A Transient Simulation of Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System

Soil remediation process by heated soil vapor extraction system has drawn considerably attention for the last few years. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. Our present study is concentrated on modeling one transient Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System and predicting the time required for effective remediation. The process developed by Advanced Remedial Technology, consists of a heating source pipe and the extraction well embedded in the soil. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. A three-dimensional meshed geometry was developed using gambit. Different boundary conditions were used for heating and suction well and for other boundaries. Concentrations of different chemicals were collected from the actual site and this data was used as an initial condition. The analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the time required to clean the soil under specific conditions. This analysis could be used for predicting the changes of chemical concentrations in the soil during the remediation process. This will give us more insight to the physical phenomena and serve as a numerical predictive tool for more efficient process.

Download Full-text

A Study of Soil Remediation by Vapor Extraction System and Air Sparging

Heat Transfer, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/imece2004-60289 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

T. Roy ◽

R. S. Amano ◽

J. Jatkar

Keyword(s):

Heat Source ◽

Soil Remediation ◽

Unsaturated Zone ◽

Fine Sand ◽

Soil Vapor Extraction ◽

Extraction System ◽

Air Sparging ◽

Saturated Zone ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Heated Soil

Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system and air sparging is a new technology developed by Advanced Remedial Technology, Inc. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed by Advanced Remedial Technology, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a one-inch pipeline that is enclosed in a six-inch pipe. This six-inch pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. Pea gravel or fine sand fills the six-inch pipe and thus acts as a heat transfer medium. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Soil vapor extraction cannot remove contaminants in the saturated zone of the soil that lies below the water table. In that case air sparging may be used. In air sparging system air is pumped into the saturated zone to help flush the contaminants up into the unsaturated zone where the contaminants is removed by SVE well. In our present study we concentrated on modeling one Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System with air sparging and predicting the behavior of different chemicals in the saturated and unsaturated zone of the soil. This analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the behavior of different chemicals when it is heated and driven out by the sucking well.

Download Full-text

Steady State Analysis of Heated Soil Vapor Extraction Process With Air Sparging

Heat Transfer: Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/ht2005-72272 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

P. M. Mohan Das ◽

R. S. Amano ◽

T. Roy ◽

J. Jatkar

Keyword(s):

Extraction Process ◽

Soil Vapor Extraction ◽

Air Sparging ◽

Saturated Zone ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Combined System ◽

Discrete Phase Modeling ◽

Discrete Phase ◽

Time Required ◽

Heated Soil

Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE), developed by Advanced Remedial Technology is a Soil remediation process that has gained significant attention during the past few years. HSVE along with Air sparging has been found to be an effective way of remediating soil of various pollutants including solvents, fuels and Para-nuclear aromatics. The combined system consists of a heater/boiler that pumps and circulates hot oil through heating wells, a blower that helps to suck the contaminants out through the extraction well, and air sparging wells that extend down to the saturated region in the soil. Both the heating wells and extraction wells are installed vertically in the saturated region in contaminated soil and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The heat source heats the soil and the heat is transported inside the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then absorbed by the extraction well. Soil vapor extraction cannot remove contaminants in the saturated zone of the soil that lies below the water table. In that case air sparging may be used. In air sparging system, air is pumped into the saturated zone to help flush the contaminants up into the unsaturated zone where the contaminants are removed by SVE well. In this analysis an attempt has been made to predict the behavior of different chemicals in the unsaturated and saturated regions of the soil. This analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the behavior of different chemicals when it is heated and absorbed by the extraction well. Such an analysis will be helpful in predicting the parameters like the distance between the heating and extraction wells, the temperature to be maintained at the heating well and the time required for removing the contaminants from the soil.

