remediation process
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyun Liu ◽  
Yingming Xu ◽  
Qingqing Huang ◽  
Xu Qin ◽  
Lijie Zhao ◽  
...  

Abstract The objective of this study was to expound possible effect of fertilization and water management in the remediation process of hazardous substance using sepiolite(SP). Meanwhile, Illumina high-throughput sequencing was performed to investigate how the composition of the rhizosphere bacterial community responded to a series of soil remediation process. The results showed that application of SP increased pH, decreased DOM under different water condition, but goat manure (GM) increased pH and DOM at the same time. Under water-saturated condition (FWHC), the application of GM increased the content of available Cd (DTPA-Cd) by 42.0-68.9%, 13.1%-30.3% of unamended and SP-amended soil, respectively. Under normal water condition (NWHC), the application of GM increased DTPA-Cd by 0.7%-5.8%, 73.7%-115.5% of unamended and SP-amended soil, respectively. Consequently, coupling effect of FWHC and GM decreased Cd content in shoots of pak choi. We also found that the application of GM increased the abundance of soil microbial communities. Abundance of proteobacteria reached a peak when applied GM in SP-amended soil under FWHC. RDA analysis showed that soil microbes such as bacteroidetes, patescibacteria, and proteobacteria were correlated positively with pH, DOM, and DTPA-Cd. Acidobacteria was correlated positively with DTPA-Cd, and negatively with pH and DOM. The relationship of soil physicochemical properties and the bacterial community variation indicated that GM and SP mixed additives may indirectly affect the soil microbial community by changing soil physicochemical properties and available Cd content.


2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 455
Author(s):  
Magdalini Tsarpali ◽  
John N. Kuhn ◽  
George P. Philippidis

Conversion of residual algal biomass to value-added products is essential for enhancing the economics of algae cultivation. Algal hydrochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization of lipid-extracted Picochlorum oculatum is a material rich in oxygen functional groups and carbon (up to 67.3%) and hence a promising candidate for remediation of wastewaters. The hydrothermal carbonization conditions were optimized and the adsorption capacity of the hydrochar was tested for metal removal. By the end of the remediation process, cumulative removal of Al3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ reached 89, 98, 75, 88, 75, and 100%, respectively. The adsorption of all metals was found to follow pseudo second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm. Overall, when hydrothermal carbonization is applied to lipid-extracted algae, it generates a promising biobased adsorbent with value-added potential in metal remediation.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelaide Perdigão ◽  
José Luís da Silva Pereira

In the last decades increased global environmental concerns to water and soils pollution. The main concerns are related to the contamination of the ecosystem, food security, and human health since many of the contaminants present in soil and water (residues of pesticides and antibiotics, genes of resistance to antibiotics, and heavy metals) are absorbed by plants and enter the food chain. Remediation of the contaminated water and soil to ensure sustainable water supply and food production is urgently needed. The use of biochar can have a positive effect on this remediation process. There are several studies that demonstrate the biochar’s ability to block/reduce the contaminating effect of pesticides, antibiotic residues, antibiotic resistance genes, and heavy metals. The objective of this chapter is to carry out a comprehensive review of the effect of using biochar on the availability/transmission of these contaminants to the soil and food supply chain.


Author(s):  
Meenkshisundaram Sai Prasanna ◽  
Charles Imla Mary ◽  
Muthu Senthilkumar ◽  
Gandhi Manobalaji ◽  
Moorthy Babu Sridharan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tony Hadibarata ◽  
Bieby Voijant Tangahu

The adulteration of the environment by hazardous waste, such as heavy metals, nuclear wastes, hydrocarbons, pesticides and greenhouse gases is the major serious problem which need to be reduced. Common remediation technique such as physical, chemical and biological process are being applied. Chemical process can transform and change organic contaminant of interest which is not sufficient to clean the environment, while physical technique requires additional equipment. Thus, bioremediation exist as green approach to eliminate the hazardous waste in the environment. In this review, bioremediation is comprehensively presented. Remediation process types, challenges, limitations, mechanisms, and future suggestion has been elaborated to develop bioremediation technology for future prospect.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Ismail Muhibbu-din ◽  
Ayodele Isaac Isaac

