Combined Heat and Power Systems Based on an Externally Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cell – Gas Turbine Hybrid System: The Case of a Hospital Under French Legislation

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Diacakis ◽  
R. Hales ◽  
M. Morin ◽  
P. Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Optimum Configuration ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Engine Systems

High temperature Fuel Cells are an attractive technology to generate electricity at high efficiencies. Advantages over traditional heat engine systems include lower irreversibilities, stack modularity and lower maintenance requirements. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells can be coupled with Gas Turbines to further increase cycle performance. In the present study the evaluation of an Externally Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel CellGas Turbine (EISOFCGT) system is presented. The cycle has been designed to meet the requirements of a hospital with a peak thermal demand of 12 MW and electrical of 4.75 MW. Various configurations have been analyzed, with particular emphasis on the effects of operating temperature and air flow-rate in order to identify the optimum configuration. Finally a comparison has been made to a simple CHP plant in order to evaluate the system economics, taking into account the French legislation.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Performance

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Stephenson ◽  
Ian Ritchey
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Combined Cycles

A number of cycles have been proposed in which a solid oxide fuel cell is used as the topping cycle to a gas turbine, including those recently described by Beve et al. (1996). Such proposals frequently focus on the combination of particular gas turbines with particular fuel cells. In this paper, the development of more general models for a number of alternative cycles is described. These models incorporate variations of component performance with key cycle parameters such as gas turbine pressure ratio, fuel cell operating temperature and air flow. Parametric studies are conducted using these models to produce performance maps, giving overall cycle performance in terms of both gas turbine and fuel cell design point operating conditions. The location of potential gas turbine and fuel cell combinations on these maps is then used to identify which of these combinations are most likely to be appropriate for optimum efficiency and power output. It is well known, for example, that the design point of a gas turbine optimised for simple cycle performance is not generally optimal for combined cycle gas turbine performance. The same phenomenon may be observed in combined fuel cell and gas turbine cycles, where both the fuel cell and the gas turbine are likely to differ from those which would be selected for peak simple cycle efficiency. The implications of this for practical fuel cell and gas turbine combined cycles and for development targets for solid oxide fuel cells are discussed. Finally, a brief comparison of the economics of simple cycle fuel cells, simple cycle gas turbines and fuel cell and gas turbine combined cycles is presented, illustrating the benefits which could result.

scholarly journals Modelling of Physical, Chemical, and Material Properties of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Kupecki
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
System Level ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Modelling Techniques

This paper provides a review of modelling techniques applicable for system-level studies to account for physical, chemical, and material properties of solid oxide fuel cells. Functionality of 0D to 3D models is discussed and selected examples are given. Author provides information on typical length scales in evaluation of power systems with solid oxide fuel cells. In each section, proper examples of previous studies done in the field of 0D–3D modelling are recalled and discussed.

Comparative Analysis of Hybrid Cycles Based on Molten Carbonate and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Campanari ◽  
Ennio Macchi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Hybrid Plants

High temperature fuel cells are experiencing an increasing amount of attention thanks to the successful operation of prototype plants, including a multi-MW Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) demonstration plant and a hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) gas turbine power plant. Both MCFCs and SOFCs are currently considered attractive for the integration with gas turbines in more complex “hybrid” plants, with projected performances that largely exceed combined cycles efficiencies even at a small-scale size and with an extremely low environmental impact. This paper compares the performances of MCFC and SOFC hybrid cycles. The comparison shows some advantages for the SOFC hybrid cycle in terms of plant simplicity and moderately higher efficiency.

Quantification of the Improvement of Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Using Chiller-Based Fuel Recirculation

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Kupecki ◽  
Konrad Motylinski ◽  
Lukasz Szablowski ◽  
Agnieszka Zurawska ◽  
Yevgeniy Naumovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
External Source ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Hydrogen Molecules

Abstract Solid oxide fuel cells operate at high temperature, typically in the range 650–850 °C, utilizing between 50% and 75% of fuel. The remaining fuel can be either burned in a post-combustor located downstream of the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) stack or partially recycled. Several of the SOFC-based power systems include recirculation which is used to supply the steam to the fuel processing unit based on steam reforming. In such a system, the recycled stream makes it possible to eliminate the supply of water from the external source. In the same time, recirculation aids in increasing the overall fuel utilization in the power system. As a result the efficiency increases by 5–12% points. The electrochemical reaction in SOFC generates a substantial amount of water by combining the hydrogen molecules with oxygen extracted from the air entering the cathodic compartments. The recycled stream contains water vapor which is circulated in the recycled loop. In the current analysis, the system for recirculation of the anodic off-gas with complete removal of water was proposed and studied. Performance of a planar cell operated with different rates of recycling was studied using the experimental setup with chiller-based recirculation. Quantification of the improvement of the efficiency was based on the analysis of the increase of voltage of cell operated at a given current density. The experimental study demonstrated that the performance of a stand-alone SOFC can be increased by 18–31%. Additionally, the numerical model was proposed to determine the performance in other operating conditions.

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