scholarly journals Active hair bundle movements in auditory hair cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 576 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fettiplace
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells

Auditory Hair Cells and Sensory Transduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Holt ◽  
Gwenaëlle S.G. Géléoc
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Semicircular Canals ◽  
Linear Acceleration ◽  
Sensory Transduction ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells ◽  
Aquatic Vertebrates

The organs of the vertebrate inner ear respond to a variety of mechanical stimuli: semicircular canals are sensitive to angular velocity, the saccule and utricle respond to linear acceleration (including gravity), and the cochlea is sensitive to airborne vibration, or sound. The ontogenically related lateral line organs, spaced along the sides of aquatic vertebrates, sense water movement. All these organs have a common receptor cell type, which is called the hair cell, for the bundle of enlarged microvilli protruding from its apical surface. In different organs, specialized accessory structures serve to collect, filter, and then deliver these physical stimuli to the hair bundles. The proximal stimulus for all hair cells is deflection of the mechanosensitive hair bundle. Hair cells convert mechanical information contained within the temporal pattern of hair bundle deflections into electrical signals, which they transmit to the brain for interpretation.

scholarly journals Sensory Transduction and Adaptation in Inner and Outer Hair Cells of the Mouse Auditory System

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 3360-3369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Stauffer ◽  
Jeffrey R. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Slow Component ◽  
Outer Hair Cells ◽  
Fast Component ◽  
Sensory Transduction ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells ◽  
Inner Hair Cells ◽  
The Difference

Auditory function in the mammalian inner ear is optimized by collaboration of two classes of sensory cells known as inner and outer hair cells. Outer hair cells amplify and tune sound stimuli that are transduced and transmitted by inner hair cells. Although they subserve distinct functions, they share a number of common properties. Here we compare the properties of mechanotransduction and adaptation recorded from inner and outer hair cells of the postnatal mouse cochlea. Rapid outer hair bundle deflections of about 0.5 micron evoked average maximal transduction currents of about 325 pA, whereas inner hair bundle deflections of about 0.9 micron were required to evoke average maximal currents of about 310 pA. The similar amplitude was surprising given the difference in the number of stereocilia, 81 for outer hair cells and 48 for inner hair cells, but may be reconciled by the difference in single-channel conductance. Step deflections of inner and outer hair bundles evoked adaptation that had two components: a fast component that consisted of about 60% of the response occurred over the first few milliseconds and a slow component that consisted of about 40% of the response followed over the subsequent 20–50 ms. The rate of the slow component in both inner and outer hair cells was similar to the rate of slow adaptation in vestibular hair cells. The rate of the fast component was similar to that of auditory hair cells in other organisms and several properties were consistent with a model that proposes calcium-dependent release of tension allows transduction channel closure.

scholarly journals My oh my(osin): Insights into how auditory hair cells count, measure, and shape

2016 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
Lana M. Pollock ◽  
Shih-Wei Chou ◽  
Brian M. McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Myosin Iiia

The mechanisms underlying mechanosensory hair bundle formation in auditory sensory cells are largely mysterious. In this issue, Lelli et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201509017) reveal that a pair of molecular motors, myosin IIIa and myosin IIIb, is involved in the hair bundle’s morphology and hearing.

scholarly journals Eps8 Regulates Hair Bundle Length and Functional Maturation of Mammalian Auditory Hair Cells

PLoS Biology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e1001048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Zampini ◽  
Lukas Rüttiger ◽  
Stuart L. Johnson ◽  
Christoph Franz ◽  
David N. Furness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells ◽  
Functional Maturation

scholarly journals Active Hair Bundle Motion Linked to Fast Transducer Adaptation in Auditory Hair Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 7131-7142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Ricci ◽  
A. C. Crawford ◽  
R. Fettiplace
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Active Hair Bundle Motion in Auditory Hair Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Ricci ◽  
A. C. Crawford ◽  
R. Fettiplace
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells

scholarly journals A Reversal in Hair Cell Orientation Organizes Both the Auditory and Vestibular Organs

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basile Tarchini
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Sensory Epithelium ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Directional Sensitivity ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Cell Orientation ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells ◽  
Organ Level

Sensory hair cells detect mechanical stimuli with their hair bundle, an asymmetrical brush of actin-based membrane protrusions, or stereocilia. At the single cell level, stereocilia are organized in rows of graded heights that confer the hair bundle with intrinsic directional sensitivity. At the organ level, each hair cell is precisely oriented so that its intrinsic directional sensitivity matches the direction of mechanical stimuli reaching the sensory epithelium. Coordinated orientation among neighboring hair cells usually ensures the delivery of a coherent local group response. Accordingly, hair cell orientation is locally uniform in the auditory and vestibular cristae epithelia in birds and mammals. However, an exception to this rule is found in the vestibular macular organs, and in fish lateral line neuromasts, where two hair cell populations show opposing orientations. This mirror-image hair cell organization confers bidirectional sensitivity at the organ level. Here I review our current understanding of the molecular machinery that produces mirror-image organization through a regional reversal of hair cell orientation. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that auditory hair cells adopt their normal uniform orientation through a global reversal mechanism similar to the one at work regionally in macular and neuromast organs. Macular and auditory organs thus appear to be patterned more similarly than previously appreciated during inner ear development.

scholarly journals Par3 regulates Rac1 signaling and microtubule organization during planar polarization of auditory hair cells

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Landin Malt ◽  
Zachary Dailey ◽  
Julia Holbrook-rasmussen ◽  
Yuqiong Zheng ◽  
Quansheng Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Planar Cell Polarity ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Hair Bundle ◽  
Microtubule Organization ◽  
Reciprocal Regulation ◽  
Auditory Hair Cells ◽  
Pcp Signaling

AbstractIn the inner ear sensory epithelia, hair bundles atop sensory hair cells are mechanosensory apparati with planar polarized structure and orientation. This is established during development by the concerted action of tissue-level planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling and a hair cell-intrinsic, microtubule-mediated machinery. However, how various polarity signals are integrated during hair bundle morphogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we show that the conserved cell polarity protein Par3 plays a key role in planar polarization of hair cells. Par3 deletion in the inner ear resulted in defects in cochlear length, hair bundle orientation and kinocilium positioning. During PCP establishment, Par3 promotes localized Rac-Pak signaling through an interaction with Tiam1. Par3 regulates microtubule dynamics and organization, which is crucial for basal body positioning. Moreover, there is reciprocal regulation of Par3 and the core PCP molecule Vangl2. Thus, we conclude that Par3 is an effector and integrator of cell-intrinsic and tissue-level PCP signaling.One sentence summaryPar3 regulates planar polarity of auditory hair cells

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