Health assessments uncover novel viral sequences in five species of galapagos tortoises

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ainoa Nieto‐Claudin ◽  
Fernando Esperón ◽  
Kathleen Apakupakul ◽  
Irene Peña ◽  
Sharon L. Deem
Keyword(s):  
Health Assessments ◽  
Viral Sequences

Evaluation of the concentration of particulate material and its impact on the respiratory diseases of the workers of an artesanal smelting huarochirí. Lima

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Walter Manuel Vicharra ◽  
Carlos Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Particulate Materials ◽  
Health Assessments ◽  
Medical Examinations

The main objective of esta research is to determine the level of concentration of particulate materials of the size of 10 microns and 2.5 microns of an artisanal foundry, and to Evaluate the health in workers' respiratory diseases, as well as to find a relationship Between the particulate materials and the respiratory diseases, Which the project is located in the district of San Antonio, Department of Huarochiri, Department of Lima, Peru - 2017. The gravimetric analysis method approved by the General Directorate of Environmental Health DIGESA was used, with the Protocol for air quality monitoring and data management, to determine the level of concentration of particulate material and on the other hand Health Assessments in respiratory diseases Were used a survey made by a doctor in pulmonology, Which was Then backed by medical examinations performed on workers. It was Determined That the particulate materials of 10 microns and 2.5 microns Were above environmental quality standards, Which is Considered as risky for the health of people, and in respiratory diseases it was Concluded That some of the subjects of the population of study are With occupational diseases.

Integration of viral sequences into the c-myc gene in two mammary adenocarcinomas induced by polyomavirus in athymic nude mice.

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 5935-5945 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Berebbi ◽  
C Cajean-Feroldi ◽  
F Apiou ◽  
J Couturier ◽  
M Garcette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nude Mice ◽  
Athymic Nude Mice ◽  
Myc Gene ◽  
Viral Sequences ◽  
Mammary Adenocarcinomas

Molecular Evidence for Nosocomial Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus from a Surgeon to One of His Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 4537-4540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Blanchard ◽  
Stéphane Ferris ◽  
Sophie Chamaret ◽  
Denise Guétard ◽  
Luc Montagnier
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Viral Sequences

ABSTRACT We have investigated the molecular evidence in favor of the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an HIV-infected surgeon to one of his patients. After PCR amplification, theenv and gag sequences from the viral genome were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the viral sequences derived from the surgeon and his patient are closely related, which strongly suggests that nosocomial transmission occurred. In addition, these viral sequences belong to group M of HIV type 1 but are divergent from the reference sequences of the known subtypes.

scholarly journals Virus Surveys in Olive Orchards in Greece Identify Olive Virus T, a Novel Member of the Genus Tepovirus

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Evanthia Xylogianni ◽  
Paolo Margaria ◽  
Dennis Knierim ◽  
Kyriaki Sareli ◽  
Stephan Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Coat Protein Region ◽  
Cherry Leaf Roll Virus ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Olive Varieties ◽  
Viral Sequences

Field surveys were conducted in Greek olive orchards from 2017 to 2020 to collect information on the sanitary status of the trees. Using a high-throughput sequencing approach, viral sequences were identified in total RNA extracts from several trees and assembled to reconstruct the complete genomes of two isolates of a new viral species of the genus Tepovirus (Betaflexiviridae), for which the name olive virus T (OlVT) is proposed. A reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction assay was developed which detected OlVT in samples collected in olive growing regions in Central and Northern Greece, showing a virus prevalence of 4.4% in the olive trees screened. Sequences of amplified fragments from the movement–coat protein region of OlVT isolates varied from 75.64% to 99.35%. Three olive varieties (Koroneiki, Arbequina and Frantoio) were infected with OlVT via grafting to confirm a graft-transmissible agent, but virus infections remained latent. In addition, cucumber mosaic virus, olive leaf yellowing-associated virus and cherry leaf roll virus were identified.

scholarly journals Importance of health assessments for conservation in noncaptive wildlife

