scholarly journals Evaluation of chemical properties of througfall, forest floor and seepage water in Spruce and Beech stands in the Highlands area of the Czech Republic

Beskydy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Tomáš Fabiánek ◽  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Ida Drápelová ◽  
Jiří Kulhavý
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Seepage Water ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Beech Stand

The objective of the transformation of spruce monocultures to close-to-nature forests is to create natural relationships between the species composition and the soil environment in a forest ecosystem. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the input of chemical substances via precipitation into forest floor, chemical properties of the forest floor with a view to the aluminum (Al), and the output of chemical substances via seepage water from the forest floor to the soil profile in an unmixed, 30 to 40-year old beech and spruce stand during the time period of 2004 through 2008. The study was carried out in the Rájec-Němčice field research station of the Deparment of Forest Ecology, Mendel University in Brno. The station is located in the Drahanská vrchovina Upland (on the eastern edge of the Bohemian Massif) in the Czech Republic. The aim of the study was to evaluate (i) the concentration and deposition of BC substances (= Ca, Mg, K), N (= NO3-, NH4+), pH, conductivity of throughfall, (ii) concentration and reserves of substances (Altot, BC, N), pH, C/N, Ca/Al ratio, BC/Al ratio, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and base saturation (BS) in the forest floor, (iii) concentration, pH, conductivity, output of substances (Al, BC, N) in seepage water from the forest floor to the soil profile. The results obtained demonstrate significant differences between spruce and beech stands. The values of determined characteristics show better conditions in the beech stand, eg: pH = 5,6; Al = 0,02 [mmol. l-1]; BC/Al = 8,3 in seepage waters. In the spruce stand: pH = 5,0; Al = 0,01 [mmol. l-1]; BC/Al = 11,4. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to notice effects of the stand species on the condition of the forest floor and its development. These effects were less favorable for the 34-year old spruce monoculture aged as compared to the 40-year old the beech monoculture (for the latter we found some positive, soil-improving effects) grown over a time period of two generations of unmixed spruce stands.

scholarly journals The effect of thinning on humus conditions in spruce and beech stands in the Highlands area of the Czech Republic

Beskydy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Eva Kostková ◽  
Jiří Kulhavý
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Vegetation Zone ◽  
Beech Stand ◽  
Spruce Stands

The study evaluates the effect of the type of thinning (above thinning vs. below thinning) on the humus conditions (i.e. forest floor stock, the content and stock of carbon and nitrogen, C/N ratio, and the proportion of carbon in humic substances) in spruce stands found on acid granodiorite (acid site) in forest vegetation zone (FVZ) 4 to 5 (Field research station Rájec-Němčice /FRS/, Department of Forest Ecology /DFE/ Mendel University in Brno) and in beech stands found on a solidified limestone sediment (nutrient rich site) in FVZ 3 to 4 (Training Forest Enterprise Masaryk Forest Křtiny /TFE Křtiny/); the sites indicated above are part of the upland of Drahanská vrchovina Upland (Czech Republic). Thinning was conducted in spruce stand in 2005, 2010; in beech stand in 2011. The stock of forest floor was determined to be 17–18 t.ha-1 under the beech stands and 51–54 t.ha-1 in the stands of spruce. The C/N ratio in the layers of forest floor and soil horizons at each site is similar and is not statistically significantly different. In spruce and beech stands in layers F and H fulvic acids prevail – a lower HA to FA ratio, the transformation of humic substances is more complete in layer H under spruce stands compared with beech. In the Ah horizon, the situation is reversed, with the transformation of humic substances being more complete under beech stands. The results incorporated using multivariate statistical methods (PCA) confirmed that thinning has no statistically significant effect on humus conditions in young spruce and beech stands in different types of habitats.

scholarly journals Composition and vertical distribution of free living and plant parasitic nematodes in hop gardens in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Čermák ◽  
V. Gaar ◽  
L. Háněl ◽  
K. Široká
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Plant Parasitic

AbstractComposition and vertical distribution of soil nematode communities within soil profile were investigated in eight hop gardens in Czech Republic. In total, the presence of 78 nematode genera was confirmed. Genus Drilocephalobus (Coomans & Coomans, 1990) is new for fauna of the Czech Republic. The highest abundance of soil nematodes was found at a depth of 0–10 cm and declined with increasing depth of soil profile. The most dominant genus was Bitylenchus, followed by genera Acrobeloides, Ditylenchus, Chiloplacus and Cervidelus. Ten genera of plant parasitic nematodes were recorded: Bitylenchus (with prevalence of B. dubius), Helicotylenchus, Heterodera (with absolute prevalence of H. humuli), Geocenamus, Longidorella, Longidorus (only L. elongatus), Merlinius (with prevalence of M. brevidens), Paratylenchus and Pratylenchus. Low population densities of predators and omnivores, low values of the community indices (MI, ΣMI, SI, and CI), and high values of NCR, EI, and PPI/MI ratio indicated disturbed nematode communities in hop gardens and bacteria-dominated decomposition pathways in the soil food web.

scholarly journals Impact of the Financial Crisis of 2008 on Furniture Industry in the Czech Republic and Development of Tangible Fixed Assets in 2005– 2012 and its Possible Renewal

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1045-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Najbrt ◽  
Kamila Hasilová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Furniture Industry ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Given

