Contingent Self-worth in Chinese Adolescents and Young Adults: Relations with Global Self-Esteem and Depressive Symptoms

Abstract Background In recent years, there have been frequent reports of gaming disorder in China, with more focus on young people. We developed and psychometrically tested a Gaming Disorder screening scale (i.e., Gaming Disorder Screening Scale - GDSS) for Chinese adolescents and young adults, based on the existing scales and diagnostic criteria, but also considering the development status of China. Methods For testing content and criterion validity, 1747 participants competed the GDSS and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). After 15 days, 400 participants were retested with the scales for to assess test-retest reliability. Besides, 200 game players were interviewed for a diagnosis of gaming disorder. Results The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient on the GDSS was 0.93. The test-retest coefficient of 0.79. Principal components analysis identified three factors accounting for 62.4% of the variance; behavior, functioning, cognition and emotion. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit to the data (χ2 /df = 5.581; RMSEA =0.074; TLI = 0.916, CFI = 0.928). The overall model fit was significantly good in the measurement invariance tested across genders and different age groups. Based on the clinical interview, the screening cut-off point was determined to be ≥47 (sensitivity 41.4%, specificity 82.3%). Conclusions The GDSS demonstrated good reliability and validity aspects for screening online gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents and young adults.

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Is It Helpful to Believe That Efforts Will Lead to Positive Outcomes? Two Cross-Lagged Panel Investigations among Adolescents and Young Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17207585 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (20) ◽

pp. 7585

Author(s):

Jacky C. K. Ng ◽

Vince W. T. Cheung ◽

Helen S. M. Wong ◽

Sherry M. Y. Leung ◽

Victor C. Y. Lau

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Young Adults ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Time Lags ◽

Positive Outcomes ◽

The Past ◽

Multiplicative Effect ◽

Positive Effect

Over the past few decades, the role of self-views in life satisfaction has been extensively investigated. Recently, growing attention has been directed to the question of whether an optimistic worldview, termed “reward for application”, helps boost life satisfaction. Conceptually, the association between reward for application and life satisfaction can be paradoxical. Due to various methodological and theoretical shortfalls, previous investigations were unable to draw a robust conclusion on this association. To address these shortfalls, two cross-lagged panel studies were conducted with different time lags. Over and above the potential confounds of self-views (namely, self-esteem and self-rated personality traits), reward for application had a positive effect on lagged life satisfaction among both adolescents and young adults, while the reverse effect was not found. Moreover, we found support for the multiplicative effect between worldviews and self-views, in which the positive effect of reward for application on life satisfaction was attenuated by high self-esteem.

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Temporal association between objectively measured smartphone usage, sleep quality and physical activity among Chinese adolescents and young adults

Journal of Sleep Research ◽

10.1111/jsr.13213 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Paul H. Lee ◽

Andy C. Y. Tse ◽

Cynthia S. T. Wu ◽

Yim Wah Mak ◽

Uichin Lee

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young Adults ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Chinese Adolescents ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Temporal Association ◽

Objectively Measured

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A Qualitative Study of Young Adults Experience With a Reminiscence-Based Therapy for Depressive Symptoms

Emerging Adulthood ◽

10.1177/2167696818769175 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 279-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. J. Hallford ◽

D. Mellor ◽

M. E. Burgat

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Life Story ◽

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

Reminiscence Therapy ◽

Cognitive Reframing ◽

Self Worth ◽

Age Appropriate ◽

Specific Factors

Reminiscence therapy is a novel psychosocial approach to treating depressive symptoms in young adults. We present the first qualitative inquiry into young adults’ experience of reminiscence-based therapy, aimed at exploring attitudes toward this approach and their view of processes underpinning positive change. Help-seeking young adults (mean age = 20.8, SD = 1.6) with at least moderate depressive symptoms were interviewed following a course of cognitive-reminiscence therapy. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The intervention was reported to be a positive experience that led to positive outcomes. Change was attributed to common therapy factors and specific factors of cognitive reframing, increasing awareness of a broader life story, learning from the past to feel more confident and able to cope, and strengthened self-worth and self-acceptance. These findings provide unique insight into young adults’ experience with reminiscence-based treatment for depressive symptoms and indicate it is generally acceptable, useful, and age-appropriate for them.

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Childhood Depressive Symptoms Predict Psychiatric Problems in Young Adults

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674370004500507 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 465-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Eeva T Aronen ◽

Mika Soininen

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Young Adult ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Adaptive Functioning ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Self Report ◽

Psychiatric Problems

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of childhood depressive symptoms for psychiatric symptoms, adaptive functioning, and self-performance in young adults. Method: The study sample consisted of 111 young adults born during 1975–1976 in the Helsinki region. The young adults were assessed in childhood (10 to 11 years of age) using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and at the age of 20 to 21 years using Achenbach's Young Adult Self Report (YASR), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Wallston Self-Performance Survey. Results: Self-reported depressive symptoms in childhood predicted psychiatric symptoms (especially aggression), poor adaptive functioning, and low self-esteem in young adulthood. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms in children should be addressed to prevent later psychiatric problems. The CDI may be a measure of nonspecific psychopathology rather than of pure depression—thus, it may be a good screening tool for child populations.

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