Relapses from acute malnutrition and related factors in a community-based management programme in Burkina Faso

Abstract Child acute malnutrition (AM) is an important cause of child mortality. Accurately estimating its burden requires cumulative incidence data from longitudinal studies, which are rarely available in low-income settings. In the absence of such data, the AM burden is approximated using prevalence estimates from cross-sectional surveys and the incidence correction factor $K$, obtained from the few available cohorts that measured AM. We estimated $K$ factors for severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) from AM incidence and prevalence using representative cross-sectional baseline and longitudinal data from 2 cluster-randomized controlled trials (Innovative Approaches for the Prevention of Childhood Malnutrition—PROMIS) conducted between 2014 and 2017 in Burkina Faso and Mali. We compared K estimates using complete (weight-for-length z score, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and edema) and partial (MUAC, edema) definitions of SAM and MAM. $K$ estimates for SAM were 9.4 and 5.7 in Burkina Faso and in Mali, respectively; K estimates for MAM were 4.7 in Burkina Faso and 5.1 in Mali. The MUAC and edema–based definition of AM did not lead to different $K$ estimates. Our results suggest that $K$ can be reliably estimated when only MUAC and edema-based data are available. Additional studies, however, are required to confirm this finding in different settings.

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Multilevel Pathways of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Low-Income Vietnamese Americans: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/10732748211011077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 107327482110110

Author(s):

Grace X. Ma ◽

Lin Zhu ◽

Timmy R. Lin ◽

Yin Tan ◽

Phuong Do

Keyword(s):

Health Beliefs ◽

Low Income ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Limited English Proficiency ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Vietnamese Americans ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Community Based ◽

Related Factors ◽

Crc Screening

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) disproportionately affects Vietnamese Americans, especially those with low income and were born outside of the United States. CRC screening tests are crucial for prevention and early detection. Despite the availability of noninvasive, simple-to-conduct tests, CRC screening rates in Asian Americans, particularly Vietnamese Americans, remain suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interplay of multilevel factors – individual, interpersonal, and community – on CRC screening behaviors among low-income Vietnamese Americans with limited English proficiency. Methods: This study is based on the Sociocultural Health Behavior Model, a research-based model that incorporates 6 factors associated with decision-making and health-seeking behaviors that result in health care utilization. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we recruited 801 Vietnamese Americans from community-based organizations. We administered a survey to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and CRC screening-related factors. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to identify direct and indirect predictors of lifetime CRC screening. Results: Bivariate analysis revealed that a greater number of respondents who never screened for CRC reported limited English proficiency, fewer years of US residency, and lower self-efficacy related to CRC screening. The SEM model identified self-efficacy (coefficient = 0.092, P < .01) as the only direct predictor of lifetime CRC screening. Educational attainment (coefficient = 0.13, P < .01) and health beliefs (coefficient = 0.040, P < .001) had a modest significant positive relationship with self-efficacy. Health beliefs (coefficient = 0.13, P < .001) and educational attainment (coefficient = 0.16, P < .01) had significant positive relationships with CRC knowledge. Conclusions: To increase CRC screening uptake in medically underserved Vietnamese American populations, public health interventions should aim to increase community members’ confidence in their abilities to screen for CRC and to navigate associated processes, including screening preparation, discussions with doctors, and emotional complications.

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Community-based scheduled screening and treatment of malaria in pregnancy for improved maternal and infant health in The Gambia, Burkina Faso and Benin: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/1745-6215-15-340 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Susana Scott ◽

Petra F Mens ◽

Halidou Tinto ◽

Alain Nahum ◽

Esmée Ruizendaal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Infant Health ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

The Gambia ◽

Community Based ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Maternal And Infant Health ◽

In Pregnancy

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User fees removal and community-based management of undernutrition in Burkina Faso: what effects on children’s nutritional status?

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980021000732 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

David Y Zombré ◽

Manuela De Allegri ◽

Valéry Ridde ◽

Kate Zinszer

Keyword(s):

Burkina Faso ◽

Household Survey ◽

Community Level ◽

User Fees ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Control Group ◽

Community Based ◽

Sahel Region ◽

Intervention District ◽

Children Under 5

Abstract Objective: To examine the effect of an intervention combining user fees removal with community-based management of undernutrition on the nutrition status in children under 5 years of age in Burkina Faso. Design: The study was a non-equivalent control group post-test-only design based on household survey data collected 4 years after the intervention onset in the intervention and comparison districts. Additionally, we used propensity score weighting to achieve balance on covariates between the two districts, followed by logistic multilevel modelling. Setting: Two health districts in the Sahel region. Participants: Totally, 1116 children under 5 years of age residing in 41 intervention communities and 1305 from 51 control communities. Results: When comparing children living in the intervention district to children living in a non-intervention district, we determined no differences in terms of stunting (OR = 1·13; 95 % CI 0·83, 1·54) and wasting (OR = 1·21; 95 % CI 0·90, 1·64), nor in severely wasted (OR = 1·27; 95 % CI 0·79, 2·04) and severely stunted (OR = 0·99; 95 % CI 0·76, 1·26). However, we determined that 3 % of the variance of wasting (95 % CI 1·25, 10·42) and 9·4 % of the variance of stunting (95 % CI 6·45, 13·38) were due to systematic differences between communities of residence. The presence of the intervention in the communities explained 2 % of the community-level variance of stunting and 3 % of the community-level variance of wasting. Conclusions: With the scaling-up of the national free health policy in Africa, we stress the need for rigorous evaluations and the means to measure expected changes in order to better inform health interventions.

