PIPE GIRTH WELDS UNDER PLASTIC STRAINING: FULL-SCALE TESTING AND STRAIN-BASED APPROACHES

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Guiyi Wu ◽  
Longjie Wang ◽  
Tyler London ◽  
Henryk Pisarski
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Full Scale Testing

Ultra Heavy Wall Linepipe X65: Full Scale Severe Straining Sequences of Pipeline Strings

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Di Vito ◽  
Antonio Lucci ◽  
Stefano Amato ◽  
Gianluca Mannucci ◽  
Federico Tintori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Strain ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Sample Length ◽  
Axial Deformation ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Aggressive Environment ◽  
X65 Steel ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Full Scale Testing

Tenaris and Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM) are carrying out a Joint Industrial Project aimed at developing heavy wall line pipes. The suitability for very severe applications, involving high service pressures and temperatures, the latter causing large strain fluctuations, in presence of an aggressive sour environment, is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally, including small and full pipe models and tests. The full project program aims at developing a new generation heavy wall product, supported by a comprehensive laboratory analysis of the material response under severe mechanical loading in aggressive environment and a full scale testing program, including both pipe and girth weld. Both investigations are mainly addressed to basic understanding of impact on design criteria of interaction between severe loading and aggressive environment. Four papers, [2], [3], [4] and [5], have been already presented, in previous OMAE conferences, on this project. The present paper focusses on the full scale testing performed on strings of pipeline consisting of different pieces of pipe. In particular, two full scale testing have been performed applying the severe straining sequence defined as extreme in term of resistance against ratcheting, also involving plastic straining, as deduced in a previous work inside the project. The loading sequence was applied in global strain control, averaged on the whole string length, but necessarily the local distributions of strain differs in the three pieces of pipe. Analytical considerations are done about the expected straining behaviour and experimental results confirmed the theoretical considerations. The high strain hardening capability of the X65 steel pipes, metallurgically designed for strain based applications, guaranteed a good recovery of any non-homogeneity in straining, both during cycling that in larger axial deformation of the string. During severe cycling in elastic-plastic regime in presence of pipe internal pressure, the strings demonstrated good resistance to ratcheting. In fact, due to the material capability to redistribute the cycling strains along the whole sample length, any section experienced limited ratcheting with unreversed circumferential expansion, during cycling, well within limits of tolerability. It is worth noting that, even in presence of severe cycling conditions, both on-shore type girth welds (SAW for double joint) and off-shore type (GMAW in Narrow Groove Bevel Preparation) preserved their integrity with no cracking or other damage.

Full-scale testing of a high speed linear synchronous motor and calculation of end-effects

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 2892-2894 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Eastham ◽  
M.J. Balchin ◽  
P.C. Coles
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Synchronous Motor ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
End Effects ◽  
Linear Synchronous Motor ◽  
Full Scale Testing

Fatigue Crack Growth at Electrical Resistance Welding Seam of API 5L X-70 Steel Line Pipe at Varied Orientations

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Taylor ◽  
Sreekanta Das ◽  
Laurie Collins ◽  
Muhammad Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Weld Seam ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Resistance Welding ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Full Scale Testing

Very few studies have been conducted concerning fatigue in steel line pipe and fewer using full-scale testing. Further, at the time of this study, no research on full-scale testing was available in open literature regarding fatigue behavior of line pipe with longitudinal cracks, despite being considered more critical than the line pipe with cracks oriented in the circumferential direction. In the current research work, fatigue crack growth was investigated in NPS 20, API 5L X-70 grade, electrical resistance welding (ERW) straight-seam steel line pipes in the base metal and at the weld seam for various orientations. It was found that there was no significant difference between fatigue crack growth in the base metal and at the weld seam for the tested stress ratio. Increasing the angle of inclination of the crack with respect to the weld line was found to decrease the rate of fatigue crack growth due to a decrease in the mode I stress component. Finally, it was observed that despite the difference in fatigue crack growth rates, the crack aspect ratios were nearly identical for all cracks at the same crack depth.

Design and Full-Scale Testing of M50/P1 Bolt-Down Removeable Bollard System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (41) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
William F. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Shallow Foundations ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Crash Testing ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Base Plates ◽  
Full Scale Testing

The purpose of this project was to design and test a new bolt-down bollard system that meets the requirements of American Standards for Testing Materials (ASTM) Designation F2656-15 M50/P1 impact conditions. The test installation consisted of three vertical 10-in. diameter (nominal) bollards with welded base plates bolted to a shallow reinforced concrete foundation. The foundation for this system was sized to reduce the foundation embedment. Shallow foundations are often necessary for use in cities and urban areas where utilities can conflict with deeper foundations. Standard common members and materials were used in the installation to accommodate fabrication and installation in locations all over the world. The bollards can be removed to provide access if necessary. Full-scale testing was performed on the bolt-down bollard system. The bollard system design for this project successfully met the requirements of M50/P1 with a total payload penetration of less than 1 m. The new bollard design successfully met all the performance requirements for ASTM F2656-15 M50/P1. Details of the design and testing of the bolt-down bollard system are provided in this paper. Crash-testing videos and additional information on the design and full-scale testing will be provided in the presentation.

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