Environmental Kuznets Curve: Application for the Czech Republic for the Time Period 1975-2012

In this paper we test the model explaining the inter-dependence between the pollutants and the economic development in the Czech Republic. We calculate the relationship known as the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) by estimating the relationship between the environmental pollution expressed by CO2 and SO2 emissions per capita and the GDP per capita for the Czech Republic for the period from 1990 to 2009. Our findings reveal that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for the Czech Republic holds in the case of estimating the inter-dependence between GDP per capita and sulphur dioxide.

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Impact of the Financial Crisis of 2008 on Furniture Industry in the Czech Republic and Development of Tangible Fixed Assets in 2005– 2012 and its Possible Renewal

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201664031045 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 1045-1052 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tomáš Najbrt ◽

Kamila Hasilová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

New Technologies ◽

Economic Indicators ◽

Furniture Industry ◽

Labor Costs ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Time Period ◽

Tangible Assets ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

The Given

This paper is focused on furniture firms in the Czech Republic during the period 2005–2012, which covers the year of the crisis. The aim was to assess the given economic situation of the manufacturing businesses comparing some of the economic indicators such as tangible fixed assets, revenue from own production and services, pre-tax profit and labor costs. The study was conducted in the Czech Republic using the data provided by the Czech Statistical Office. Results for the specified period and selected groups of micro furniture companies are shown; dependence of economic indicators within the given time period is also analyzed. The analysis has shown that the smallest of the firms were least affected by the economic crisis; moreover, the medium-sized of the companies exhibit tangible assets growth and certain degree of inertia in years 2008 and 2009. Finally, possibilities how the micro furniture companies could proceed when purchasing new technologies are outlined.

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Repayment plan as essential instrument in personal bankruptcy in the Czech republic

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge ◽

10.37335/ijek.v4i2.44 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Monika Randáková ◽

Jirina Bokšová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Debt Relief ◽

Personal Bankruptcy ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Time Period

It is possible to undergo a personal bankruptcy in the Czech Republic since 2008. The number of personal bankruptcies has been steadily rising in the country since the arrival of economic crisis in 2009. Because of that it is necessary to examine individuals who had undergone personal bankruptcy and by whom has been the process of personal bankruptcy already completed. Submitted research concerns debt relief of individuals who applied for personal bankruptcy in the time period between 1.1.2008 and 31.12.2011 and whose process of personal bankruptcy was declared as successfully completed until the first quarter of 2015. Until the end of the research this applied to 1.352 individuals. The main aim of the research was to find out the percentage of debt repaid to creditors by each individual with regard to their age. The research has been focused on dividing the sample of 1.352 individuals to different categories according to their age, source of their income and amount of their income. Particular debtors who applied for a personal bankruptcy, have been divided into four age groups. Each individual was afterwards analysed for the source of their income, from which the debts were repaid. Possible sources of income were divided into eleven groups. The researched sample of individuals was consequently divided according to the overall amount of their debt into five categories.

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Profitability of Czech Food Enterprises in Relation to Their Size

Acta Universitatis Bohemiae Meridionalis ◽

10.1515/acta-2016-0011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 59-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ivana Blažková

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Firm Size ◽

Company Size ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Food And Beverages ◽

Time Period ◽

Firm Profitability ◽

Size Groups ◽

Almost All ◽

Individual Size

Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyse profitability of enterprises in the food and beverages industry of the Czech Republic in time period of 2003-2013 and to evaluate the possible impact of the firm size on the firm profitability. First, the development of the average ROA of individual size groups of enterprises within ten food sub-sectors is analysed graphically. Second, the correlation between company size and the level of the ROA indicator is statistically validated by using parametric ANOVA. Based on the analysis it can be concluded that the level of profitability in the Czech food and beverages industry is relatively low, and moreover, there is a tendency to decrease during the observed period. The highest values of ROA are achieved by the largest companies (expressed by the number of employees) and on the contrary, the ROA values of the smallest companies are often negative and in the whole observed period there are significantly lower than ROA values of other size groups of enterprises, which is valid in almost all sub-sectors. The analysis has shown that the level of profitability is determined by the company size. Significant differences in the size of ROA in different size groups were also statistically verified with the use of ANOVA.

