A contribuição dos museus para a institucionalização e difusão da paleontologia

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-167
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Maciel Vieira ◽  
Mariana Gonzalez Leandro Novaes ◽  
Juliana Da Silva Matos ◽  
Ana Carolina Gelmini Faria ◽  
Deusana Maria da Costa Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
North American ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
The North ◽  
Contemporary Development

Since the calls "cabinets of curiosities", the essence of natural history was consolidating itself with the birth of the museums and the development of the Museums of Natural History. This consolidation was reached through following activities: expeditions, field trips, collection classification works, catalogues of diffusion of scientific knowledge, educativ activities and expositions. The present paper intends to discuss the importance of the museal institutions for the studies of Paleontology; since the museums of Natural History had exerted a pioneering paper in the institutionalization of certain areas of knowledge, as Palaeontology, Anthropology and Experimental Physiology, in Brazil. The Paleontological studies in museums had collaborated in the specialization and modernization of the appearance of "new museum idea". As this new concept the museum is a space of diffusion of scientific knowledge, represented as an object that reflects the identity of the society without an obligator linking with physical constructions. However, the Brazilian museums have been sufficiently obsolete, with problems that involve acquisition and maintenance of collections to production of temporary or permanent exhibitions. When the Brazilian institutions of natural history are analyzed they are not organized on the new museum conception and the digital age as the North American and European ones. Despite the difficulties found by the Museums since its birth as Institution in the 18th century, the contemporary development of Museology and Palaeontology as Science had contributed for the consolidation and institutionalization of both, helping the diffusion of scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals Contribution to a Knowledge of the North American Fresh-water Ostracoda Included in the Families Cytheridae and Cyprididae

1897 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-15) ◽  
pp. 415-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
North American ◽  
Illinois River ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Master Of Science ◽  
Biological Station ◽  
The North ◽  
The University

The present paper has been prepared in the course of work at the University of Illinois for the degree of master of science in zoology. In addition to extensive collections of Entomostraca made at the Biological Station of the University of Illinois, situated at Havana, on the Illinois River, I have been able, through the kindness of Dr. S. A. Forbes, to examine all the accumulations in this group made by the Illinois State Laboratoryof Natural History during the last twenty years,and covering a territory little less than continental.

scholarly journals II.—Notes on Fossil Ostracoda from the Post-Tertiary Deposits of Canada and New England

1871 ◽  
Vol 8 (80) ◽  
pp. 60-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Stewardson Brady ◽  
H. W. Crosskey
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
New England ◽  
North American ◽  
The North

We are indebted for the material from which the following notes have been compiled to Principal Dawson, of Montreal, and to the Secretary of the Portland Society of Natural History, to whom our best thanks are due for the opportunity thus afforded us of comparing the fossils of the North American Clay Beds with those of our own country. By carefully washing theclays kindly forwarded to us, we have obtained many specimens in excellent condition for examination.

Symposium on comparative biology and its bearing on Phanerozoic patterns of evolution: an introduction

Paleobiology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-287
Author(s):  
Melissa Clark Rhodes ◽  
Geerat J. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Functional Morphology ◽  
North American ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Comparative Biology ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Comparative Physiology ◽  
Field Museum ◽  
The North ◽  
The Subject

Evolution does not occur in a vacuum. It takes place against a background of changing conditions, some of a climatic or tectonic nature, some created by organisms themselves. The extent to which the rate and direction of evolution are controlled by organisms is the central question in a debate that has been raging for as long as evolution has been part of the intellectual vocabulary of scientists. In an effort to stimulate empirical work on the subject, we organized a symposium on the contributions that functional morphology and comparative physiology are making to paleobiology. The symposium was held as part of the North American Paleontological Convention on July 1, 1992, at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. This issue of Paleobiology contains all the submitted and accepted papers presented at the symposium.

scholarly journals Reevaluation and taxonomic clarification ofGigantopteridiumandCathaysiopterisof western equatorial Pangea and their biogeographical significance

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Koll ◽  
William A. DiMichele ◽  
Steven R. Manchester
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
North American ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The North ◽  
The Us ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA reassessment of the taxonomic relationships of North American gigantopterids is presented in light of an examination of large populations of specimens housed in the US National Museum of Natural History. Variations in venation and subtle aspects of leaf shape facilitate refined understanding of the relationships and diversity of the North American gigantopterid species leading to an improved understanding of the taxonomic and biogeographic relationships of this group, which are found most abundantly in western equatorial Pangea and Cathaysia. Current literature suggests that there are eight North American genera, however, this study has revealed a morphological overlap of several previously defined genera, leading to the conclusion thatGigantopteridiumencompasses the species previously treated asCathaysiopteris yochelsoniias well as a new species,Gigantopteridium utebaturianum. The transfer ofC.yochelsoniitoGigantopteridium yochelsoniisuggests thatCathaysiopterismay represent a genus endemic to Cathaysia, limiting the biogeographical connection between the regions toZeilleropteris,Gigantopteridium,Euparyphoselis, andGigantonoclea.

scholarly journals Romanticism in the North American Short Story

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefanía Sánchez Auñón
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Herman Melville ◽  
North American ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Romantic Movement ◽  
Multiple Characteristics ◽  
Bartleby The Scrivener ◽  
American Romanticism ◽  
Rip Van Winkle

