Key Results From Implementation of a Renewable Power Mini-Grid Research and Demonstration Program in California’s Chino Basin

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Lilly ◽  
Max Carpenter ◽  
George Simons ◽  
Hank Zaininger
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Demonstration Program ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
California Energy Commission ◽  
Renewable Distributed Generation ◽  
Program Support

Developing approaches that can improve the value and “affordability” of renewable distributed generation (DG) is a key factor in developing a sustainable market. Program support activity is increasing in the U.S. in response to the 21+ states that have legislated Renewable Portfolio Standards. This paper addresses technology performance and related market entry barriers of several new innovative applications intended to increase the amount of available and harvested biogas resources, incorporate high-value applications of building-applied photovoltaics (BA-PV) and develop a more complete understanding of the impacts of these renewable DG resources upon the local electric distribution system — with the goal of achieving significantly positive net benefits to project owners/developers, their host customer facility operations, and to the serving electric and gas utilities. The overarching goal of this $10 million co-funded California Energy Commission and Commerce Energy Public Interest Energy Research Program (PIER) was to provide effective and more affordable renewable energy solutions within the Chino Basin, while applicable throughout California through specific targeted technology and market demonstrations that will lead to development of a sustainable market for on-site power generation using several types of biogas fuel and solar photovoltaic energy resources. Key outcomes resulting from the Program conclude that approximately 28 to 50 MW of PV and biogas distributed resources are expected to be developed in the nonresidential market segment alone through 2012, representing about 10 percent of Southern California Edison’s total peak load in the basin. Distribution system deferral benefits to SCE are location-specific. Up to $4.4 million in system deferral benefits may be achieved from this incremental renewable generation within the basin. Based on this first California Energy Commission-supported Programmatic RD&D approach, this paper explores the following questions: 1) How can electric grid benefits resulting from a geographically targeted renewable distributed generation effort be more fully quantified and improved? 2) Will the applications of food waste codigestion (with the local dairy waste), or ultrasound technology (applying high concentrations of sonic energy) improve waste activated sludge solids destruction and increase biogas production efficiency and onsite power generation at municipal/regional wastewater treatment facilities? 3) Can side-by-side testing and evaluation of 13 separate photovoltaic systems lead to a recommended format for an independent Consumer Reports style evaluation of the PV industry’s leaders in nonresidential and building-applied applications? These answers and other important results regarding the latest biogas and solar PV technology and their associated benefits and costs that were implemented within the 565 MVA Commerce Energy/SCE distribution system mini-grid are summarized in this paper. An overall program description and project descriptions for each biogas/PV project and associated final report documentation can be downloaded from the Commerce Energy PIER Program website at http://www.pierminigrid.org/.

scholarly journals Integrating the PV-Diesel Hybrid System for Reliability Improvement in Distribution System

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cho Cho Myint ◽  
Ohn Zin Lin ◽  
Soe Soe Ei Aung
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Reliability Indices

In Myanmar, as the main power generation is hydro power generation. the utility cannot supply sufficient power to customers during the dry season. Besides interruptions occur frequently due to aging system and lack of prospered protection. Therefore, reliability is an urgent issue in Myanmar. As a result of unbalance between generation and load, the distribution system is getting poor voltage profile, instability and high power losses in high load condition. According to network characteristics, the failure of a component always leads to consequence interruption in a radial distribution system.  Therefore, it is a must consideration to mitigate these challenges to enhance the system reliability. There are many techniques to solve the reliability problems such as reclosers, switching devices (manual and automated switches), system reconfiguration, feeder re-conducting and integration of distributed generation (DG). In this paper, system reliability assessment is evaluated in detail with the integration of the distributed generation such as PV-Diesel Hybrid System. The location of DG is chosen according to the expected energy not supply (EENS) and the voltage drop in proposed system. Next, the optimal sizing of DG is chosen depends on the penetration level of generator. Reliability indices can be evaluated depending on the failure rate(λ), repair time(r) and annual outage time(U) in Electrical Transient and Analysis Program (ETAP) software. The case study of this thesis is carried out in 33/11 kV network which is connected Kyatminton Substation, Kyaukse, Middle Myanmar.

