scholarly journals Not out of the woods yet: signatures of the prolonged negative genetic consequences of a population bottleneck in a rapidly re‐expanding wader, the black‐faced spoonbill Platalea minor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou‐Hsien Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Chia‐Fen Yeh ◽  
Yuchen Fu ◽  
Carol K. L. Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Bottleneck

scholarly journals The effect of change in population size on DNA polymorphism.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 597-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Tajima
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Population Bottleneck ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Original Population ◽  
Current Population ◽  
Segregating Sites

Abstract The expected number of segregating sites and the expectation of the average number of nucleotide differences among DNA sequences randomly sampled from a population, which is not in equilibrium, have been developed. The results obtained indicate that, in the case where the population size has changed drastically, the number of segregating sites is influenced by the size of the current population more strongly than is the average number of nucleotide differences, while the average number of nucleotide differences is affected by the size of the original population more severely than is the number of segregating sites. The results also indicate that the average number of nucleotide differences is affected by a population bottleneck more strongly than is the number of segregating sites.

scholarly journals SELECTION FOR BLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS IN MICE

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-549
Author(s):  
Gunther Schlager
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Population Bottleneck ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
High Line ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Random Control

ABSTRACT Response to two-way selection for systolic blood pressure was immediate and continuous for about eight generations. In the twelfth generation, the High males differed from the Low males by 38 mmHG; the females differed by 39 mmHg. There was little overlap between the two lines and they were statistically significant from each other and from the Random control line. There appeared to be no more additive genetic variance in the eleventh and twelfth generations. Causes for the cessation of response are explored. This is probably due to a combination of natural selection acting to reduce litter sizes in the Low line, a higher incidence of sudden deaths in the High line, and loss of favorable alleles as both selection lines went through a population bottleneck in the ninth generation.—In the eleventh generation, the selected lines were used to produce F1, F2, and backcross generations. A genetic analysis yielded significant additive and dominance components in the inheritance of systolic blood pressure.

scholarly journals Low allozyme heterozygosity in North Pacific and Bering Sea populations of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus): adaptive specialization, population bottleneck, or metapopulation structure?

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Stewart Grant ◽  
Susan E. Merkouris ◽  
Gordon H. Kruse ◽  
Lisa W. Seeb
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Population Bottleneck ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Red King Crab ◽  
Paralithodes Camtschaticus ◽  
Allozyme Diversity ◽  
King Crab ◽  
Metapopulation Structure ◽  
Adaptive Specialization

AbstractGrant, W. S., Merkouris, S. E., Kruse, G. H., and Seeb, L. W. 2011. Low allozyme heterozygosity in North Pacific and Bering Sea populations of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus): adaptive specialization, population bottleneck, or metapopulation structure? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . Populations of red king crab in the North Pacific and Bering Sea have declined in response to ocean-climate shifts and to harvesting. An understanding of how populations are geographically structured is important to the management of these depressed resources. Here, the Mendelian variability at 38 enzyme-encoding loci was surveyed in 27 samples (n = 2427) from 18 general locations. Sample heterozygosities were low, averaging HE = 0.015 among samples. Weak genetic structure was detected among three groups of populations, the Bering Sea, central Gulf of Alaska, and Southeast Alaska, but without significant isolation by distance among populations. A sample from Adak Island in the western Aleutians was genetically different from the remaining samples. The lack of differentiation among populations within regions may, in part, be due to post-glacial expansions and a lack of migration-drift equilibrium and to limited statistical power imposed by low levels of polymorphism. Departures from neutrality may reflect the effects of both selective and historical factors. The low allozyme diversity in red king crab may, in part, be attributable to adaptive specialization, background selection, ice-age population bottlenecks, or metapopulation dynamics in a climatically unstable North Pacific.

scholarly journals Low genetic diversity in the endangered Taxus yunnanensis following a population bottleneck, a low effective population size and increased inbreeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Miao ◽  
Z. J. Zhang ◽  
J. R. Su
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Bottleneck ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Taxus Yunnanensis ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract Taxus yunnanensis, which is an endangered tree that is considered valuable because it contains the effective natural anticancer metabolite taxol and heteropolysaccharides, has long suffered from severe habitat fragmentation. In this study, the levels of genetic diversity in two populations of 136 individuals were analyzed based on eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci. Our results suggested that these two populations were characterized by low genetic diversity (NE = 2.303/2.557; HO = 0.168/0.142; HE = 0.453/0.517), a population bottleneck, a low effective population size (Ne = 7/9), a high level of inbreeding (FIS = 0.596/0.702), and a weak, but significant spatial genetic structure (Sp = 0.001, b = −0.001*). Habitat fragmentation, seed shadow overlap and limited seed and pollen dispersal and potential selfing may have contributed to the observed gene tic structure. The results of the present study will enable development of practical conservation measures to effectively conserve the valuable genetic resources of this endangered plant.

Genetic analysis of a documented population bottleneck: introduced Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus) in New Zealand

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Le Page ◽  
R. A. Livermore ◽  
D. W. Cooper ◽  
A. C. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Population Bottleneck

scholarly journals The effect of a population bottleneck on the evolution of genetic variance/covariance structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2139-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. JARVIS ◽  
S. N. CROPP ◽  
T. T. VAUGHN ◽  
L. S. PLETSCHER ◽  
K. KING-ELLISON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Covariance Structure ◽  
Population Bottleneck

Population Bottleneck

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Kian Betancourt ◽  
Brittany Mabie
Keyword(s):  
Population Bottleneck

scholarly journals Palaeodemographic modelling supports a population bottleneck during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in Iberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Fernández-López de Pablo ◽  
Mario Gutiérrez-Roig ◽  
Madalena Gómez-Puche ◽  
Rowan McLaughlin ◽  
Fabio Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Bottleneck

scholarly journals Genetic Consequences of a Severe Population Bottleneck in the Guadalupe Fur Seal (Arctocephalus townsendi)

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Population Bottleneck ◽  
Fur Seal
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