Vibration Analysis Methods Applied to Forensic Engineering Problems

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Saczalski ◽  
Eugene B. Loverich
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
System Failures ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Shock Impact ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
Occupant Kinematics

Abstract Forensic engineering problems are reviewed to demonstrate how vibration analysis methods can be utilized in certain instances to determine cause of system failures and injury mechanics associated with certain vehicular accidents. A brief overview of injury criteria and biomechanical analysis methods for evaluation of motor vehicle occupant kinematics induced by shock impact loadings is also included.

Vibration Analysis Methods in Bearing Damage Detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 ◽  
pp. 622-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Bujoreanu ◽  
Vasile Horga ◽  
Barbu Drăgan
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Bearing Damage

Vibration Analysis Methods for Misalignment and Tolerance Problems in Machine Systems: A Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nurshafiq Ramli ◽  
Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani ◽  
Nabihah Sallih ◽  
Abdul Azeez Abdu Aliyu ◽  
T. V. V. L. N. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Machine Systems

Biomechanical Analysis of Late Airbag Deployment in Motor Vehicle Crashes Using Computer Simulation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Frieder ◽  
Sri Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Restraint Use ◽  
Airbag Deployment ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Frontal Collisions

Motor vehicle collisions frequently result in serious or fatal inuries to occupants [1–4]. Frontal collisions are amongst the most severe types of accidents. The use of safety systems such as seat belts and airbags has been shown to reduce the severity of injuries sustained by occupants [5–10]. It is well known that frontal airbags act as supplemental restraints to seat belts in protecting occupants. Airbag deployment occurs through a reaction of chemicals in the inflator that rapidly produces gas and fills the canvas bag. The filled bag acts a cushion between the occupant and the vehicle’s interior components. The supplemental restraint provided by the airbag increases the amount of time and distance over which the occupant’s body decelerates, and accordingly reduces the potential for injury. The time at which the airbag deployment is initiated during the crash sequence can have an effect on the nature of the contact between occupant and airbag. Though properly timed, frontal airbags have been shown to reduce injuries sustained to occupants[11], it has been reported that airbags that deploy too late may cause injury[12]. To date, there have been a very limited number of studies that have addressed the biomechanical effects of late airbag deployment. The purpose of this study is to determine the biomechanical effects of late airbag deployment and restraint use on various sizes of occupants through computer simulation.

Effect of Head Restraint Position and Neck Injury Criteria in Rear Impact

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
John DeRosia ◽  
Narayan Yoganandan ◽  
Frank A. Pintar
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Safety ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Acceleration Pulse ◽  
Head Restraint ◽  
Rear Impact ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Impact Acceleration

The objective of this study was to determine the forces and bending moments at the top of the Hybrid III dummy neck secondary to rear impact acceleration and evaluate the various proposed injury criteria. Rear impact sled tests were conducted by applying the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards FMVSS 202 acceleration pulse. Differing positions of the head restraint in terms of height (750 and 800 mm) and backset (zero, 50, and 100 mm) were used to determine the axial and shear forces, bending moments, and injury criteria (NIC, Nij, and Nkm). The time sequence of attainment of these parameters was determined along with peak values.

Data Acquisition and Vibration Analysis Based on LabVIEW

2012 ◽  
Vol 239-240 ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
Li Li Kang ◽  
Ze Zhang ◽  
Jian Ming Yu
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Data Acquisition Card

According to the characteristics and analysis methods of the vibration signal, this paper analyses and processes the vibration signal with the combination of the INV9822A sensor, the PCI-4472 data acquisition card and the signal acquisition system using Fourier Transform. The vibration law is analysed effectively to explain the effectiveness and practicality of the method due to the compressor vibration signal.

A Numerical Analysis of Pre-Deployment Effect of Side-Impact Airbags in Reducing Occupant Injuries

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yang Tay ◽  
Rasoul Moradi ◽  
Hamid M. Lankarani
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Acceleration Sensors ◽  
Head Injury Criteria ◽  
Occupant Injuries

Side impact collisions represent the second greatest cause of fatality in motor vehicle accidents. Side-impact airbags (SABs), though not mandated by NHTSA, have been installed in recent model year vehicle due to its effectiveness in reducing passengers’ injuries and fatality rates. However, the increase in number of frontal and side airbags installed in modern vehicles has concomitantly led to the rise of airbag related injuries. A typical side-impact mechanical or electronic sensor require much higher sensitivity due to the limited crush zones making SABs deployment more lethal to out-of-position passengers and children. Appropriate pre-crash sensing needs to be utilized in order to properly restraint passengers and reduce passengers’ injuries in a vehicle collision. A typical passenger vehicle utilizes sensors to activate airbag deployment when certain crush displacement, velocity and or acceleration threshold are met. In this study, it is assumed that an ideal pre-crash sensing system such as a combination of proximity and velocity and acceleration sensors is used to govern the SAB pre-deployment algorithm. The main focus of this paper is to provide a numerical analysis of the benefit of pre-deploying SAB in lateral crashes in reducing occupant injuries. The effectiveness of SABs at low and high speed side-impact collisions are examined using numerical Anthropomorphic Test Dummy (ATD) model. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is primarily used to evaluate this concept. Velocities ranging from 33.5mph to 50mph are used in the FEA simulations. The ATD used in this test is the ES-2re 50th percentile side-impact dummy (SID). Crucial injury criteria such as Head Injury Criteria (HIC), Thoracic Trauma Index (TTI), and thorax deflection are computed for the ATD and compared against those from a typical airbag system without pre-crash sensing. It is shown that the pre-deployment of SABs has the potential of reducing airbag parameters such as deployment velocity and rise rate that will directly contribute to reducing airbag related injuries.

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