The contamination of soil in the environment is a natural consequence of industrialization and urbanization. Organic chemical pollutants dissolve into groundwater, absorb and adsorb into soil grains. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) are major causes of contaminated soil. This is due to fuel leakages or spillages, various forms of hydrocarbon burning/combustion and land disposal petroleum base oil. Contaminated soil samples were excavated from two different locations within the Ilorin metropolis; pipelines and products marketing company, a Nigerian petroleum depot, Ilorin depot and auto mechanic workshop of over ten years. Steam enhanced extraction method was employed through injection of steam to contaminated soil from steam generator into soil pot where contaminated soil was placed. The condensation of steam on soil particles provides energy to release desorbed contaminants molecules from the soil and the mobilized contaminants vapor was transferred into the recovery pot via the pipe that was connected to the soil pot. After the remediation process, the steamed soil samples were taken to the laboratory where the sonication extraction technique was used to extract the contaminants (BTEX) from the steamed soil samples of 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively. The extract from the steamed soil samples of 30, 60 and 90 minutes was subjected to Gas Chromatography fitted with flame ionization detector analysis to determine the exact amount of BTEX removed after the remediation process. Pre-treated soil sample of auto mechanics workshop was found to be 4.5004 x 10-1 mg/kg and post-treated soil samples were found to be 1.8164 x10-1 mg/kg, 8.7519 x10-1 mg/kg and 5.7006 x10-2 mg/kg  for 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively after remediation process while Pre-treated soil sample of a Nigerian petroleum depot was found to be 6.6049 x 10-1 mg/kg and post-treated soil samples were found to be 2.9320 x10-1 mg/kg, 1.9855 x10-1 mg/kg and 1.0237 x10-1 mg/kg  for 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively after the remediation process. This study established the effectiveness of the remediation process of hydrocarbon contaminated soil using steam enhanced extraction method an In situ remediation technique.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Alexis ◽  
Gayani Pinnawala ◽  
Do Hoon Kim ◽  
Varadarajan Dwarakanath ◽  
Ruth Hahn ◽  
...  

Abstract The work described in this paper details the development of a single stimulation package that was successfully used for treating an offshore horizontal polymer injection well to improve near wellbore injectivity in the Captain field, offshore UK. The practice was to pump these concentrated surfactant streams using multiple pumps from a stimulation vessel which is diluted with the polymer injection stream in the platform to be injected downhole. The operational challenges were maintaining steady injection rates of the different liquid streams which was exacerbated by the viscous nature of the concentrated surfactants that would require pre-dilution using cosolvent or heating the concentrated solutions before pumping to make them flowable. We have developed a single, concentrated liquid blend of surfactant, polymer and cosolvent that was used in near-wellbore remediation. This approach significantly simplifies the chemical remediation process in the field while also ensuring consistent product quality and efficiency. The developed single package is multiphase, multicomponent in nature that can be readily pumped. This blend was formulated based on the previous stimulation experience where concentrated surfactant packages were confirmed to work. Commercial blending of the single package was carried out based on lab scale to yard scale blending and dilution studies. About 420 MT of the blend was manufactured, stored, and transported by rail, road and offshore stimulation vessel to the field location and successfully injected.


2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 773-778
Author(s):  
Winfred Frazier ◽  
Stephen A. Wilson ◽  
Frank D'Amico ◽  
George R. Bergus

Background and Objectives: Identifying underperforming residents and helping them become fully competent physicians is an important faculty responsibility. The process to identify and remediate these learners varies greatly between programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the remediation landscape in family medicine residency programs by investigating resident remediation characteristics, tools to improve the process, and remediation challenges. Methods: This study analyzed responses from the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) national survey of family medicine program directors in 2017. Survey questions included topics on faculty remediation training, remediation prevalence, tools for remediation, and barriers to remediation. Results: Two hundred sixty-seven of 503 program directors completed our survey (53% response rate). Most residency programs (245/264, 93%) had at least one resident undergoing remediation in the last 3 years. A majority (242/265, 91%) of residents undergoing remediation were successful within 12 months. The three most important tools to improve remediation were an accessible remediation toolkit (50%), formal remediation recommendations from national family medicine organizations (20%), and on-site faculty development and training (19%). The top-two challenges to the remediation process were a lack of documented evaluations to trigger remediation and a lack of faculty knowledge and skills with effective remediation strategies. Conclusions: Residents needing remediation are common, but most were successfully remediated within 12 months. Program directors wanted access to a standardized toolkit to help guide the remediation process.


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