Download Full-text

Experimental and Computational Study of Vaporization of Volatile Organic Compounds

Volume 15: Sustainable Products and Processes ◽

10.1115/imece2007-41086 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Ryo S. Amano ◽

Jose Martinez Lucci ◽

Krishna S. Guntur

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Heat Source ◽

Chlorinated Solvents ◽

Soil Vapor Extraction ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Soil Matrix ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

Concentration Changes ◽

Heated Soil ◽

The University

Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) is a technology that has been used successfully to clean up subsurface soils at sites containing chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons. The costs have been extremely high due to the large amount of energy required to volatilize high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds present in the soil matrix. One remediation contractor states that hydrocarbons are oxidized in situ by achieving temperatures in the >1000 F range near the heaters [1]. A critical question is whether the volatile portion of manufactured gas plant (MGP) hydrocarbons (VOCs) can be stripped out at lower temperatures such that the remaining contaminants will be unavailable for transport or subsequent dissolution into the groundwater. Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system is a relatively new technology developed at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee [2]. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed at UWM, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Our previous studies had removed higher boiling compounds such as naphthalene, etc., to non-detectable level. Thus, the current technology is very promising for removing most of the chemicals compounds; and can also remove these high boiling compounds from the saturated zone. Gas chromatography (GC) is utilized in monitoring the relative concentration changes over the extraction period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) assists in the identification and separation of extracted components. The experimental research is currently being conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The objectives of this study are to identify contaminants and time required to remove them through HSVE treatment and provide data for computation fluid dynamics CFD analysis.

Download Full-text

Transient Analysis of Heated Vapor Extraction System for Effective Remediation

Volume 1: 23rd Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/detc2003/cie-48247 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

R. S. Jadhav ◽

R. S. Amano ◽

J. Jatkar ◽

R. J. Lind

Keyword(s):

Research Effort ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Extraction System ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Discrete Phase Modeling ◽

Discrete Phase ◽

Chemical Companies ◽

Time Required ◽

Volume Method ◽

Remediation Process

A soil remediation process has gained an enormous attention for the last decade in order to make the surroundings environmentally friendly. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. Different soil remedial processes are used for different types of pollutants. The present research effort is concentrated on modeling the Heated Vapor Extraction System, which is a very efficient and cost effective process. A numerical model is developed and Finite Volume Method is used to solve the model. The analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the time required to clean the soil under specific conditions. The analysis was used as a mathematical computational tool to predict various parameters for the process so that the process can be made more efficient and effective in remedial achievements.

Download Full-text

Experimental Study of Treating Volatile Organic Compounds

Volume 2: 27th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/detc2007-34579 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Ryo S. Amano ◽

Jose Martinez Lucci ◽

Krishna S. Guntur ◽

M. Mahmun Hossain ◽

M. Monzur Morshed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Heat Source ◽

Chlorinated Solvents ◽

Soil Vapor Extraction ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Soil Matrix ◽

University Of Wisconsin ◽

Concentration Changes ◽

Heated Soil ◽

The University

Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) is a technology that has been used successfully to clean up subsurface soils at sites containing chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons. The costs have been extremely high due to the large amount of energy required to volatilize high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds present in the soil matrix. One remediation contractor states that hydrocarbons are oxidized in situ by achieving temperatures in the >1000 F range near the heaters [1]. A critical question is whether the volatile portion of manufactured gas plant (MGP) hydrocarbons (VOCs) can be stripped out at lower temperatures such that the remaining contaminants will be unavailable for transport or subsequent dissolution into the groundwater. Soil remediation by heated soil vapor extraction system is a relatively new technology developed by Jay Jatkar Inc. (JJI) along with the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee [2]. The areas around chemical companies or waste disposal sites have been seriously contaminated from the chemicals and other polluting materials that are disposed off. The process developed by JJI, consists of a heater/boiler that pump and circulates hot oil through a pipeline that is enclosed in a larger-diameter pipe. This extraction pipe is vertically installed within the contaminated soil up to a certain depth and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. The number of heat source pipes and the extraction wells depends on the type of soil, the type of pollutants, moisture content of the soil and the size of the area to be cleaned. The heat source heats the soil, which is transported in the interior part of the soil by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then driven out of the soil by the extraction well. The extraction well consists of the blower which would suck the vaporized gases out of the system. Our previous studies had removed higher boiling compounds, such as naphthalene, etc., to a non-detectable level. Thus, the current technology is very promising for removing most of the chemical compounds; and can also remove these boiling compounds from the saturated zone. Gas chromatography (GC) is utilized in monitoring the relative concentration changes over the extraction period. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) assists in the identification and separation of extracted components. The experimental research is currently being conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. The objectives of this study are to identify contaminants and time required to remove them through HSVE treatment and provide data for computation fluid dynamics CFD analysis.

