Research on the Reuse of Discharged Soil from EBP Shield Tunnels in Synchronous Grouting Material

Great practical significance and engineering application value can be achieved when the large amount of discharged soil produced by EPB shield tunnels is recycled and comprehensively utilized. As one of the key processes of shield construction, synchronous grouting needs a large amount of bentonite, cement, fly ash, sand, and other materials. The research on the reuse of shield muck as synchronous grouting material is carried out based on Zhengzhou subway project. The physical properties and phase of the discharged soil from EPB shield tunnels are studied by using laboratory tests and XRD. The statistics show that the shield muck meets the performance requirements of bentonite and fine sand in synchronous grouting materials. The optimal grout ratio of the reused muck is obtained based on the optimization idea of multiobjective programming by MATLAB. Considering the combined effect of seepage field, stress field, and the timeliness of the grout, the influences of grouting pressure and the filling rate of synchronous grouting on surface settlement, plastic zone of strata, and segment deformation are analyzed by using finite difference method. The results prove that the surface settlement and segment deformation can be better controlled when the grouting pressure is at 0.18 MPa and the grouting rate is at 120%–150%.

Cost Efficient GPU Cluster Management for Training and Inference of Deep Learning

Expanding the scale of GPU-based deep learning (DL) clusters would bring not only accelerated AI services but also significant energy consumption costs. In this paper, we propose a cost efficient deep learning job allocation (CE-DLA) approach minimizing the energy consumption cost for the DL cluster operation while guaranteeing the performance requirements of user requests. To do this, we first categorize the DL jobs into two classes: training jobs and inference jobs. Through the architecture-agnostic modeling, our CE-DLA approach is able to conduct the delicate mapping of heterogeneous DL jobs to GPU computing nodes. Second, we design the electricity price-aware DL job allocation so as to minimize the energy consumption cost of the cluster. We show that our approach efficiently avoids the peak-rate time slots of the GPU computing nodes by using the sophisticated mixed-integer nonlinear problem (MINLP) formulation. We additionally integrate the dynamic right-sizing (DRS) method with our CE-DLA approach, so as to minimize the energy consumption of idle nodes having no running job. In order to investigate the realistic behavior of our approach, we measure the actual output from the NVIDIA-based GPU devices with well-known deep neural network (DNN) models. Given the real trace data of the electricity price, we show that the CE-DLA approach outperforms the competitors in views of both the energy consumption cost and the performance for DL job processing.

Analysis of the Powertrain Component Size of Electrified Vehicles Commercially Available on the Market

The paper aims to present an analysis of the component sizes of commercially available vehicles with electrified powertrains. The paper provides insight into how the powertrain components (an internal combustion engine, an electric motor and a battery) of mass production electrified vehicles are sized. The data of wide range of mass production electrified vehicles are collected and analyzed. Firstly, the main requirements to performance of a vehicle are described. The power values to meet the main performance requirements are calculated and compared to the real vehicle data. Based on the calculated values of the power requirements the minimum sizes of the powertrain components are derived. The paper highlights how the sizing methodologies, described in the research literature, are implemented in sizing the powertrain of the commercially available electrified vehicles.

Reduction of Core-loss in the High Frequency Band of the Fe-Si-Cr Crystalline Alloy According to Particle Size

In order for soft magnetic composites (SMCs) to achieve the high-performance requirements expected of them even at high frequencies, high permeability and low core-loss are required. In this study, we used different sizes of gas atomized Fe-Si-Cr alloy powder to produce SMCs, this alloy has higher resistivity than existing materials used in SMCs such as Fe-Si alloy or pure Fe. These powders were prepared by sieving raw materials which had an average size from less than 25 µm to over 63 µm. Our experiments show that as particle size decreases, the magnetic saturation tends to increase, the sample made from the powder with particles 25-38 µm in size recorded the highest magnetic saturation of 169.38 emu/g. Additionally, as particle size decreased, permeability increased. The sample made from powder with particles under 25 µm had a permeability of 20.7 H/m at 1 MHz. Also, the relationship between particle size and quality factor was found to be inversely proportional. Finally, the minimum core-loss was 187.26 kW/m3 at 1 MHz for the sample made from powder whose constituent particles are under 25 µm. We also observed that the core-loss is proportional to particle size.

Análise da deformação na prótese femoral não cimentada do quadril pelo método de elementos finitos – Influência da variabilidade do posicionamento angular do implante

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a influência da variação do posicionamento da prótese femoral do quadril na tensão e na deformação produzidas neste implante. Métodos Utilizou-se a análise de tensão e de deformação da prótese femoral (Taper, Víncula, Rio Claro, SP, Brasil) pelo método de elementos finitos (MEF) de acordo com a norma ISO 7206-6 Implants for surgery - Partial and total hip joint prostheses–Part 6: Endurance properties testing and performance requirements of neck region of stemmed femoral components. A análise propôs uma ramificação do ensaio físico, com variação da angulação de +/− 5° sobre a proposta normativa das variáveis α e β. Resultados Ao comparar com a deformação controle, houve significância estatística com a angulação isolada de +/− 5° do ângulo α, bem como com a associação de +/− 5° nas angulações α e β (p = 0,027 e 0,021, respectivamente). Já com a variação apenas do ângulo β, não houve variação significativa na deformação da prótese (p = 0,128). A posição da haste com maior deformação no implante foi com α = 5° e β = 14° (p = 0,032). Conclusão A variabilidade de posicionamento da haste femoral protética de +/− 5° no plano coronal e/ou a associação da angulação de +/− 5° nos planos coronal e sagital interferiu de forma significativa na deformação do implante.

Features of Futurism Performance on the Example of the Works ‘Luna, Lussuria e Velocita’ in Ilkham Nazarov’s Interpretation

The purpose of the study is to determine the vocal performance characteristics of the ‘Luna, Lussuria e Velocita’ work, written in the style of futurism in the interpretation of I. Nazarov, taking into account the peculiarities of the timbre of his voice. ‘Luna, Lussuria e Velocita’ is written in the futuristic style and is intended for bass/countertenor and electronic musical instruments. The purpose of the research is to determine the features of the vocal performance of the ‘Luna, Lussuria e Velocita’ work composed in the style of futurism, taking into account the features of I. Nazarov's voice timbre. The research methodology is based on the use of music analytical, historical and theoretical analysis methods. The analysis of vocal performance given in the research was carried out based on the note presented by the composer and the video material performed by I. Nazarov. At the same time, a number of scientific literature on futurism was referred to. The scientific novelty of the research is that the work of Italian composer S. Muscaritolo ‘Luna, Lussuria e Velocita’ was involved in the study for the first time. The work is designed for two registers (bass/countertenor) and is composed in the style of futurism, which characterizes its scientific novelty. The work uses non-traditional playing methods for bass and countertenor. In the research, the research of vocal performance methods used by I.Nazarov during the performance was carried out for the first time. Conclusions. I.Nazarov is the first and only singer in the history of Azerbaijani music culture with a countertenor voice and boundless vocal technique. Not only Azerbaijani but also European composers create works of various genres in accordance with the possibilities of his voice. These works are new due to their features and performance requirements. In ‘Luna, Lussuria e Velocita’ I. Nazarov showed himself as a singer with high technical capabilities, able to perfectly control both the baritone and countertenor sound timbre. The singer expanded the possibilities of performing the countertenor sound timbre, which gave rise to the assessment of the sound timbre from a new position.