Vibrations Generated by Pressure Oscillations for Improving Neonates Breathing

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Al-Jumaily ◽  
P. I. Manilal ◽  
N. Prime
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Pressure Oscillations ◽  
Exciting Frequency ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cpap Devices

In this paper a structural analysis approach is developed to explain the relationship between the exciting pressure signals generated by the bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices and the vibration generated in the respiratory walls. It is demonstrated that the natural frequencies of the central airways in infants fall within the exciting frequency range, which helps in relaxing the respiratory walls, and gives them a better chance of faster recovery.

Effect of Pressure Oscillations on Neonatal Breathing

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Manilal ◽  
A. M. Al-Jumaily ◽  
N. Prime
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Lung Model ◽  
Pressure Oscillations ◽  
Bubble Cpap ◽  
Cpap Devices

Various methods of ventilation and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices have emerged to treat neonates suffering from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Among them is the Bubble CPAP device whose key distinguishing feature is the production of pressure oscillations, the presence of which has been suggested to offer added benefits to neonatal breathing. The mechanisms that cause these benefits, however, are not fully understood and many theories exist as to why pressure oscillations enhance the ventilation process. Using Simulink within Matlab environment, a mathematical model is developed to simulate the generation of pressure oscillations in the Bubble CPAP system and to investigate the mechanical response of the lung due to the pressure oscillations. Although the lung model incorporated in this investigation is simple, it gives a good trend of the lung behaviours under various pressure frequencies and amplitudes.

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Heart Failure: Review of Prevalence, Treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, and Prognosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himad K. Khattak ◽  
Faisal Hayat ◽  
Salpy V. Pamboukian ◽  
Harvey S. Hahn ◽  
Brian P. Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Relationship

Obstructive sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder that has a major impact on cardiovascular function. It has been associated with hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and heart failure. This review focuses on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure with either reduced or preserved ejection fraction. We discuss the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea, as well as its prevalence, treatment outcomes with continuous positive airway pressure, and prognosis in these 2 distinct types of heart failure. We also identify areas in which further work is needed to improve our understanding of this association in heart failure patients.

Comment on Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Device Claims

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-467
Author(s):  
George A. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Cpap Devices

As I travel around the country, I am becoming confused by some of the statements made by companies selling continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices. Their standard pitch is that somehow their devices are approved and tested. The question they can never answer is, approved by whom and tested under what circumstances? They also imply that devices which are handmade or built from existing parts (such as the ones we used for the original CPAP device) are somehow inferior to theirs.

Genioglossus activity available via non-arousal mechanisms vs. that required for opening the airway in obstructive apnea patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdy Younes ◽  
Andrea H. S. Loewen ◽  
Michele Ostrowski ◽  
John Laprairie ◽  
Frances Maturino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Obstructive Apnea ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Closing Pressure

It is generally believed that reflex recruitment of pharyngeal dilator muscles is insufficient to open the airway of obstructive apnea (OSA) patients once it is closed and, therefore, that arousal is required. Yet arousal promotes recurrence of obstruction. There is no information about how much dilator [genioglossus (GG)] activation is required to open the airway (GG Opening Threshold) or about the capacity of reflex mechanisms to increase dilator activity before/without arousal (Non-Arousal Activation). The relationship between these two variables is important for ventilatory stability. We measured both variables in 32 OSA patients (apnea-hypopnea index 74 ± 42 events/h). GG activity was monitored while patients were on optimal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Zopiclone was administered to delay arousal. Maximum GG activity (GGMAX) and airway closing pressure (PCRIT) were measured. During stable sleep CPAP was decreased to 1 cmH2O to induce obstructive events and the dial-downs were maintained until the airway opened with or without arousal. GG activity at the instant of opening (GG Opening Threshold) was measured. GG Opening Threshold averaged only 10.4 ± 9.5% GGMaxand did not correlate with PCRIT( r = 0.04). Twenty-six patients had >3 openings without arousal, indicating that Non-Arousal Activation can exceed GG Opening Threshold in the majority of patients. GG activity reached before arousal in Arousal-Associated Openings was only 5.4 ± 4.6% GGMAXbelow GG Opening Threshold. We conclude that in most patients GG activity required to open the airway is modest and can be reached by non-arousal mechanisms. Arousals occur in most cases just before non-arousal mechanisms manage to increase activity above GG Opening Threshold. Measures to reduce GG Opening Threshold even slightly may help stabilize breathing in many patients.

scholarly journals Determinants of adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy in adults with obstructive sleep apnea

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abel E. González Vélez ◽  
José A. De Castro Vergara ◽  
Andrea P. Neva García ◽  
Diana I. Castelblanco ◽  
Mario A. Isaza-Ruget
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Cpap Therapy ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Cpap Devices

Objectives Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) determines the effectiveness of the treat- ment. Likewise, the assessment of the control of the disease must consider the infor- mation referred by the patient, among other value-based health measures related to the satisfaction of the intervention. The objectives of this study were a) Determine the factors related to adherence to CPAP devices in subjects with OSA affiliated to an insurance company of the healthcare system in Colombia. b) Assess symptom control associated to the disease from the individual ́s perspective and his/her satisfaction with the treatment received. Materials and Methods 1,501 subjects with OSA were surveyed by telephone to explore: sociodemographic factors, habits and lifestyles, use of CPAP and its adverse events, control of the disease, comorbidities, access to care and therapy satisfaction. Using multilevel logistic regression techniques, the influence of the various factors on adherence to CPAP was analyzed, using Stata 13 software. Results Adherence to CPAP therapy was of 58% and the control of symptoms was of 41.7%. The factors that determined the use of CPAP were knowledge on how the device operates, and the disturbances during sleep due to the mask or nasal pad. The- rapy satisfaction was predominantly very good or good. Conclusion Even with moderate adherence values and a good experience with CPAP therapy, symptomatic control of the disease is poor. Many of the factors that affect the use of CPAP are modifiable with a proper approach by the devices ́ service provider.

“I Don’t Want to See Myself as a Disabled Person”

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Zarhin
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Cpap Devices

This article explains how the most recommended treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, acts and interacts with users’ bodies, sleep partners’ bodies, and cultural discourses to produce emotions and practices that generate the subjectivity of a disabled or abled person. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with OSA patients, this article illustrates how introducing CPAP devices into patients’ lives may disturb their sleep and breathing, diminish their independence, disfigure their appearance, and problematize intimacy with bed partners, thereby disrupting both the fleshy body and the culturally preferred image of a healthy, independent, and attractive individual. In response, many patients reject this treatment. (Dis)ability as a subjective state is shown to emerge from associations in a network composed of heterogeneous entities that have agency. That is, disabled subjectivity emerges when the device prevents individuals from accomplishing what they consider to be the essential and socially significant aspects of sleep and primarily its disembodied and interembodied aspects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document