A Finite Element Study of the Combined Effect of Fusion and Disc Degeneration on Adjacent Levels of the Lumbar Spine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshminarayan Hariharan ◽  
Farid Amirouche ◽  
Ravikumar Varadarajan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Degenerative Spondylolisthesis ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Common Solution

Intervertebral disc degeneration is believed to be the main cause of low back pain and has mostly been treated with lumbar interbody fusion or arthrodesis. Although fusion is a very common solution to low back pain it has been associated with disc degeneration and degenerative spondylolisthesis in the adjacent segment. A number of studies have been performed to study the effect of fusion, however there has not been any significant study to observe a fused spine with a degenerated disc at an adjacent level. This study involved a finite element model of the Lumbar spine L1-L5 which was fused with a bone graft at the L4-L5 level and degenerated in two stages at the L3-L4 level and also analyzed with reduced disc heights all in different cases.

Biomechanical Effect of Lumbar Disc Degeneration Under Flexion/Extension: A Finite Element Model Study

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lissette M. Ruberté ◽  
Raghu Natarajan ◽  
Gunnar B. J. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
Lumbar Disc Degeneration ◽  
Flexion Extension

Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a progressive pathological condition observed in 60 to 80% of the population [1]. It involves changes in both the biochemistry and morphology of the intervertebral disc and is associated with chronic low back pain, sciatica and adult scoliosis [2,3]. The most accepted theory of the effects of DDD on the kinematics of the spine is that proposed by Kirkaldy-Willis and Farfan which states that the condition initiates as a temporary dysfunction, followed by instability and then re-stabilization as the disease progresses [4]. Although there is no clear relationship between disc degeneration and the mechanical behavior of the lumbar spine, abnormal motion patterns either in the form of increased motion or erratic motion have been reported from studies on human cadaveric motion segments [5,6]. To date however no study has looked at how disc degeneration affects the adjacent segment mechanics. IN vivo testing is difficult for these purposes given that specimens are generally obtained from people at the later stages of life and consequently often display multiple pathologies. A finite element model is a viable alternative to study the mechanics of the segments adjacent to the diseased disc. It is hypothesized that moderate degeneration at one level will alter the kinematics of the whole lumbar spine.

Effect of Anulus Fibrosus Repair on Lumbar Spine Biomechanics

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kode ◽  
M. Gudipally ◽  
T. Takigawa ◽  
A. A. Espinoza Orías ◽  
R. Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Spine Biomechanics ◽  
Anulus Fibrosus ◽  
Segmental Instability

Low back pain is sometimes related to, but not necessarily caused by, anulus fibrosus (AF) ruptures. Studies on low back pain have estimated an annual incidence of 5% and prevalence of 15% to 20% in United States alone [1]. Disc degeneration with or without herniation is frequently implicated in low back pain and sciatica, and is believed to be associated with segmental instability of the spine [2].

Modic changes of the lumbar spine: prevalence, risk factors, and association with disc degeneration and low back pain in a large-scale population-based cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence P.S. Mok ◽  
Dino Samartzis ◽  
Jaro Karppinen ◽  
Daniel Y.T. Fong ◽  
Keith D.K. Luk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Modic Changes ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Scale Population

scholarly journals Consumer understanding of terms used in imaging reports requested for low back pain: a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e049938
Author(s):  
Caitlin Farmer ◽  
Denise A O'Connor ◽  
Hopin Lee ◽  
Kirsten McCaffery ◽  
Christopher Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Modic Changes ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fear Of Movement ◽  
Spine Imaging ◽  
History Of

ObjectivesTo investigate (1) self-reported societal comprehension of common and usually non-serious terms found in lumbar spine imaging reports and (2) its relationship to perceived seriousness, likely persistence of low back pain (LBP), fear of movement, back beliefs and history and intensity of LBP.DesignCross-sectional online survey of the general public.SettingFive English-speaking countries: UK, USA, Canada, New Zealand and Australia.ParticipantsAdults (age >18 years) with or without a history of LBP recruited in April 2019 with quotas for country, age and gender.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-reported understanding of 14 terms (annular fissure, disc bulge, disc degeneration, disc extrusion, disc height loss, disc protrusion, disc signal loss, facet joint degeneration, high intensity zone, mild canal stenosis, Modic changes, nerve root contact, spondylolisthesis and spondylosis) commonly found in lumbar spine imaging reports. For each term, we also elicited worry about its seriousness, and whether its presence would indicate pain persistence and prompt fear of movement.ResultsFrom 774 responses, we included 677 (87.5%) with complete and valid responses. 577 (85%) participants had a current or past history of LBP of whom 251 (44%) had received lumbar spine imaging. Self-reported understanding of all terms was poor. At best, 235 (35%) reported understanding the term ‘disc degeneration’, while only 71 (10.5%) reported understanding the term ‘Modic changes’. For all terms, a moderate to large proportion of participants (range 59%–71%), considered they indicated a serious back problem, that pain might persist (range 52%–71%) and they would be fearful of movement (range 42%–57%).ConclusionCommon and usually non-serious terms in lumbar spine imaging reports are poorly understood by the general population and may contribute to the burden of LBP.Trial registration numberACTRN12619000545167.

Severe low back pain with mild leg symptoms due to lumbar spine stenosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ryo Kanematsu ◽  
Junya Hanakita ◽  
Toshiyuki Takahashi ◽  
Manabu Minami ◽  
Kazuhiro Miyasaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Low Back
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