This paper is focused on furniture firms in the Czech Republic during the period 2005–2012, which covers the year of the crisis. The aim was to assess the given economic situation of the manufacturing businesses comparing some of the economic indicators such as tangible fixed assets, revenue from own production and services, pre-tax profit and labor costs. The study was conducted in the Czech Republic using the data provided by the Czech Statistical Office. Results for the specified period and selected groups of micro furniture companies are shown; dependence of economic indicators within the given time period is also analyzed. The analysis has shown that the smallest of the firms were least affected by the economic crisis; moreover, the medium-sized of the companies exhibit tangible assets growth and certain degree of inertia in years 2008 and 2009. Finally, possibilities how the micro furniture companies could proceed when purchasing new technologies are outlined.

scholarly journals Repayment plan as essential instrument in personal bankruptcy in the Czech republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Randáková ◽  
Jirina Bokšová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Debt Relief ◽  
Personal Bankruptcy ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Time Period

It is possible to undergo a personal bankruptcy in the Czech Republic since 2008. The number of personal bankruptcies has been steadily rising in the country since the arrival of economic crisis in 2009. Because of that it is necessary to examine individuals who had undergone personal bankruptcy and by whom has been the process of personal bankruptcy already completed. Submitted research concerns debt relief of individuals who applied for personal bankruptcy in the time period between 1.1.2008 and 31.12.2011 and whose process of personal bankruptcy was declared as successfully completed until the first quarter of 2015. Until the end of the research this applied to 1.352 individuals. The main aim of the research was to find out the percentage of debt repaid to creditors by each individual with regard to their age. The research has been focused on dividing the sample of 1.352 individuals to different categories according to their age, source of their income and amount of their income. Particular debtors who applied for a personal bankruptcy, have been divided into four age groups. Each individual was afterwards analysed for the source of their income, from which the debts were repaid. Possible sources of income were divided into eleven groups. The researched sample of individuals was consequently divided according to the overall amount of their debt into five categories.

scholarly journals Effects of spruce, beech and mixed commercial stand on humus conditions of forest soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fabiánek ◽  
L. Menšík ◽  
I. Tomášková ◽  
J. Kulhavý
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Beech Stand ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Intermediate Value

A pedological survey was carried out in a spruce monoculture, beech stand, and in a mixed stand at a field research station in Rájec-Němčice of the Institute of Forest Ecology (IFE), Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry (MUAF) in Brno in the region of the Drahanská Upland in 2004–2006. The aim of the paper was to evaluate (<I>i</I>) humus reserves and forms, (<I>ii</I>) soil reaction, (<I>iii</I>) reserves of total carbon and nitrogen for the forest floor layers and (<I>iv</I>) carbon/nitrogen ratio. Soil analyses were carried out on samples taken at the end of the growing season in a spruce, beech and mixed stand. The highest reserves of forest floor were found in the spruce stand (71.8 t/ha), which also corresponded to the exchangeable soil reaction 3.3 ± 0.4, the C/N ratio being 27.3 ± 3.0. The lowest reserves were found in the beech stand (46.7 t/ha), the soil reaction was 3.6 ± 0.5 and the C/N ratio was 26.0 ± 5.2. The mixed stand represented an intermediate value between extreme positions.

Profitability of Czech Food Enterprises in Relation to Their Size

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Blažková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Company Size ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Firm Profitability ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Individual Size

Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyse profitability of enterprises in the food and beverages industry of the Czech Republic in time period of 2003-2013 and to evaluate the possible impact of the firm size on the firm profitability. First, the development of the average ROA of individual size groups of enterprises within ten food sub-sectors is analysed graphically. Second, the correlation between company size and the level of the ROA indicator is statistically validated by using parametric ANOVA. Based on the analysis it can be concluded that the level of profitability in the Czech food and beverages industry is relatively low, and moreover, there is a tendency to decrease during the observed period. The highest values of ROA are achieved by the largest companies (expressed by the number of employees) and on the contrary, the ROA values of the smallest companies are often negative and in the whole observed period there are significantly lower than ROA values of other size groups of enterprises, which is valid in almost all sub-sectors. The analysis has shown that the level of profitability is determined by the company size. Significant differences in the size of ROA in different size groups were also statistically verified with the use of ANOVA.

scholarly journals Repayment Plan as Essential Instrument in Personal Bankruptcy in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Monika Randáková ◽  
Jiřina Bokšová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Debt Relief ◽  
Personal Bankruptcy ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Time Period

Abstract It is possible to undergo a personal bankruptcy in the Czech Republic since 2008. The number of personal bankruptcies has been steadily rising in the country since the arrival of economic crisis in 2009. Because of that it is necessary to examine individuals who had undergone personal bankruptcy and by whom has been the process of personal bankruptcy already completed. Submitted research concerns debt relief of individuals who applied for personal bankruptcy in the time period between 1.1.2008 and 31.12.2011 and whose process of personal bankruptcy was declared as successfully completed until the first quarter of 2015. Until the end of the research this applied to 1.352 individuals. The main aim of the research was to find out the percentage of debt repaid to creditors by each individual with regard to their age. The research has been focused on dividing the sample of 1.352 individuals to different categories according to their age, source of their income and amount of their income. Particular debtors who applied for a personal bankruptcy, have been divided into four age groups. Each individual was afterwards analysed for the source of their income, from which the debts were repaid. Possible sources of income were divided into eleven groups. The researched sample of individuals was consequently divided according to the overall amount of their debt into five categories.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document