Development of Dynamic Modeling Tools for Solid Oxide and Molten Carbonate Hybrid Fuel Cell Gas Turbine Systems

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall S. Gemmen ◽  
Eric Liese ◽  
Jose G. Rivera ◽  
Faryar Jabbari ◽  
Jacob Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Modeling Tools

This paper describes some generic solid oxide and molten carbonate hybrid fuel cell gas turbine systems and dynamic modeling tools that are being developed to simulate the performance of these and other hybrid fuel cell systems. The generic hybrid systems are presented to introduce issues and technical development challenges that hybrid fuel cell gas turbine systems must address and to provide a platform for the development of the dynamic modeling tools. The present goals are to develop dynamic models for the basic components of solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cell gas turbine hybrids, ensure their reliability, and obtain a basic understanding of their performance prior to integration into a complete hybrid system model. Preliminary results for molten carbonate and solid oxide fuel cell types are presented. These results provide understanding of some of the operational characteristics of fuel cells, and indicate the complexity of the dynamic response of fuel cell hybrid components. For the fuel cell models, generic planar designs are analyzed showing voltage and current behavior following step changes in load resistance and steady state performance curves. The results provide confidence in each of the model’s reliability, enabling them to be integrated for hybrid system simulation. Results from the integrated simulations will provide guidance on future hybrid technology development needs.

scholarly journals Technical Development Issues and Dynamic Modeling of Gas Turbine and Fuel Cell Hybrid Systems

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Liese ◽  
Randall S. Gemmen ◽  
Faryar Jabbari ◽  
Jacob Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Steam Reformer

This paper describes safety issues important to the operation of combined fuel cell and gas turbine (hybrid) systems, and provides motivation for building dynamic modeling tools to support their development. It also describes two models — a steam reformer and a fuel cell — that will be used to investigate the dynamic performance of a hybrid system. The present goals are to develop dynamic models for these two components, ensure their reliability, and obtain a basic understanding of their performance prior to integration into a complete hybrid system model. Because of the large physical domain to be analyzed in the integrated hybrid system, both reformer and fuel cell models are simplified to a one-dimensional system of equations. Model results are presented for a tubular, counterflow steam reformer showing methane conversion and temperature behavior during initial startup, and following several step change perturbations. For the fuel cell model, a generic planar type is analyzed showing voltage and current behavior following step changes in load resistance and fuel input. The results provide confidence in each model’s reliability, enabling them to be integrated for hybrid system simulation. Results from the integrated simulations will provide guidance on future hybrid technology development needs.

Performance Evaluation of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell/Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid System With Oxy-Combustion Carbon Capture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Ho Ahn ◽  
Tong Seop Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

Owing to the increasing consumption of fossil fuels and emission of greenhouse gases, interests in highly efficient and low carbon emitting power systems are growing fast. Several research groups have been suggesting advanced systems based on fuel cells and have also been applying carbon capture and storage technology to satisfy the demand for clean energy. In this study, the performance of a hybrid system, which is a combination of a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) with oxy-combustion carbon capture and an indirectly fired micro gas turbine (MGT) was predicted. A 2.5MW MCFC system that is used in commercial applications was used as the reference system so that the results of the study could be applicable to practical situations. The ambient pressure type hybrid system was modeled by referring to the design parameters of an MGT that is currently being developed. A semi-closed type design characterized by flow recirculation was adopted for this hybrid system. A part of the recirculating gas is converted into liquefied carbon dioxide and captured for storage at the carbon separation unit. Almost 100% carbon dioxide capture is possible with this system. In these systems, the output power of the fuel cell is larger than in the normal hybrid system without carbon capture because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases. The increased cell power partially compensates for the power loss due to the carbon capture and MGT power reduction. The dependence of net system efficiency of the oxy-hybrid on compressor pressure ratio is marginal, especially beyond an optimal value.

