment

ObjectivesTo compare the clinical characteristics, burden of disease (eg, disease activity, function, quality of life), treatment modalities and treatment effect in patients with radiographic and non-radiographic axial Spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA and nr-axSpA).MethodsA systematic literature review (2009–2018) was performed using the participants, intervention, comparator and outcomes methodology. Studies reporting outcomes (clinical presentation, burden of disease, treatment modalities and treatment effect) of both r-axSpA and nr-axSpA were included. A pooled analysis was performed (standardised means difference and relative risk for continuous and binary variables, respectively) and random or fixed effects methods were used depending on the heterogeneity of the studies.Results60 studies out of 787 references were included. Pooled analysis showed that, compared with patients with nr-axSpA, patients with r-axSpA were more frequently men (69.6% vs 53.6%), smokers (37.7% vs 31.1%) and had higher mean disease duration (8.6 vs 5.0 years) and longer time to diagnosis (6.1 vs 4.2 years). Peripheral manifestations were more prevalent in nr-axSpA, while uveitis and structural damage on MRI of the sacroiliac joints were more prevalent in r-axSpA. C-reactive protein and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Mobility Index were higher in r-axSpA, while Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life were similar in both groups. No significant differences were found with regard to treatment effect.ConclusionsPatients with r-axSpA and nr-axSpA share a similar clinical presentation except for peripheral involvement, which is more prevalent among nr-axSpA. Except for a more impaired mobility in r-axSpA, both groups showed a comparable burden of disease, treatment modalities and treatment effect.

Fifty Years of Experience with Chordomas in Southeast Scotland

Neurosurgery ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O'Neill ◽  
B.A. Bell ◽  
J.D. Miller ◽  
I. Jacobson ◽  
W. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches

Abstract We report the clinical presentation and management of 34 patients with a histologically proven chordoma, treated in the neurosurgical departments in Edinburgh and Dundee, over the past 50 years. Although these tumors are commonly regarded as being locally invasive with a variable, but generally slow growth rate, they can metastasize, and this may precede surgical intervention, as in one of our patients. Our cases are compared to those in previously published series, and a comprehensive review of the treatment modalities for tumors at various sites is presented. The optimal treatment to be recommended from our own experience, and that of others, is aggressive operation and radiotherapy. A combination of hyperthermia and chemotherapy has shown some promise, but remains untested, and highlights the need for a multicenter trial with long follow-up to allow the evaluation of new therapeutic approaches.

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