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Repayment Plan as Essential Instrument in Personal Bankruptcy in the Czech Republic

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge ◽

10.1515/ijek-2016-0011 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 22-36

Author(s):

Monika Randáková ◽

Jiřina Bokšová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Debt Relief ◽

Personal Bankruptcy ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Time Period

Abstract It is possible to undergo a personal bankruptcy in the Czech Republic since 2008. The number of personal bankruptcies has been steadily rising in the country since the arrival of economic crisis in 2009. Because of that it is necessary to examine individuals who had undergone personal bankruptcy and by whom has been the process of personal bankruptcy already completed. Submitted research concerns debt relief of individuals who applied for personal bankruptcy in the time period between 1.1.2008 and 31.12.2011 and whose process of personal bankruptcy was declared as successfully completed until the first quarter of 2015. Until the end of the research this applied to 1.352 individuals. The main aim of the research was to find out the percentage of debt repaid to creditors by each individual with regard to their age. The research has been focused on dividing the sample of 1.352 individuals to different categories according to their age, source of their income and amount of their income. Particular debtors who applied for a personal bankruptcy, have been divided into four age groups. Each individual was afterwards analysed for the source of their income, from which the debts were repaid. Possible sources of income were divided into eleven groups. The researched sample of individuals was consequently divided according to the overall amount of their debt into five categories.

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A multiannual survey of cadmium content in pig tissues collected in the Czech Republic during the years 2015–2019

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb202089040349 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 349-355

Author(s):

Martin Svoboda ◽

Jiří Drápal ◽

Danka Haruštiaková ◽

Zdeňka Svobodová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Cadmium Content ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Time Period ◽

The Mean ◽

Fattening Pigs

The assessment of cadmium content in the muscle, liver and kidneys of fattening pigs and sows was conducted in the Czech Republic during the period of 2015–2019. The samples were collected from a total of 32 sows and 210 fattening pigs. The mean cadmium content in the livers and kidneys of all sows was 0.102 ± 0.010 and 0.361 ± 0.032 mg·kg-1, respectively. The mean cadmium content in the livers and kidneys of all fattening pigs was 0.028 ± 0.001 and 0.141 ± 0.005 mg·kg-1, respectively. The maximum residual limit for human consumption was not exceeded in any sample. The cadmium content in the liver did not differ significantly between sows and fattening pigs in any particular year. In contrast, the cadmium content in kidneys differed significantly between sows and fattening pigs, being higher in sows (P < 0.05). No significant decreasing trend was observed for the cadmium content in tissues during the whole time period. It can be concluded that there is a need for further monitoring of the cadmium content in pig tissues in the Czech Republic.

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EXPLORING ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE. AN INVESTIGATION ON EU ECONOMIES

Technological and Economic Development of Economy ◽

10.3846/tede.2019.11261 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daniel Badulescu ◽

Alina Badulescu ◽

Ramona Simut ◽

Dorin Bac ◽

Elena-Ana Iancu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection ◽

Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽

Environmental Policies ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Kuznets Curve ◽

Public And Private ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Environmental Consequences ◽

Time Period ◽

The Eu

Designing and implementing relevant and effective environmental policies and fostering green and environmental-friendly approaches and behaviors are constant aims for policy makers all over the world. Concurrently, implementing environmental policies involves significant economic and financial efforts, in order to repair environmental damage and to prevent future negative environmental consequences. How effective are the environmental expenditures and how are they related to the economic growth, i.e. the GDP level, are issues of major concern at a governmental level. In this article we are examining the relation between GDP and environmental expenditure, by using statistical data available for EU economies, for the time period 1995-2013. We found that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is supported in most of the EU economies, both for government environmental protection and specialized providers, public and private environmental protection. Further and deeper analyses performed showed different situations for specific countries and even a negative relation between GDP and government environmental protection for specific cases.

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Trends in ambient ozone concentrations at twelve sites of the Czech Republic over the past three decades

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-6973 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Iva Hunova ◽

Marek Brabec ◽

Marek Malý

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Human Health ◽

Semiparametric Regression ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Data Series ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Ambient Ozone ◽

