Port-Based Ontology Semantic Similarities for Module Concept Creation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxing Cao ◽  
Karthik Ramani ◽  
Ming Wang Fu ◽  
Runli Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Modular Concept ◽  
Semantic Link ◽  
Functional Blocks ◽  
Physical Components

The modularity indicates a one-to-one mapping between functional concepts and physical components. It can allow us to generate more product varieties at lower costs. Functional concepts can be described by precise syntactic structures with functional terms. Different semantic measures can be used to evaluate the strength of the semantic link between two functional concepts from port ontology. In this paper, different methods of modularity based on ontology are first investigated. Secondly, the primitive concepts are presented based on port ontology by using natural language, and then their semantic synthesis is used to describe component ontology. The taxonomy of port-based ontology are built to map the component connections and interactions in order to build functional blocks. Next, propose an approach to computing semantic similarity by mapping terms to functional ontology and by examining their relationships based on port ontology language. Furthermore, several modules are partitioned on the basis of similarity measures. The process of module construction is described and its elements are related to the similarity values between concepts. Finally, a case is studied to show the efficiency of port ontology semantic similarity for modular concept generation.

scholarly journals Evolution of Semantic Similarity—A Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Dhivya Chandrasekaran ◽  
Vijay Mago
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Hybrid Methods ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Research Problems

Estimating the semantic similarity between text data is one of the challenging and open research problems in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). The versatility of natural language makes it difficult to define rule-based methods for determining semantic similarity measures. To address this issue, various semantic similarity methods have been proposed over the years. This survey article traces the evolution of such methods beginning from traditional NLP techniques such as kernel-based methods to the most recent research work on transformer-based models, categorizing them based on their underlying principles as knowledge-based, corpus-based, deep neural network–based methods, and hybrid methods. Discussing the strengths and weaknesses of each method, this survey provides a comprehensive view of existing systems in place for new researchers to experiment and develop innovative ideas to address the issue of semantic similarity.

scholarly journals Knowledge-based sentence semantic similarity: algebraical properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mourad Oussalah ◽  
Muhidin Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Canonical Extension ◽  
Similarity Score ◽  
Semantic Similarity Measure ◽  
Sentence Similarity

AbstractDetermining the extent to which two text snippets are semantically equivalent is a well-researched topic in the areas of natural language processing, information retrieval and text summarization. The sentence-to-sentence similarity scoring is extensively used in both generic and query-based summarization of documents as a significance or a similarity indicator. Nevertheless, most of these applications utilize the concept of semantic similarity measure only as a tool, without paying importance to the inherent properties of such tools that ultimately restrict the scope and technical soundness of the underlined applications. This paper aims to contribute to fill in this gap. It investigates three popular WordNet hierarchical semantic similarity measures, namely path-length, Wu and Palmer and Leacock and Chodorow, from both algebraical and intuitive properties, highlighting their inherent limitations and theoretical constraints. We have especially examined properties related to range and scope of the semantic similarity score, incremental monotonicity evolution, monotonicity with respect to hyponymy/hypernymy relationship as well as a set of interactive properties. Extension from word semantic similarity to sentence similarity has also been investigated using a pairwise canonical extension. Properties of the underlined sentence-to-sentence similarity are examined and scrutinized. Next, to overcome inherent limitations of WordNet semantic similarity in terms of accounting for various Part-of-Speech word categories, a WordNet “All word-To-Noun conversion” that makes use of Categorial Variation Database (CatVar) is put forward and evaluated using a publicly available dataset with a comparison with some state-of-the-art methods. The finding demonstrates the feasibility of the proposal and opens up new opportunities in information retrieval and natural language processing tasks.

scholarly journals Implementing WordNet Measures of Lexical Semantic Similarity in a Fuzzy Logic Programming System

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
PASCUAL JULIÁN-IRANZO ◽  
FERNANDO SÁENZ-PÉREZ
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Logic Programming ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Programming System ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Unification Algorithm

Abstarct This paper introduces techniques to integrate WordNet into a Fuzzy Logic Programming system. Since WordNet relates words but does not give graded information on the relation between them, we have implemented standard similarity measures and new directives allowing the proximity equations linking two words to be generated with an approximation degree. Proximity equations are the key syntactic structures which, in addition to a weak unification algorithm, make a flexible query-answering process possible in this kind of programming language. This addition widens the scope of Fuzzy Logic Programming, allowing certain forms of lexical reasoning, and reinforcing Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications.

Computationally Derived Adaptive Inspirational Stimuli for Real-Time Design Support During Concept Generation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosa Goucher-Lambert ◽  
Joshua T. Gyory ◽  
Kenneth Kotovsky ◽  
Jonathan Cagan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Design activity can be supported using inspirational stimuli (e.g., analogies, patents, etc.), by helping designers overcome impasses or in generating solutions with more positive characteristics during ideation. Design researchers typically generate inspirational stimuli a priori in order to investigate their impact. However, for a chosen stimulus to possess maximal utility, it should automatically reflect the current and ongoing progress of the designer. In this work, designers receive computationally selected inspirational stimuli midway through an ideation session in response to the state of their current solution. Sourced from a broad database of related example solutions, the semantic similarity between the content of the current design and concepts within the database determine which potential stimulus is received. Designers receive a particular stimulus based on three experimental conditions: a semantically near stimulus, a semantically far stimulus, or no stimulus (control). Results indicate that adaptive inspirational stimuli can be determined using Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and that semantic similarity measures are a promising approach for real-time monitoring of the design process. The ability to achieve differentiable near vs. far stimuli was validated using both semantic cosine similarity values and participant self-response ratings. As a further contribution, this work also explores the impact of different types of adaptive inspirational stimuli on design outcomes. Here, near inspirational stimuli increase the feasibility of design solutions. Results also demonstrate the significant impact of the overall inspirational stimulus innovativeness on final design outcomes, which may be greater than differences across individual sub-dimensions.