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Kophamel ◽  
Björn Illing ◽  
Ellen Ariel ◽  
Morgan Difalco ◽  
Lee F. Skerratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Assessments

scholarly journals Unmasking viral sequences by metagenomic next-generation sequencing in adult human blood samples during steroid-refractory/dependent graft-versus-host disease

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Zanella ◽  
S. Cordey ◽  
F. Laubscher ◽  
M. Docquier ◽  
G. Vieille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Graft Versus Host Disease ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Host Disease ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Viral Sequences ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Steroid Refractory

Abstract Background Viral infections are common complications following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Allo-HSCT recipients with steroid-refractory/dependent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) are highly immunosuppressed and are more vulnerable to infections with weakly pathogenic or commensal viruses. Here, twenty-five adult allo-HSCT recipients from 2016 to 2019 with acute or chronic steroid-refractory/dependent GvHD were enrolled in a prospective cohort at Geneva University Hospitals. We performed metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis using a validated pipeline and de novo analysis on pooled routine plasma samples collected throughout the period of intensive steroid treatment or second-line GvHD therapy to identify weakly pathogenic, commensal, and unexpected viruses. Results Median duration of intensive immunosuppression was 5.1 months (IQR 5.5). GvHD-related mortality rate was 36%. mNGS analysis detected viral nucleotide sequences in 24/25 patients. Sequences of ≥ 3 distinct viruses were detected in 16/25 patients; Anelloviridae (24/25) and human pegivirus-1 (9/25) were the most prevalent. In 7 patients with fatal outcomes, viral sequences not assessed by routine investigations were identified with mNGS and confirmed by RT-PCR. These cases included Usutu virus (1), rubella virus (1 vaccine strain and 1 wild-type), novel human astrovirus (HAstV) MLB2 (1), classic HAstV (1), human polyomavirus 6 and 7 (2), cutavirus (1), and bufavirus (1). Conclusions Clinically unrecognized viral infections were identified in 28% of highly immunocompromised allo-HSCT recipients with steroid-refractory/dependent GvHD in consecutive samples. These identified viruses have all been previously described in humans, but have poorly understood clinical significance. Rubella virus identification raises the possibility of re-emergence from past infections or vaccinations, or re-infection.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Sequence Characteristics of COVID-19 Persistence and Reinfection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish C Choudhary ◽  
Charles R Crain ◽  
Xueting Qiu ◽  
William Hanage ◽  
Jonathan Z Li
Keyword(s):  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Antibody Treatment ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody Treatment ◽  
Viral Sequences ◽  
Sequence Characteristics ◽  
Baseline Health

Abstract Background Both SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and persistent infection have been reported, but sequence characteristics in these scenarios have not been described. We assessed published cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and persistence, characterizing the hallmarks of reinfecting sequences and the rate of viral evolution in persistent infection. Methods A systematic review of PubMed was conducted to identify cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and persistence with available sequences. Nucleotide and amino acid changes in the reinfecting sequence were compared to both the initial and contemporaneous community variants. Time-measured phylogenetic reconstruction was performed to compare intra-host viral evolution in persistent SARS-CoV-2 to community-driven evolution. Results Twenty reinfection and nine persistent infection cases were identified. Reports of reinfection cases spanned a broad distribution of ages, baseline health status, reinfection severity, and occurred as early as 1.5 months or >8 months after the initial infection. The reinfecting viral sequences had a median of 17.5 nucleotide changes with enrichment in the ORF8 and N genes. The number of changes did not differ by the severity of reinfection and reinfecting variants were similar to the contemporaneous sequences circulating in the community. Patients with persistent COVID-19 demonstrated more rapid accumulation of sequence changes than seen with community-driven evolution with continued evolution during convalescent plasma or monoclonal antibody treatment. Conclusions Reinfecting SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes largely mirror contemporaneous circulating sequences in that geographic region, while persistent COVID-19 has been largely described in immunosuppressed individuals and is associated with accelerated viral evolution.

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