Conversion System for Grid-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Grid Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Marinho ◽  
Miguel Chaves ◽  
Paulo Gambôa ◽  
José Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Inverter ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Conversion System ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow

Abstract The increasing use of electrical vehicles aroused the problem of batteries charging and the consequent interface with the power grid. Commercial charging solutions are mostly based on unidirectional power flow converters; however, bidirectional power flow converters are an interesting solution when considering smart microgrid applications, with benefits in efficient energy use. In this context, the paper presents a bidirectional power flow converter for grid-to-vehicle (G2V) or vehicle-to-grid (V2G) applications. The conversion system is based on a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI), which assures the grid connection with a unitary power factor. The direct current (DC) bus of the voltage source inverter is connected to a DC/DC converter that controls the battery power flow. This conversion system can operate in G2V mode when charging the battery or in V2G mode when working as an energy storage system and the power flow is from the battery to the power grid. The conversion system model is presented as well as the control strategy proposed. Simulation and experimental results showing voltages and currents in the circuit are also presented.

scholarly journals Coordinated Control System between Grid–VSC and a DC Microgrid with Hybrid Energy Storage System

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 2699
Author(s):  
Miguel Montilla-DJesus ◽  
Édinson Franco-Mejía ◽  
Edwin Rivas Trujillo ◽  
José Luis Rodriguez-Amenedo ◽  
Santiago Arnaltes
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Converter ◽  
Dc Microgrid

Direct current microgrids (DCMGs) are currently presented as an alternative solution for small systems that feed sensitive electrical loads into DC. According to the scientific literature, DCMG maintains good voltage regulation. However, when the system is in islanded mode, very pronounced voltage variations are presented, compromising the system’s ability to achieve reliable and stable energy management. Therefore, the authors propose a solution, connecting the electrical network through a grid-tied voltage source converter (GVSC) in order to reduce voltage variations. A coordinated control strategy between the DCMG and GVSC is proposed to regulate the DC voltage and find a stable power flow between the various active elements, which feed the load. The results show that the control strategy between the GVSC and DCMG, when tested under different disturbances, improves the performance of the system, making it more reliable and stable. Furthermore, the GVSC supports the AC voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) without reducing the operating capacity of the DCMG and without exceeding even its most restrictive limit. All simulations were carried out in MATLAB 2020.

scholarly journals Autonomous SEIG in a small wind power plant with voltage and frequency control

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azzeddine Benlamoudi ◽  
Rachid Abdessemed
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Conversion System ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
Frequency Controller ◽  
Voltage Sourced Converter

This paper deals with the application of an autonomous Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) in a small wind power conversion system (WPCS). Such conversion system has capability to supply power demand of the loads with constant voltage and frequency, for which a power managing method is proposed. Voltage Sourced Converter (VSC) along with Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is used to handle power flow between the SEIG and loads. The proposed control scheme, using a single voltage closed-loop control, is found to be suitable to regulate both voltage and frequency. The WPCS is modelled in MATLAB/Simulink and Power System Block-set (PSB). Simulation results show that Voltage Frequency Controller (VFC) has ability to keep the voltage and frequency constant in spite of perturbations.

Design of an energy storage system based on vanadium redox flow battery considering a simplified model of VRB

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiazhi Lei ◽  
Qingwu Gong ◽  
Jun Ye
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow ◽  
Vanadium Redox

Purpose This paper aims to propose a simplified model of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs) for VRB energy storage system (ESS) design considering the operational characteristics of VRB, and a VRB ESS, considering the low terminal voltage of VRB, was presented. Design/methodology/approach According to the designed topology of VRB ESS and the simplified model of VRB, a small perturbation analysis method was used to establish the transfer function of VRB ESS, and the controller parameters of VRB ESS under constant charging and discharging current were designed. Findings Test results have demonstrated that this designed VRB ESS has fast response, small overshoot, strong adaptation and high steady precision, which strongly verified the reasonable design. Practical implications This simplified model of VRB can be suitably used for VRB ESS design. This designed VRB ESS realized the bidirectional power flow of VRB and AC grid. In this designed VRB ESS, phase-shifted full-bridge converter and a single-phase inverter were used and VRB was charged and discharged under constant current. Originality/value The paper presents a topology of VRB ESS which can realize the bidirectional power flow of VRB and AC grid. Considering the complexity of VRB model, a simplified model of VRB was proposed for the controller parameters design of VRB ESS, and this method can be used in application.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Power Flow Control of a Multi Input Converter for Energy Storage System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang ◽  
Lin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Transfer Energy ◽  
Power Flow Control ◽  
Control Capability ◽  
Detailed Circuit ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow

