scholarly journals Frontiers in Nanoscience and Technology in the 21st Century and New Models for Research and Education at the Intersection of Basic Research and Technology

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Narayanamurti
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Real World ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Industrial Research ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Future

Over the last 50 years, solid state physics and technology have blossomed through the application of modern quantum mechanics to the real world. The intimate relationship between basic research and application has been highlighted ever since the invention of the transistor in 1947, the laser in 1958 and the subsequent spawning of the computer and communications revolution which has so changed our lives. The awarding of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics to Alferov, Kroemer and Kilby is another important recognition of the unique interplay between basic science and technology. Such advances and discoveries were made in major industrial research laboratories — Bell Labs, IBM, RCA and others. Today many of these industrial laboratories are in decline due to changes in the regulatory environment and global economic competition. In this talk I will examine some of the frontiers in technology and emerging policy issues. My talk will be colored by my own experiences at Bell Labs and subsequently at a major U.S. national laboratory (Sandia) and at universities (University of California at Santa Barbara and Harvard). I will draw on experiences from my role as the Chair of the National Research Council (NRC) panel on the Future of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (1999) and as a reviewer of the 2001 NRC report, Physics in a New Era. The growth rates of silicon and optical technologies will ultimately flatten as physical and economic limits are reached. If history is any guide, entirely new technologies will be created. Current research in nanoscience and nanotechnology is already leading to new relationships between fields as diverse as chemistry, biology, applied physics, electrical and mechanical engineering. Materials science is becoming even more interdisciplinary than in the past. Different fields of engineering are coming together. The interfaces between engineering and biology are emerging as another frontier. I will spend some time in exploring the frontier where quantum mechanics intersects the real world and the special role played by designer materials and new imaging tools to explore this emerging frontier. To position ourselves for the future, we therefore must find new ways of breaking disciplinary boundaries in academia. The focus provided by applications and the role of interdisciplinary research centers will be examined. Strangely, the reductionist approach inherent in nanoscience must be connected with the world of complex systems. Integrative approaches to science and technology will become more the norm in fields such as systems biology, soft condensed matter and other complex systems. Just like in nature, can we learn to adapt some of the great successes of industrial research laboratories to a university setting? I will take examples from materials science to delineate the roles of different entities so that a true pluralistic approach for science and technology can be facilitated to create the next revolution in our field.

Eula Bingham—Experience Bares “The Real World” and Smart Politics Saves Lives

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Mary Lee Dunn ◽  
Polly Hoppin ◽  
Beth Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
The Real ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Future

Eula Bingham, toxicologist and former head of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, is now at that place in her professional life where she can look back over her long career and identify its turning points and evaluate what worked and what didn't, what was important and what of lesser significance. In two interviews, she also looks at the present and the future and expresses concerns about the way we live now.

Serverless, FaaS and why organizations need them

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Irina Astrova ◽  
Arne Koschel ◽  
Marc Schaaf ◽  
Samuel Klassen ◽  
Kerim Jdiya
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Software Architectures ◽  
Service Platform ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
The Future ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Cloud Service Platform

This paper is aimed at helping organizations to understand what they can expect from a serverless architecture in the future and how they can make sound decisions about the choice between microservice and serverless architectures in the present. A serverless architecture is a new approach to offering services in the cloud. It was invented as a solution to the problem that many organizations are facing today – about 85% of their servers have underutilized capacity, which is proved to be costly and wasteful. By employing the serverless architecture, the organizations get a way to eliminate idle, underutilized servers and thus, to reduce their operational costs. Many cloud providers are now jumping to the serverless world because they know it is going to be the future of software architectures. However, being a new approach, the serverless architecture is still relatively immature – it is in the early stages of its support by cloud service platform providers. This paper provides an in-depth study about the serverless architecture and how to apply FaaS in the real world.

Is Imagination Constrained Enough for Science?

