scholarly journals Biosyngas Utilization in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells With Ni∕GDC Anodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Ouweltjes ◽  
P. V. Aravind ◽  
N. Woudstra ◽  
G. Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Fuel Composition ◽  
Methane Reforming ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oxidation Of Hydrogen ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
The Impact

The combination of biomass gasification systems with fuel cells promises adequate systems for sustainable, decentralized energy conversion. Especially high temperature fuel cells are suited for this task because of their higher tolerance to impurities, their internal steam reforming potential, and favorable thermal integration possibilities. This paper presents the results of biosyngas utilization in solid oxide fuel cells with Ni∕GDC anodes at 850 and 920°C. The relation between the fuel composition and the electrochemical performance is discussed, as well as the impact of sulfur up to a concentration of 9ppmH2S. The investigations have made clear that Ni∕GDC anodes can be operated within a wide range of biosyngas compositions. Sulfur has appeared to deactivate the anode for methane reforming. The oxidation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide are insensitive to sulfur, suggesting that both nickel and GDC are active electrocatalysts.

Effects of Mass Transport on the Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Composite Electrodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cannarozzo ◽  
Simone Grosso ◽  
Gerry Agnew ◽  
Adriana Del Borghi ◽  
Paola Costamagna
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Mass Transport ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Transport Equations ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
The Impact

Composite electrodes are of great interest in the field of solid oxide fuel cells because their use can improve the performance of these cells. However, an important correlation exists between composition, microstructure, and thickness of an electrode and its performance. This correlation has been investigated in this work using a theoretical model. The model, in order to consider all the losses occurring in an electrode, includes Ohm’s law for ionic and electronic charge transport, and the Butler-Volmer equation to evaluate the activation polarizations, and mass transport equations, taking into account diffusion through porous media, to evaluate the concentration losses. The model shows that the best electrode performance is a trade-off between activation and concentration losses. This is because a decrease in the dimensions of the particles or an increase in its thickness result, on the one hand, in a reduction of the activation polarizations, because of a larger active area for the electrochemical reaction, and, on the other hand, in an increase in the concentration losses due to a more difficult gas diffusion. In particular, in order to understand the impact of concentration losses on the performance of composite electrodes, the simulations have been run with two models, one including and the other one neglecting the mass transport equations. The results show that concentration losses play a role only with thick electrodes composed of small particles, operating at high fuel utilization.

The impact of physicochemical properties of coal on direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (41) ◽  
pp. 18872-18883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Dudek ◽  
Marek Skrzypkiewicz ◽  
Norbert Moskała ◽  
Przemysław Grzywacz ◽  
Maciej Sitarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
The Impact

Numerical Simulations of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Operating on Coal Syngas: A Parametric Study

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Elizalde-Blancas ◽  
S. Raju Pakalapati ◽  
F. Nihan Cayan ◽  
Ismail B. Celik
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Coal Syngas ◽  
Internal Reforming ◽  
Wide Range

Fuel cells are considered to be one of the main sources of future power supply around the world because of their many desirable features; technology virtually free of pollution, the ability to use alternative fuels other than fossil fuels, and higher efficiencies than combustion engines. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) can operate on a wide range of fuels, particularly with coal syngas. However, several issues have to be solved before SOFC’s operating on coal syngas can be introduced into the market as a reliable and cost viable technology. Numerical simulations can be used in conjunction with experiments to assist in resolution of such barriers. In the present work, a three-dimensional model is used to study the performance of a SOFC running on coal syngas operating at various conditions. The code is capable of simulating several species in the fuel stream, such as methane, steam, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide. Due to the presence of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, simultaneous electrochemical oxidation of both fuels is considered. Internal reforming and water gas shift reaction are other processes that are taken into account. Simulations of typical anode-supported button cells are performed to assess the effects of cell operating temperature, fuel composition and CO electrochemistry on the performance of the button SOFCs.

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