scholarly journals Water supply and demand remain coordinated during breakdown of the global scaling relationship between leaf size and major vein density

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. 473-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio V. Schneider ◽  
Jörg Habersetzer ◽  
Renate Rabenstein ◽  
Jens Wesenberg ◽  
Karsten Wesche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Vein Density ◽  
Scaling Relationship ◽  
Major Vein ◽  
Global Scaling ◽  
Water Supply And Demand

Water-saving irrigation modes based on water supply and demand of winter wheat and summer maize

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yuan LIU ◽  
Shao-Hui XU ◽  
Jun-Ling CUI ◽  
Qing CHI
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Water Supply And Demand

PODIUM: Projecting water supply and demand for food production in 2025

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. de Fraiture ◽  
D. Molden ◽  
U. Amarasinghe ◽  
I. Makin
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Water Supply And Demand

scholarly journals Difference between emergent aquatic and terrestrial monocotyledonous herbs in relation to the coordination of leaf stomata with vein traits

AoB Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Zhao ◽  
Peili Fu ◽  
Guolan Liu ◽  
Ping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Major Vein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leaf Veins ◽  
Vein Diameter ◽  
Stomatal Length

Abstract Emergent aquatic plants mostly occur in shallow waters and root in bottom substrates, but their leaves emerge from the water surface and are thus exposed to air, similar to the leaves of terrestrial plants. Previous studies have found coordination between leaf water supply and demand in terrestrial plants; however, whether such a coordination exists in emergent aquatic plants remains unknown. In this study, we analysed leaf veins and stomatal characteristics of 14 emergent aquatic and 13 terrestrial monocotyledonous herb species (EMH and TMH), with 5 EMH and 8 TMH belonging to Poaceae. We found that EMH had significantly higher mean leaf area, leaf thickness, stomatal density, stomatal number per vein length and major vein diameter, but lower mean major vein length per area (VLA) and total VLA than TMH. There was no significant difference in stomatal length, minor VLA and minor vein diameter between the two groups. Stomatal density and total VLA were positively correlated among the EMH, TMH, as well as the 8 Poaceae TMH species, but this correlation became non-significant when data from both the groups were pooled. Our results showed that the differences in water supply between emergent aquatic and terrestrial plants modify the coordination of their leaf veins and stomatal traits.

scholarly journals A Probabilistic Approach for Characterization of Sub-Annual Socioeconomic Drought Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) Relationships in a Changing Environment

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Heidari ◽  
Mazdak Arabi ◽  
Mahshid Ghanbari ◽  
Travis Warziniack
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Mixture Model ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Intensity ◽  
Water Supply And Demand ◽  
Intensity Duration Frequency

Changes in climate, land use, and population can increase annual and interannual variability of socioeconomic droughts in water-scarce regions. This study develops a probabilistic approach to improve characterization of sub-annual socioeconomic drought intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships under shifts in water supply and demand conditions. A mixture Gamma-Generalized Pareto (Gamma-GPD) model is proposed to enhance characterization of both the non-extreme and extreme socioeconomic droughts. Subsequently, the mixture model is used to determine sub-annual socioeconomic drought intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships, return period, amplification factor, and drought risk. The application of the framework is demonstrated for the City of Fort Collins (Colorado, USA) water supply system. The water demand and supply time series for the 1985–2065 are estimated using the Integrated Urban water Model (IUWM) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), respectively, with climate forcing from statistically downscaled CMIP5 projections. The results from the case study indicate that the mixture model leads to enhanced estimation of sub-annual socioeconomic drought frequencies, particularly for extreme events. The probabilistic approach presented in this study provides a procedure to update sub-annual socioeconomic drought IDF curves while taking into account changes in water supply and demand conditions.

Water-Stressed Pakistan

Asian Survey ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116-1136
Author(s):  
Amit Ranjan
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Water Supply And Demand

The widening gap between water supply and demand is the biggest threat and challenge before Pakistan. Of the available water, much is polluted. Both scarcity and pollution threaten the agriculture sector, on which the country’s economy depends.

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Supply and Demand in the Lower Mahi Sub-basin using WEAP Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 581 ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
K ManiRanjan ◽  
K Shashi Ranjan ◽  
T Roshni ◽  
J Drisya
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Weap Model ◽  
Water Supply And Demand
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