Review: Pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis: skin barrier and host-micro-organism interaction

The management of canine atopic dermatitis, an allergic skin disorder, is challenging. To investigate the effect of phototherapy using a 308-nm excimer light as a topical treatment for canine atopic dermatitis, 10 dogs with canine atopic dermatitis and 10 with non-allergic skin were enrolled in this study. Phototherapy was applied every 7 days for a total of 2 months. The skin microbiome, skin barrier function, and clinical outcomes were evaluated after phototherapy. Phototherapy significantly changed the composition of the skin microbiome of dogs with atopic dermatitis and significantly increased the relative abundance of the phyla Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria. It significantly alleviated the clinical signs of canine atopic dermatitis without serious adverse effects. Transepidermal water loss, as a measure of skin barrier function, significantly decreased after phototherapy. In addition, phototherapy increased microbial diversity and decreased the relative abundance of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius associated with the severity of canine atopic dermatitis. These results suggest that the excimer light therapy is a suitable and safe therapeutic option for canine atopic dermatitis, which is also a spontaneous animal model of atopic dermatitis.

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Current evidence of skin barrier dysfunction in human and canine atopic dermatitis

Veterinary Dermatology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.00967.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 239-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Rosanna Marsella ◽

Thierry Olivry ◽

Didier-Noel Carlotti ◽

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Barrier Dysfunction ◽

Canine Atopic Dermatitis

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Polyphenols and Cannabidiol Modulate Transcriptional Regulation of Th1/Th2 Inflammatory Genes Related to Canine Atopic Dermatitis

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.606197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Marcella Massimini ◽

Elena Dalle Vedove ◽

Benedetta Bachetti ◽

Francesco Di Pierro ◽

Cataldo Ribecco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Transcriptional Regulation ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Barrier Dysfunction ◽

Canine Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Cpg Sites ◽

Gene Regulatory

Canine atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial allergic disease associated with immune and abnormal skin barrier dysfunction and it is one of the primary causes of pruritus. Using a novel in vitro model of AD, here we tried to revert the alteration of transcriptional regulation of AD canine key genes testing a nutraceutical mixture containing flavonoids, stilbene, and cannabinoids, which are already well-known for their applications within dermatology diseases. The nutraceutical mixture induced in inflamed cells a significant downregulation (p < 0.05) of the gene expression of ccl2, ccl17, and tslp in keratinocytes and of ccl2, ccl17, and il31ra in monocytes. Consistent with the observed alterations of tslp, ccl2, ccl17, and il31ra messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, a significant increase (p < 0.05) of DNA methylation at specific CpG sites on the gene regulatory regions was found. These results lay the foundation for the use of these natural bioactives in veterinary medicine and provide a model for deeper understanding of their mechanisms of action, with potential translation to human research.

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