Download Full-text

Transient Analysis of Heated Soil Vapor Extraction Process With Air Sparging

Heat Transfer, Part A ◽

10.1115/imece2005-80319 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

P. M. Mohan Das ◽

R. S. Amano ◽

T. Roy ◽

J. Jatkar

Keyword(s):

Extraction Process ◽

Soil Vapor Extraction ◽

Air Sparging ◽

Saturated Zone ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Combined System ◽

Discrete Phase Modeling ◽

Discrete Phase ◽

Time Required ◽

Heated Soil

This paper presents the Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE) that has gained significant attention during the past few years. HSVE along with Air sparging has been found to be an effective way of remediating soil of various pollutants including solvents, fuels and Para-nuclear aromatics. The combined system consists of a heater/boiler that pumps and circulates hot oil through heating wells, a blower that helps to suck the contaminants out through the extraction well, and air sparging wells that extend down to the saturated region in the soil. Both the heating wells and extraction wells are installed vertically in the saturated region in contaminated soil and is welded at the bottom and capped at the top. With this technology the soil is heated by means of conduction and convection. This heating of soil results in vaporization of the gases, which are then absorbed by the extraction well. Soil vapor extraction cannot remove contaminants in the saturated zone of the soil that lies below the water table. In that case air sparging may be used. In air sparging system, air is pumped into the saturated zone to help flush the contaminants up into the unsaturated zone where the contaminants are removed by SVE well. In this analysis an attempt has been made to predict the behavior of different chemicals in the unsaturated and saturated regions of the soil. This analysis uses the species transport and discrete phase modeling to predict the behavior of different chemicals when it is heated and absorbed by the extraction well. Such an analysis will be helpful in predicting the parameters like the distance between the heating and extraction wells, the temperature to be maintained at the heating well and the time required for removing the contaminants from the soil.

Download Full-text

Computer simulation of heated soil vapor extraction system for effective remediation

The Ninth Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena In Electronic Systems (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37543) ◽

10.1109/itherm.2004.1318323 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

T. Roy ◽

R.S. Amano ◽

E.K. Lee ◽

R.S. Jadhav ◽

J. Jatkar

Keyword(s):

Computer Simulation ◽

Soil Vapor Extraction ◽

Extraction System ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Heated Soil

Download Full-text

Numerical Analysis of Heated Soil Vapor Extraction System

Heat Transfer, Volume 7 ◽

10.1115/imece2002-32092 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. S. Jadhav ◽

R. S. Amano ◽

J. Jatkar ◽

R. J. Lind

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Environmental Science ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Soil Vapor Extraction ◽

Vapor Extraction ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Heated Soil ◽

And Diffusion

An innovative and highly effective technique for remediation of soil has been developed—Heated Soil Vapor Extraction (HSVE), which is one of essential technologies that quickly and effectively remediates soil that is contaminated with organic compounds. The system efficiently uses the principles of heat transfer and diffusion to eliminate organic compounds from the soil. It basically consists of a high temperature heat source and a sink to take away the vaporized compounds in the presence of high temperature in the soil. A numerical study has been conducted to further strengthen the fact that the system is very effective, by actually modeling soil with system. Finite Element Analysis software ANSYS® has been used for the purpose of analysis. Such analysis will help environmental science and give new dimensions to soil remediation processes to clean soil off volatile organic compounds so that they can be carried out quickly, efficiently and economically.

Download Full-text