Field Experiments in Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

Large scale field experiments in aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) were conducted between September, 1976, and November, 1982. Volumes of 7,700 m3, 54,800 m3, 58,000 m3, 24,400 m3, 58,000 m3, and 58,680 m3 were injected at average temperatures of 35.0° C, 55.0° C, 55.0° C, 58.5° C, 81.0° C, and 79.0° C, respectively, in an aquifer with ambient temperature of 20.0° C. Based on recovery volumes equal to the injection volumes, the respective energy recovery efficiencies were 69, 65, 74, 56, 45, and 42 percent. Primary factors in reduction of efficiency were aquifer nonhomogeneity and especially convection due to buoyancy of the injection volumes.

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Aquifer thermal energy storage: A numerical simulation of field experiments in China

Water Resources Research ◽

10.1029/wr026i010p02365 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 2365-2375 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Yuqun Xue ◽

Chunhong Xie ◽

Qingfen Li

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Energy Storage ◽

Thermal Energy ◽

Thermal Energy Storage ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

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Optimized Energy Recovery in Line With Balancing of an ATES

Volume 2: Simple and Combined Cycles; Advanced Energy Systems and Renewables (Wind, Solar and Geothermal); Energy Water Nexus; Thermal Hydraulics and CFD; Nuclear Plant Design, Licensing and Construction; Performance Testing and Performance Test Codes; Student Paper Competition ◽

10.1115/power2014-32017 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mohammadreza Behi ◽

Seyed Aliakbar Mirmohammadi ◽

Alexander B. Suma ◽

Björn E. Palm

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Cost Saving ◽

Thermal Energy ◽

Thermal Energy Storage ◽

Energy Cost ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

International Energy Agency ◽

Imbalance Problem ◽

Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

The present study explores the potential imbalance problem of the Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) system at the Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) campus, Eindhoven. This ATES is one of the largest European aquifer thermal energy storage systems, and has a seasonal imbalance problem. Reasons for this issue may be the high cooling demand from laboratories, office buildings and the direct ATES cooling system. Annually, cooling towers use on average 250 MWh electricity for the removal of about 5 GWh of excess heat from the ATES to the surroundings. In addition, the TU/e uses a large amount of natural gas for heating purposes and especially for peak supplies. Recovering the surplus heat of the ATES, a CO2 Trans-critical Heat Pump (HP) system to cover particularly peak demands and total heating demand is proposed, modeled and optimized. The model is validated using data from International Energy Agency. Based on simulation results, 708294 nm3 of natural gas are saved where two different scenarios were considered for the ATES efficiency, cost saving and green house gas reduction. In scenario I, the COP of the ATES increased up to 50% by which K€ 303.3 energy cost and 1288.5 ton CO2 are saved annually. On the other hand, it will be shown that the ATES COP in Scenario II will improve up to 20%. In addition, the proposed energy recovery system results in a 606 ton CO2 -reduction and K€152.7 energy cost saving for the university each year.

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Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage in Finland

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1988.0084 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 75-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Iihola ◽

T. Ala-Peijari ◽

H. Seppänen

Keyword(s):

Energy Storage ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Thermal Energy ◽

Thermal Energy Storage ◽

Large Scale ◽

International Energy Agency ◽

Energy Agency ◽

Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage ◽

Rapid Changes ◽

New Ideas

The rapid changes and crises in the field of energy during the 1970s and 1980s have forced us to examine the use of energy more critically and to look for new ideas. Seasonal aquifer thermal energy storage (T < 100°C) on a large scale is one of the grey areas which have not yet been extensively explored. However, projects are currently underway in a dozen countries. In Finland there have been three demonstration projects from 1974 to 1987. International co-operation under the auspices of the International Energy Agency, Annex VI, ‘Environmental and Chemical Aspects of Thermal Energy Storage in Aquifers and Research and Development of Water Treatment Methods' started in 1987. The research being undertaken in 8 countries includes several elements fundamental to hydrochemistry and biochemistry.

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