The objective of this paper is to propose a multi-input DC-DC converter with bidirectional power flow control capability. Compared to the traditional power converter, the multi-input converter (MIC) can save on the number of components and the circuit cost. Under normal conditions, the MIC is able to transfer energy from different input sources to the load. However, if the battery module is adopted, both the charging or discharging features should be considered. Therefore, the bidirectional power flow control of the MIC is necessary. On the other hand, because of the inconsistency characteristics of batteries, unbalanced circuit operation might occur whereby the circuit and the battery might be damaged. Therefore, dynamic current regulation strategies are developed for the MIC. Consequently, the proposed MIC circuit is able to achieve the bidirectional power flow control capability as well as control the input currents independently. Detailed circuit analysis and comprehensive mathematical derivation and of the proposed MIC will be presented in this paper. Finally, both simulation and experimental results obtained from a 500 W prototype circuit verify the performance and feasibility of the proposed bidirectional multi-input converter.

Energy-Saving Reversible Electric Drive Based on Active Front End Rectifier and Voltage Source Inverter

2014 ◽  
Vol 698 ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Radionov ◽  
A.S. Maklakov ◽  
E.A. Karyakina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Inverter ◽  
Front End ◽  
Bidirectional Power Flow

This paper addresses the issue of functional possibilities of reversible electric drive based on active front end rectifier and voltage source inverter from the point of view of energy saving. This paper will review all theoretical capabilities of reactive power compensation in the supply mains by the active front end rectifiers. The reactive power consumption or generation can be created out by using of active front end converters which connect the electric drive with supply mains. Active front end rectifiers can be actively used in operation of supply mains of enterprise as they are able to provide controlled power factor and bidirectional power flow. The studies by mathematical modeling in the Matlab/Simulink program were carried out. It was established that the controlling of power factor of active front end rectifier can be used for reactive power compensation in supply mains. The huge prospects of energy-saving reversible electric drive integration to the Smart Grid have been determined as it is able to provide high power and capabilities of the controlling reactive power flow by means of active front end rectifier. It can reduce a share of the consumption reactive power from a substation and to improve the power quality.

scholarly journals Control Analysis of Stand-Alone Wind Power Supply System with Three Phase PWM Voltage Source Inverter and Boost Converter

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Tin Zar Khaing ◽  
Lwin Za Kyin
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Inverter ◽  
Battery Energy

Wind power supply system is an effective, environmentally friendly power source for household and other applications. According to the wind speed changes in variation the output power of wind generator is not stable and constant. This paper proposes the variable speed stand-alone wind power supply system that includes Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator, three phase diode rectifier, DC-DC boost converter, battery energy storage system, and voltage source inverter. DC-DC boost converter controls to extract maximum power from the available wind power. Battery energy storage system through bidirectional converter is to supply the load when wind power is shortage. To get the desired output voltage and frequency at the load side, the voltage source inverter with the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) control technique has chosen. The harmonics generated from the VSI are filtered with simple passive LC filters.  Simulation results of output voltages and currents, the total harmonic distortion (THD) are presented using MATLAB/Simulink.

scholarly journals An Optimized Algorithm and Test Bed for Improvement of Efficiency of ESS and Energy Use

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Mo Je ◽  
Jun-Ho Huh
Keyword(s):  
Greedy Algorithm ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
C Language ◽  
Improvement Plan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Greedy Algorithm

The Republic of Korea (ROK) has four distinct seasons. Such an environment provides many benefits, but also brings some major problems when using new and renewable energies. The rainy season or typhoons in summer become the main causes of inconsistent production rates of these energies, and this would become a fatal weakness in supplying stable power to the industries running continuously, such as the aquaculture industry. This study proposed an improvement plan for the efficiency of Energy Storage System (ESS) and energy use. Use of sodium-ion batteries is suggested to overcome the disadvantages of lithium-ion batteries, which are dominant in the current market; a greedy algorithm and the Floyd–Warshall algorithm were also proposed as a method of scheduling energy use considering the elements that could affect communication output and energy use. Some significant correlations between communication output and energy efficiency have been identified through the OPNET-based simulations. The simulation results showed that the greedy algorithm was more efficient. This algorithm was then implemented with C-language to apply it to the Test Bed developed in the previous study. The results of the Test Bed experiment supported the proposals.

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