Molecular Evidence for Nosocomial Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus from a Surgeon to One of His Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 4537-4540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Blanchard ◽  
Stéphane Ferris ◽  
Sophie Chamaret ◽  
Denise Guétard ◽  
Luc Montagnier
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Viral Sequences

ABSTRACT We have investigated the molecular evidence in favor of the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an HIV-infected surgeon to one of his patients. After PCR amplification, theenv and gag sequences from the viral genome were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the viral sequences derived from the surgeon and his patient are closely related, which strongly suggests that nosocomial transmission occurred. In addition, these viral sequences belong to group M of HIV type 1 but are divergent from the reference sequences of the known subtypes.

scholarly journals TESTING A SUBTYPE-SPECIFIC GP41 AMPLIFICATION METHOD FOR GENOTYPING INDIVIDUALS INFECTED BY HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE-1 IN THE BRAZILIAN POPULATION OF ITAJAÍ, SOUTH BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liã Bárbara Arruda ◽  
Laura I. Weber ◽  
Marisa dos Santos ◽  
Edson M. Kawakubo ◽  
Ana Maria B. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
South Brazil

The method used by YAGYU et al. for the subtype-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the gp41 transmembrane region of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) env gene, was tested. HIV-1 proviral DNA from 100 infected individuals in Itajaí, South Brazil was used to analyze this method. Seventy individuals were determined according to this method as having PCR products at the expected size for subtypes B, C, D and F. Of these individuals, 26 (37.1%) were observed as having the expected amplification for subtype C, and 42 (60%) were observed as having the expected products for subtypes B and D. Of the subtype B and D amplicons, 16 (22.9%) were classified as subtype D, and 26 (37.1%) were classified as subtype B. Two individuals (2.9%) had amplicons that were observed after subtype F-specific amplification was performed. Sequencing and comparing the patient sequences to reference sequences confirmed the classification of sequences of subtypes C and B. However, sequences that were falsely determined as being D and F in the PCR assay were determined as being subtypes C and B, respectively, by sequence analysis. For those individuals from whom no amplified products were obtained, a low viral load that was indicated in their patient history may explain the difficulty in subtyping by PCR methods. This issue was demonstrated by the results of ANOVA when testing the effect of viral load on the success of PCR amplification. The alignment of the obtained sequences with HIV-1 reference sequences demonstrated that there is high intra-subtype diversity. This indicates that the subtype-specific primer binding sites were not conserved or representative of the subtypes that are observed in the Brazilian populations, and that they did not allow the correct classification of HIV-1 subtypes. Therefore, the proposed method by YAGYU et al. is not applicable for the classification of Brazilian HIV-1 subtypes.

Fully automated quantification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA in human plasma by the COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® system

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Schumacher ◽  
Edmund Frick ◽  
Mirko Kauselmann ◽  
Viola Maier-Hoyle ◽  
Reinier van der Vliet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Automated Quantification ◽  
Hiv Type 1

Genetic Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Abidjan, Ivory Coast Reveals Predominance of HIV Type 1 Subtype A and Introduction of Subtype G

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis L. Ellenberger ◽  
Danuta Pieniazek ◽  
John Nkengasong ◽  
Chi-Cheng Luo ◽  
Sushil Devare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Subtype A

scholarly journals Membrane-Anchored Peptide Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Entry

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 3038-3042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Hildinger ◽  
Matthias T. Dittmar ◽  
Patricia Schult-Dietrich ◽  
Boris Fehse ◽  
Barbara S. Schnierle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Retrovirus Vector ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Entry ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Heptad Repeats ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Gp41 Envelope

ABSTRACT Peptides derived from the heptad repeats of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gp41 envelope glycoprotein, such as T20, can efficiently inhibit HIV type 1 (HIV-1) entry. In this study, replication of HIV-1 was inhibited more than 100-fold in a T-helper cell line transduced with a retrovirus vector expressing membrane-anchored T20 on the cell surface. Inhibition was independent of coreceptor usage.

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