Time Period ◽

Measuring Period

Ambient ozone (O3) remains a serious air pollution problem (O3) of Northern Hemisphere, and still represents a considerable threat both for human health and ecosystems. In Europe, the critical levels of O3 are permanently exceeded over vast areas (EEA, 2019). In the Czech Republic (CR), monitoring of O3 has been operated since 1993, currently at 50 sites, including both rural and urban stations covering the country (CHMU, 2019). O3 exposures in the CR are relatively high (H&#367;nov&#225;, Schreiberov&#225;, 2012; H&#367;nov&#225; et al., 2016), and may result in negative endpoints, both regarding human health (H&#367;nov&#225; et al. 2013) and vegetation (H&#367;nov&#225; et al., 2011). O3 is highly meteorology dependent and shows considerable year-to-year variations (H&#367;nov&#225; et al., 2019 a, b). Two to three-decade time series allows for a sound trend analysis, hence O3 concentrations for trends at Czech long-term monitoring sites were already analysed using Mann-Kendall non-parametric test (H&#367;nov&#225;, B&#228;umelt, 2018).This time, however, our approach for time analysis was different. We applied a generalized additive model, GAM (Wood, 2017; Hastie & Tibshirani, 1990) framework as a flexible, semiparametric regression approach to address nonlinear trend shapes in a formalized and unified way. In particular, we employed penalized spline approach with cross-validated penalty coefficient estimation.&#160; We have examined daily mean O3 concentrations measured at twelve Czech sites representing different environments, geographical areas, and altitudes across the country; four urban, for rural and four mountain sites. We used long-term data series from the time period of 1994&#8211;2018.Our results show inconsistent behaviour of sites before 1998 when the strict emission limits were introduced with an immediate consequence of substantial decrease in O3 precursor emissions. The highest concentrations and the most dynamic O3 decrease in this time period was recorded at the Praha 4-Libus urban background site, the lowest concentrations and the steepest increase in O3 were recorded at the Rudolice mountain site in the former Black Triangle Area. Two local maxima &#8211; around 2003 for some sites and 2006 for other sites &#8211; and a local minimum around 2013 are indicated. Steady increase in O3 concentrations for all sites is evident after 2014 up to now, most likely due to recent five hot and dry summer seasons. Seasonal O3 course averaged for the entire measuring period is similar for all sites, with clear maximum in May-June. The highest O3 in summer and lowest in winter were observed at the Usti nad Labem-Kockov site, relatively most flat curve, with the least differences between summer and winter was recorded at the Churanov site, in the Sumava Mts. More interesting is to compare the seasonal O3 curves for individual years.In contrast with Mann-Kendall test standardly used for this kind of analysis, the GAM approach offers a detailed view on both time trend and seasonality curve and facilitates the analysis and interpretation of the results.&#160;&#160;

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Income Dynamics and Stability in the Transition Process

Acta Oeconomica ◽

10.1556/aoecon.52.2002.4.2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 421-442

Author(s):

Jens Hölscher ◽

Ray Bachan

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Income Distribution ◽

Transition Period ◽

Common Knowledge ◽

Transition Process ◽

Transition Countries ◽

Kuznets Curve ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Lorenz Curves ◽

Partial Analysis

Income distribution is a widely neglected subject in applied macroeconomics. This paper looks at the current state of art, which can be summarised as the “Transatlantic Consensus”explaining inequality through a partial analysis approach with changes on the labour market at its core. The potential interrelationship between inequality and growth is particularly important for transition countries, because according to common knowledge in this case the change of regime went along with rising inequality and declining income in the initial phase. The Czech case - the Czech Republic being the most egalitarian country among the former socialist economies - is even more interesting, because here income distribution remained relatively stable before and throughout the transition period. This result is illustrated by Lorenz curves. The analysis of so-far unpublished empirical data indicates that there is no need for active distribution policy in the Czech Republic. This result might not hold for other transition countries, which find themselves at the initial part of the Kuznets curve, but on a lower level of income.

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PERSONAL BANKRUPTCIES FROM MACROECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge ◽

10.37335/ijek.v5i2.61 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jan KUBÁLEK ◽

Dagmar ČÁMSKÁ ◽

Jiří STROUHAL

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Correlation Analysis ◽

Financial Institutions ◽

Economic Performance ◽

Point Of View ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Statistical Tools ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Time Period ◽

The Government

Personal bankruptcies are traditionally discussed from legal, microeconomic or social point of view. This paper focuses on the development of personal bankruptcies in the Czech Republic during the time period 2008-2016 and aims to connect performance of economy and the development of personal bankruptcies. As statistical tools there are used descriptive statistics and regression and correlation analysis. For the economy performance are used the measures of GDP, unemployment rate, household indebtedness and share of debts in default. Based on the results of the analysis there shall be said that lower economic performance influences increasing number of personal bankruptcies. This conclusion has significant consequences for the government and its politics, banks and other financial institutions.

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