Performance Evaluation of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell/Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid System With Oxy-Combustion Carbon Capture

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Ho Ahn ◽  
Tong Seop Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

Owing to the increasing consumption of fossil fuels and emission of greenhouse gases, interests in highly efficient and low carbon emitting power systems are growing fast. Several research groups have been suggesting advanced systems based on fuel cells and have also been applying carbon capture and storage technology to satisfy the demand for clean energy. In this study, the performance of a hybrid system, which is a combination of a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) with oxy-combustion carbon capture and an indirectly fired micro gas turbine (MGT), was predicted. A 2.5 MW MCFC system that is used in commercial applications was used as the reference system so that the results of the study could be applied to practical situations. The ambient pressure type hybrid system was modeled by referring to the design parameters of an MGT that is currently being developed. A semi-closed type design characterized by flow recirculation was adopted for this hybrid system. A part of the recirculating gas is converted into liquefied carbon dioxide and captured for storage at the carbon separation unit (CSU). Almost 100% carbon dioxide capture is possible with this system. In these systems, the output power of the fuel cell is larger than in the normal hybrid system without carbon capture because the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases. The increased cell power partially compensates for the power loss due to the carbon capture and MGT power reduction. The dependence of net system efficiency of the oxy-hybrid on compressor pressure ratio is marginal, especially beyond an optimal value.

Performance Enhancement of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell/Micro Gas Turbine Hybrid System With Carbon Capture by Off-Gas Recirculation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Ho Ahn ◽  
Ji Hun Jeong ◽  
Tong Seop Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

The demand for clean energy continues to increase as the human society becomes more aware of environmental challenges such as global warming. Various power systems based on high-temperature fuel cells have been proposed, especially hybrid systems combining a fuel cell with a gas turbine, and research on carbon capture and storage technology to prevent the emission of greenhouse gases is already underway. This study suggests a new method to innovatively enhance the efficiency of a molten carbonate fuel cell/micro gas turbine hybrid system including carbon capture. The key technology adopted to improve the net cycle efficiency is off-gas recirculation. The hybrid system incorporating oxy-combustion capture was devised, and its performance was compared with that of a post-combustion system based on a hybrid system. A molten carbonate fuel cell system based on a commercial unit was modeled. Externally supplied water for reforming was not needed as a result of the presence of the water vapor in the recirculated anode off-gas. The analyses confirmed that the thermal efficiencies of all the systems (MCFC stand-alone, hybrid, hybrid with oxy-combustion capture, hybrid with post-combustion capture) were significantly improved by introducing the off-gas recirculation. In particular, the largest efficiency improvement was observed for the oxy-combustion hybrid system. Its efficiency is over 57% and is even higher than that of the post-combustion hybrid system.

Off-Design Performance Analysis of a Hybrid System Based on an Existing Molten Fuel Cell Stack

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bedont ◽  
O. Grillo ◽  
A. F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fixed Design ◽  
Stack Model

This paper addresses the off-design analysis of a hybrid system (HS) based on the coupling of an existing Ansaldo Fuel Cells (formerly Ansaldo Ricerche) molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) stack (100 kW) and a micro gas turbine. The MCFC stack model at fixed design conditions has previously been presented by the authors. The present work refers to an off-design stack model, taking into account the influence of the reactor layout, current density, air and fuel utilization factor, CO2 recycle loop, cell operating temperature, etc. Finally, the design and off-design model of the whole hybrid system is presented. Efficiency at part load condition is presented and discussed, taking into account all the constraints for the stack and the micro gas turbine, with particular emphasis on CO2 recycle control.

Dynamic modeling of a hybrid system of the solid oxide fuel cell and recuperative gas turbine

2006 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwen Zhang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Guojun Li ◽  
Zhenping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel

Part-Load Performance Analysis of Pressurized Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell/Micro-Gas Turbine Hybrid System Using a Commercially Available Micro-Gas Turbine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-guo Liu ◽  
Yi-wu Weng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbonate Fuel Cell

This paper presented the work on the design and part-load operation of a power generation system composed of a pressurized molten carbonate fuel cell and a micro-gas turbine (MCFC/MGT). The gas turbine was based on the commercially available one and the MCFC was assumed to be newly designed for the hybrid system. The effect of different control strategies on the performance of system during part-load operation has been analyzed. Performance of system and gas turbine was compared at the same part-load considering the different control strategies. The results show that the system efficiency is lower compared with the same systems analyzed by the other authors. The system has good performance when both the turbine inlet temperature and cell temperature are maintained close to the design-point condition, but it is difficult for gas turbine to obtain the original power.

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