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Individual and healthcare supply-related barriers to treatment initiation in HIV-positive patients enrolled in the Cameroonian antiretroviral treatment access programme

Health Policy and Planning ◽

10.1093/heapol/czaa153 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Pierre-Julien Coulaud ◽

Camélia Protopopescu ◽

Khadim Ndiaye ◽

Maël Baudoin ◽

Gwenaëlle Maradan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Treatment ◽

Cox Model ◽

Task Shifting ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Treatment Access ◽

Community Based ◽

Related Factors ◽

Hiv Services ◽

Community Based Organizations ◽

Art Initiation

Abstract Increasing demand for antiretroviral treatment (ART) together with a reduction in international funding during the last decade may jeopardize access to ART. Using data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2014 in 19 HIV services in the Centre and Littoral regions in Cameroon, we investigated the role of healthcare supply-related factors in time to ART initiation in HIV-positive patients eligible for ART at HIV diagnosis. HIV service profiles were built using cluster analysis. Factors associated with time to ART initiation were identified using a multilevel Cox model. The study population included 847 HIV-positive patients (women 72%, median age: 39 years). Median (interquartile range) time to ART initiation was 1.6 (0.5–4.3) months. Four HIV service profiles were identified: (1) small services with a limited staff practising partial task-shifting (n = 4); (2) experienced and well-equipped services practising task-shifting and involving HIV community-based organizations (n = 5); (3) small services with limited resources and activities (n = 6); (4) small services providing a large range of activities using task-shifting and involving HIV community-based organizations (n = 4). The multivariable model showed that HIV-positive patients over 39 years old [hazard ratio: 1.26 (95% confidence interval) (1.09–1.45), P = 0.002], those with disease symptoms [1.21 (1.04–1.41), P = 0.015] and those with hepatitis B co-infection [2.31 (1.15–4.66), P = 0.019] were all more likely to initiate ART early. However, patients in the first profile were less likely to initiate ART early [0.80 (0.65–0.99), P = 0.049] than those in the second profile, as were patients in the third profile [association only significant at the 10% level; 0.86 (0.72–1.02), P = 0.090]. Our findings provide a better understanding of the role played by healthcare supply-related factors in ART initiation. In HIV services with limited capacity, task-shifting and support from community-based organizations may improve treatment access. Additional funding is required to relieve healthcare supply-related barriers and achieve the goal of universal ART access.

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Population structure, inbreeding and admixture in local cattle populations managed by community‐based breeding programs in Burkina Faso

Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics ◽

10.1111/jbg.12529 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dominique Ouédraogo ◽

Salifou Ouédraogo‐Koné ◽

Bernadette Yougbaré ◽

Albert Soudré ◽

Bienvenue Zoma‐Traoré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Community Based ◽

Breeding Programs

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Factors That Account For Low Enrollment In Community-Based Senior High Schools In The Ashanti Region Of Ghana

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v7i3.el01 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Denteh Raphael ◽

Samuel Dontoh ◽

Augustine Adjei ◽

Francis Kyei Badu

Keyword(s):

High Schools ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Study Data ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Community Based ◽

Related Factors ◽

Ashanti Region ◽

Interview Guide ◽

Science Laboratories ◽

Quota Sampling

The study was to explore the factors that account for low enrolments in senior high schools in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors that account for low enrolments in the community-based senior high school in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The purpose of the study was to investigate socio-economic factors, school related factors, geographical factors and individual characteristics that influence enrolments, participation, retention, attendance, progression and dropout in community-based senior high schools in Ashanti Region of Ghana. The purposive and quota sampling were used to select a sample size of 120 respondent make up of 10 heads, 10 Districts Directors of Education, 10 PTA chairmen and 90 parents of sampled schools. The instruments used to collect data from the respondents were the questionnaire for heads, structured interview guide for parents. PTA Chairmen and the District Directors of GES and observation guide on school building and furniture. The reliability co-efficient of the study was 0.82. The co-efficient is high enough and hence the items were deemed reliable for the study. Data were analysed by the use of frequencies, percentages and apparent cohort method. The finding of the study indicated that most of the sampled senior high schools do not have school bus to convey day students to and from schools. The sample senior high schools do not have workshops for all programmes, classrooms and standard science laboratories and science equipment to enhance academic work.

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