Similarity of Sentences With Contradiction Using Semantic Similarity Measures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Krishna Siva Prasad ◽  
Poonam Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Sentence Similarity ◽  
Expert Ratings

Abstract Short text or sentence similarity is crucial in various natural language processing activities. Traditional measures for sentence similarity consider word order, semantic features and role annotations of text to derive the similarity. These measures do not suit short texts or sentences with negation. Hence, this paper proposes an approach to determine the semantic similarity of sentences and also presents an algorithm to handle negation. In sentence similarity, word pair similarity plays a significant role. Hence, this paper also discusses the similarity between word pairs. Existing semantic similarity measures do not handle antonyms accurately. Hence, this paper proposes an algorithm to handle antonyms. This paper also presents an antonym dataset with 111-word pairs and corresponding expert ratings. The existing semantic similarity measures are tested on the dataset. The results of the correlation proved that the expert ratings are in order with the correlation obtained from the semantic similarity measures. The sentence similarity is handled by proposing two algorithms. The first algorithm deals with the typical sentences, and the second algorithm deals with contradiction in the sentences. SICK dataset, which has sentences with negation, is considered for handling the sentence similarity. The algorithm helped in improving the results of sentence similarity.

scholarly journals Adaptive Inspirational Design Stimuli: Using Design Output to Computationally Search for Stimuli That Impact Concept Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosa Goucher-Lambert ◽  
Joshua T. Gyory ◽  
Kenneth Kotovsky ◽  
Jonathan Cagan
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Design Innovation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Design activity can be supported using inspirational stimuli (e.g., analogies, patents) by helping designers overcome impasses or in generating solutions with more positive characteristics during ideation. Design researchers typically generate inspirational stimuli a priori in order to investigate their impact. However, for a chosen stimulus to possess maximal utility, it should automatically reflect the current and ongoing progress of the designer. In this work, designers receive computationally selected inspirational stimuli midway through an ideation session in response to the contents of their current solution. Sourced from a broad database of related example solutions, the semantic similarity between the content of the current design and concepts within the database determines which potential stimulus is received. Designers receive a particular stimulus based on three experimental conditions: a semantically near stimulus, a semantically far stimulus, or no stimulus (control). Results indicate that adaptive inspirational stimuli can be determined using latent semantic analysis (LSA) and that semantic similarity measures are a promising approach for real-time monitoring of the design process. The ability to achieve differentiable near versus far stimuli was validated using both semantic cosine similarity values and participant self-response ratings. As a further contribution, this work also explores the impact of different types of adaptive inspirational stimuli on design outcomes using a newly introduced “design innovation” measure. The design innovation measure mathematically captures the overall goodness of a design concept by uniquely combining expert ratings across easier to evaluate subdimensions of feasibility, usefulness, and novelty. While results demonstrate that near inspirational stimuli increase the feasibility of design solutions, they also show the significant impact of the overall inspirational stimulus innovativeness on final design outcomes. In fact, participants are more likely to generate innovative final design solutions when given innovative inspirational stimuli, regardless of their experimental condition.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Approaches for Measuring the Semantic Similarity of Short Texts Based on Word Embeddings

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-246
Author(s):  
Karlo Babić ◽  
Francesco Guerra ◽  
Sanda Martinčić-Ipšić ◽  
Ana Meštrović
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Word Senses

Measuring the semantic similarity of texts has a vital role in various tasks from the field of natural language processing. In this paper, we describe a set of experiments we carried out to evaluate and compare the performance of different approaches for measuring the semantic similarity of short texts. We perform a comparison of four models based on word embeddings: two variants of Word2Vec (one based on Word2Vec trained on a specific dataset and the second extending it with embeddings of word senses), FastText, and TF-IDF. Since these models provide word vectors, we experiment with various methods that calculate the semantic similarity of short texts based on word vectors. More precisely, for each of these models, we test five methods for aggregating word embeddings into text embedding. We introduced three methods by making variations of two commonly used similarity measures. One method is an extension of the cosine similarity based on centroids, and the other two methods are variations of the Okapi BM25 function. We evaluate all approaches on the two publicly available datasets: SICK and Lee in terms of the Pearson and Spearman correlation. The results indicate that extended methods perform better from the original in most of the cases.

scholarly journals A Natural Language Processing Approach to Measuring Treatment Adherence and Consistency Using Semantic Similarity

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842110286
Author(s):  
Kylie L. Anglin ◽  
Vivian C. Wong ◽  
Arielle Boguslav
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Intervention Implementation ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Coaching Intervention ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Teacher Coaching ◽  
The Impact

Though there is widespread recognition of the importance of implementation research, evaluators often face intense logistical, budgetary, and methodological challenges in their efforts to assess intervention implementation in the field. This article proposes a set of natural language processing techniques called semantic similarity as an innovative and scalable method of measuring implementation constructs. Semantic similarity methods are an automated approach to quantifying the similarity between texts. By applying semantic similarity to transcripts of intervention sessions, researchers can use the method to determine whether an intervention was delivered with adherence to a structured protocol, and the extent to which an intervention was replicated with consistency across sessions, sites, and studies. This article provides an overview of semantic similarity methods, describes their application within the context of educational evaluations, and provides a proof of concept using an experimental study of the impact of a standardized teacher coaching intervention.

Denoising distant supervision for ontology lexicalization using semantic similarity measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 114922
Author(s):  
Mehdi Jabalameli ◽  
Mohammadali Nematbakhsh ◽  
Reza Ramezani
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Distant Supervision
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