El Romanticismo fue un movimiento extremadamente influyente que surgió a finales del siglo 18 y que tuvo un gran impacto en varias áreas, incluida la literatura. Innumerables escritores han representado en sus obras características esenciales del Romanticismo como la representación de horror y emociones intensas, el uso de entornos naturales exóticos y salvajes, el nacionalismo, el individualismo, la mente humana, y el simbolismo, entre muchas otras. En este artículo, se muestra cómo el Romanticismo influyó, en concreto, la narrativa breve norteamericana analizando cinco obras: “Rip Van Winkle,” de Washington Irving; “The Minister’s Black Veil,” de Nathaniel Hawthorne; “Bartleby, the Scrivener,” de Herman Melville; y “The Minister’s Black Veil” y “The Tell-Tale Heart,” de Edgar Allan Poe. Los resultados que se han obtenido de este análisis han demostrado que estas cinco historias breves se pueden considerar trabajos románticos porque reflejan múltiples características del Romanticismo. De hecho, estos autores retratan las peculiaridades de los dos sub-campos más importantes del Romanticismo Americano conocidos como “Romanticismo Claro” y “Romanticismo Oscuro.” Romanticism was an extremely influential movement which flourished at the end of the 18th century and which had a huge impact on various areas, including literature. Countless writers have represented in their works key Romantic features such as the depiction of horror and intense emotions, the use of exotic and wild natural settings, nationalism, individualism, the reproduction of the human psyche, and symbolism, among many others. In this paper, it is shown how the Romantic Movement influenced, more specifically, the North American short story by analysing five works: Washington Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle,” Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “The Minister’s Black Veil,” Herman Melville’s “Bartleby, the Scrivener,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Masque of the Red Death” and “The Tell-Tale Heart.” The results which have been obtained from this analysis have demonstrated that these five short stories can be considered as Romantic works because they reflect multiple characteristics of the Romantic Movement. In fact, these writers portray the peculiarities of the most important subfields of American Romanticism, which are known as “Light Romanticism” and “Dark Romanticism.”

Haskalah scientific knowledge in Hebrew garment

Target ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tal Kogman
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Target System ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
German Jewish ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Constraints

Scientific texts for Jewish children and youth were produced within the German-Jewish culture from the end of the 18th century and throughout the 19th century. The intention was to fill in the gap in the Judaic literature in Hebrew vis-à-vis the German-Christian literary and educational systems as part of modernization processes. Two case studies of German-Hebrew scientific translations (in natural history and astronomy) are described in an attempt to illustrate the strategies applied by the Jewish translators, which in their turn reflect the cultural constraints they faced and the creative ways they chose to deal with them, taking into account the models already available to the target system and the types of target audience the translated texts were intended for.

Piracy in Colonial North America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New England ◽  
North American ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
British North America ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
British North American

Historians of colonial British North America have largely relegated piracy to the marginalia of the broad historical narrative from settlement to revolution. However, piracy and unregulated privateering played a pivotal role in the development of every English community along the eastern seaboard from the Carolinas to New England. Although many pirates originated in the British North American colonies and represented a diverse social spectrum, they were not supported and protected in these port communities by some underclass or proto-proletariat but by the highest echelons of colonial society, especially by colonial governors, merchants, and even ministers. Sea marauding in its multiple forms helped shape the economic, legal, political, religious, and cultural worlds of colonial America. The illicit market that brought longed-for bullion, slaves, and luxury goods integrated British North American communities with the Caribbean, West Africa, and the Pacific and Indian Oceans throughout the 17th century. Attempts to curb the support of sea marauding at the turn of the 18th century exposed sometimes violent divisions between local merchant interests and royal officials currying favor back in England, leading to debates over the protection of English liberties across the Atlantic. When the North American colonies finally closed their ports to English pirates during the years following the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), it sparked a brief yet dramatic turn of events where English marauders preyed upon the shipping belonging to their former “nests.” During the 18th century, colonial communities began to actively support a more regulated form of privateering against agreed upon enemies that would become a hallmark of patriot maritime warfare during the American Revolution.

scholarly journals III. On some Foraminifera from the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, including Davis Strait and Baffin Bay

1864 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 239-240
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North American ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
External Relationships ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
First Time

Having received specimens of sea-bottom, by favour of friends, from Baffin Bay (soundings taken in one of Sir E. Parry’s expeditions), from the Hunde Islands in Davis Strait (dredgings by Dr. P. C. Sutherland), from the coast of Norway (dredgings by Messrs. M‘Andrew and Barrett), and from the whole width of the North Atlantic (soundings by Commander Dayman), the authors have been enabled to form a tolerably correct esti­mate of the range and respective abundance of several species of Foraminifera in the Northern seas; and the more perfectly by taking Professor Williamson’s and Mr. H. B. Brady’s researches in British Foraminifera as supplying the means of estimating the Foraminiferal fauna of the shallower sea-zones at the eastern end of the great “Celtic Province,” and the less perfect researches of Professor Bailey on the North American coast, for the opposite, or “Virginian” end,—thus presenting for the first time the whole of a Foraminiferal fauna as a natural-history group, with its internal and external relationships.

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