Distributed Generation Integration to Grid using Multi-Level CHB Inverter

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Velishala Ramu ◽  
P. Satish Kumar ◽  
G. N Sreenivas
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Grid Integration ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Strategy Performance

Environmental conditions, electrical modeling and developments in industries led to new power generation epoch where fat section of power required for load section is fed through extensive induction of distributed resources generally known as distributed generation [DG]. Distributed generation reduces the risk of environmental pollution and distance criterion posed from conventional power generation. This paper presents grid integration scheme of distributed generation using five-level cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) inverter. Reference currents used to produce pulses for switches in CHB are generated using a simple control strategy. Performance of the system was evaluated when only active power is fed from distributed generation to grid and also when both active and reactive powers were fed to grid from distributed generation. Proposed system was developed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software and results are presented.

Protection Scheme for Distribution Network with Distributed Generation

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 1376-1380
Author(s):  
Chong Xin Xu ◽  
Yan Jun Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Network Protection ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Comprehensive Judgment

Power generation becomes a main way of using new energy. However, the access of distributed generation(DG) causes the ordinary protection system develop a series of problems. In this paper, the structure of distribution network with DG is introduced firstly.Secondly,it is analysed that the effect that DG brings to distribution network protection, and then a new protection scheme of distribution network with DG is put forward. The segment I, II of direction three-current protection on the line which is at the upstream of DG, and the next line’s segment I, II consists of a simple communication unit. Through the comprehensive judgment of two protections’ action results, fault can be isolated in minimum range quickly and accurately. Finally, the correctness and feasibility of the new protection principle are verified by simulating a 10KV distribution system.

An Intelligent Sensor Framework for the Power Grid

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bora Akyol ◽  
Jereme Haack ◽  
Cody Tews ◽  
Brandon Carpenter ◽  
Anand Kulkarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Micro Grids

The number of sensors connected to the electric power system is expected to grow by several orders of magnitude by 2020. However, the information networks which will transmit and analyze the resulting data are ill-equipped to handle the resulting volume with reliable real-time delivery. Without the ability to manage and use this data, deploying sensors such as phasor measurement units in the transmission system and smart meters in the distribution system will not result in the desired improvements in the power grid. The ability to exploit the massive data being generated by new sensors would allow for more efficient flow of power and increased survivability of the grid. Additionally, the power systems of today are not capable of managing two-way power flow to accommodate distributed generation capabilities due to concerns about system stability and lack of system flexibility. The research that we are performing creates a framework to add “intelligence” to the sensors and actuators being used today in the electric power system. Sensors that use our framework will be capable of sharing information through the various layers of the electric power system to enable two-way information flow to help facilitate integration of distributed resources. Several techniques are considered including use of peer-to-peer communication as well as distributed agents. Specifically, we will have software agents operating on systems with differing levels of computing power. The agents will cooperate to bring computation closer to the data. The types of computation considered are control decisions, data analysis, and demand/response. When paired with distributed autonomous controllers, the sensors form the basis of an information system that supports deployment of both micro-grids and islanding. Our efforts in the area of developing the next generation information infrastructure for sensors in the power grid form the basis of a broader strategy that enables better integration of distributed generation, distribution automation systems and decentralized control (micro-grids).

Research of the Effects of On-Grid Distributed Generation on Traditional Distribution Network

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 1148-1155
Author(s):  
Dong Mei Zhao ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Distributed Power ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Network Losses ◽  
Typical Distribution ◽  
Technical Features

This paper is focused on technical features of large-capacity distributed power generation and takes the example 33 in distribution system as illustration. What is more, the paper analyzes how injection capacity and access locations of distributed generation can affect voltage and network losses. The analysis carries out the trend that indicators changing regarding to change in injection capacity and access locations. Take a typical distribution network of 10kV with distributed power for example, and analysis what affect will happen to the access point upstream, downstream and adjacent current protection that brings by the distributed generation. It is concluded that the main factor that restrains distributed power capacity in photovoltaic power generation is voltage fluctuation and the relay operation of distributed system.

scholarly journals Multi-objective Pareto based Optimal Placement and Sizing of Solar PV and Wind Generation System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Wind Generation ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Wind Generation System

Appropriate placement and sizing of distributed generation is required for reducing power loss and improvement in voltage profile of power system. Solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy are two prominent sources of distributed generation. In this paper, the authors propose a novel method to analyze the optimal placement and sizing of the solar PV and wind generation system in a radial distribution system..A multi objective function is selected for optimal siting and sizing. A 33-bus distribution system has been considered for testing the developed algorithm. Optimal location is obtained by placing DG source at each bus and satisfying objective function. Jaya algorithm is implemented for optimal sizing of PV and wind system. Also the system has been analyzed by placing the solar PV and Wind generation system independently and then simultaneously.

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