2019 ◽  
pp. 250-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deena Skolnick Weisberg
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Real World ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Thought Experiments ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Future ◽  
Practice Of Science

The imagination is a necessary tool for doing science, because it allows scientists to form hypotheses, make predictions about the future, and consider non-actual possibilities. But some have worried that the imagination is too unconstrained to be used in the service of scientific inquiry, which needs to be tied closely to reality. This chapter reviews these arguments and provides empirical evidence that the imagination is constrained enough for science. Both children and adults base their imagined worlds on the real world, and these worlds rarely stray from the causal structure of reality. And although the imagination may be subject to some biases that make certain kinds of worlds easier to imagine, these biases can be identified and corrected through training and enculturation in science. Finally, the conclusions drawn within an imagined context can be brought to bear appropriately on reality, allowing the results of thought experiments and hypothetical scenarios to inform the practice of science.

scholarly journals Verkondig Christus totdat hy kom! Die huidige denke binne die Evangeliese Beweging

1990 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Kritzinger
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Future ◽  
World Missions ◽  
Point Of Departure

World evangelisation within the Lausanne movement This article considers a number of key themes regarding world evangelisation. The point of departure is the second general conference of the Lausanne movement, which was held in Manila during July 1989. The first section gives some background to the Lausanne movement and events leading to this large and representative gathering. Secondly, some personal impressions gained at the conference itself are related. This is followed by a section on the Philippine setting of the conference, which played an important role in creating an atmosphere of involvement with the real world. The last section deals with some of the important issues arising from the conference. What should the future agenda be for world missions?

scholarly journals On properties of cyberattacks and their nuances

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jassim Happa ◽  
Michael Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Security Analysts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
The Future ◽  
Attack Models

Purpose Several attack models attempt to describe behaviours of attacks with the intent to understand and combat them better. However, all models are to some degree incomplete. They may lack insight about minor variations about attacks that are observed in the real world (but are not described in the model). This may lead to similar attacks being classified as the same type of attack, or in some cases the same instance of attack. The appropriate solution would be to modify the model or replace it entirely. However, doing so may be undesirable as the model may work well for most cases or time and resource constraints may factor in as well. This paper aims to explore the potential value of adding information about attacks and attackers to existing models. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates used cases of minor variations in attacks and how it may and may not be appropriate to communicate subtle differences in existing attack models through the use of annotations. In particular, the authors investigate commonalities across a range of existing models and identify where and how annotations may be helpful. Findings The authors propose that nuances (of attack properties) can be appended as annotations to existing attack models. Using annotations appropriately should enable analysts and researchers to express subtle but important variations in attacks that may not fit the model currently being used. Research limitations/implications This work only demonstrated a few simple, generic examples. In the future, the authors intend to investigate how this annotation approach can be extended further. Particularly, they intend to explore how annotations can be created computationally; the authors wish to obtain feedback from security analysts through interviews, identify where potential biases may arise and identify other real-world applications. Originality/value The value of this paper is that the authors demonstrate how annotations may help analysts communicate and ask better questions during identification of unknown aspects of attacks faster,e.g. as a means of storing mental notes in a structured manner, especially while facing zero-day attacks when information is incomplete.

Mapping the Dynamics of Science and Technology: Sociology of Science in the Real World.

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Cozzens ◽  
Michel Callon ◽  
John Law ◽  
Arie Rip
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Sociology Of Science ◽  
The Real ◽  
Dynamics Of Science

Pat Cadigan's Synners: Refiguring Nature, Science and Technology

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-84
Author(s):  
Laura Chernaik
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
The Real ◽  
American Thought

This article analyses an anti-essentialist SF novel, focusing on the extent to which anti-foundationalism enables a more accurate as well as a more productive representation of postmodernity. My argument stresses the ways in which Pat Cadigan's novel Synners, mostly because of its remarkable narrative form, challenges some of the most dangerous norms and normativity of American thought and culture. I argue, that, in order to understand this complex novel correctly, we must approach technoscience and transnational capitalism as separate, interacting discourses and material practices. The representations of technoscience, in the novel, are definitely not ‘figures’ for late capitalism: they are representations of a discourse which interacts with capitalism in the fictional world as in the real world. Contrary to what has been suggested by a number of critics writing about Foucault, use of this notion of discourse does not preclude use of notions of agency. As the queer theorists who have drawn on Foucault's work show, agency can be theorized in terms compatible with the notions of discourses, material practices and technologies. My discussion of Synners thus focuses on questions of agency, showing how Cadigan uses a deconstruction of Judeo-Christian religious tropes to argue for a responsible, and knowledgable, ‘incurably informed’ approach to technology.

Laying the foundation for evonomics

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sloan Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Real World ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Multilevel Selection ◽  
Major Step ◽  
The Real ◽  
Complex Systems Theory ◽  
Target Article

AbstractThe target article is a major step toward integrating the biological and human-related sciences. It is highly relevant to economics and public policy formulation in the real world, in addition to its basic scientific import. My commentary covers a number of points, including avoiding an excessively narrow focus on agriculture, the importance of multilevel selection and complex systems theory, and utopic versus dystopic scenarios for the future.

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