Large Scale Fracture Mechanics Testing

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Brumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Short Overview ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Leak Before Break ◽  
Reactor Pressure

This paper gives a short overview of experimental programs using large scale models/experiments realized in the Czech Republic with the aim to support the reactor pressure components of WWER type reactors. One part of the program was concentrated on reactor pressure vessel components only. It contained flat specimens with defects on one side and models with stress concentrators (nozzles, bolting joints) on the other side. Second part of the program was a part of the LBB (Leak-before-break) project applied to all WWER safety related pipings. Large scale models with defects, located in heterogenous (safe-end) as well as homogenous welds are described.

Criminal Responsibility and the System of Sanctioning Juvenile Offenders in the Czech Republic and Hungary

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250
Author(s):  
Bronislava Coufalová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Criminal Career ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Legal Literature

Abstract The criminal responsibility and the system of sanctioning juvenile offenders is one of fundamental criminal law issues. Individuals who start a criminal career early on are usually not easy to reintegrate into normal life. That is one reason why it is neces­sary to discuss the problem of juvenile justice in depth. The legal literature in the Czech Republic is devoted to this topic on a large scale, however Hungarian legislation has not yet been analysed fo purposes of comparation. The Czech Republic and Hungary fall under the United Nations categorization to Eastern Europe and therefore certain similar features can be assumed. On the other hand any identified differences may be the basis for future changes of the legislation.

scholarly journals The development of regional differentiation of office construction in the Czech Republic: 1990–2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Pavel Domalewski ◽  
Jan Baxa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Dominant Position

Abstract The factors that were crucial for the construction of administrative buildings in the regional capitals of the Czech Republic are subject to examination in this article. One primary question is whether the development of office construction reflects the qualitative importance of the cities, or whether there are some other regularities in the spatial distribution of construction. To identify the key factors, controlled interviews with experts professionally involved in the construction of administrative buildings were carried out, and these data were then extended as part of a large-scale questionnaire survey with other experts on the issue. The results have confirmed the dominant position of the capital city of Prague in terms of its qualitative importance, as the remaining regional capitals have less than one-tenth of the volume of modern office building areas. The greatest differences in the construction of administrative buildings have been noted in Brno and Ostrava, despite the fact that they exhibit similar characteristics when considered in the light of respondent-determined factors.

Reactor Pressure Vessel Integrity Assessment: French Simplified Analysis Method Applied to Underclad Postulated Defect in Nozzle

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo Arrieta-Ruiz ◽  
Eric Meister ◽  
Stéphane Vidard
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Reactor Pressure Vessel ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
The Core ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Reactor Pressure

Structural integrity of the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) is one of the main concerns regarding safety and lifetime of Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) since this component is considered as not reasonably replaceable. Fast fracture risk is the main potential damage considered in the integrity assessment of RPV. In France, deterministic integrity assessment for RPV vis-à-vis the brittle fracture risk is based on the crack initiation stage. As regards the core area in particular, the stability of an under-clad postulated flaw is currently evaluated under a Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) through a dedicated fracture mechanics simplified method called “beta method”. However, flaw stability analyses are also carried-out in several other areas of the RPV. Thence-forward performing uniform simplified inservice analyses of flaw stability is a major concern for EDF. In this context, 3D finite element elastic-plastic calculations with flaw modelling in the nozzle have been carried out recently and the corresponding results have been compared to those provided by the beta method, codified in the French RSE-M code for under-clad defects in the core area, in the most severe events. The purpose of this work is to validate the employment of the core area fracture mechanics simplified method as a conservative approach for the under-clad postulated flaw stability assessment in the complex geometry of the nozzle. This paper presents both simplified and 3D modelling flaw stability evaluation methods and the corresponding results obtained by running a PTS event. It shows that the employment of the “beta method” provides conservative results in comparison to those produced by elastic-plastic calculations for the cases here studied.

Complex Monitoring Programme for WWER Reactor Pressure Vessels Lifetime Assessment in the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Brumovsky ◽  
Milos Kytka ◽  
Petr Novosad ◽  
Jiri Brynda
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Neutron Fluence ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Complex Monitoring ◽  
Metal Weld ◽  
Reactor Pressure

Lifetime of reactor pressure vessels practically depends on a level of degradation of RPV material properties during operation. The most important degradating mechanism of RPV materials is usually radiation damage, characterized by values on neutron fluence on one side and radiation embrittlement of RPV materials on the second side. WWER reactor pressure vessels in the Czech Republic are a subject of a very thorough and complex monitoring program, that includes: • Standard material surveillance program containing of WWER-440 RPV materials — base metal, weld metal, heat affected zone, but irradiated with high lead factor (13 to 18), • Supplementary surveillance program of WWER-440 RPV materials, including additionally austenitic cladding materials, IAEA reference material JRQ irradiated with low lead factor (2 to 3) with parts subjected to annealing and re-irradiation after annealing, • Modified surveillance program of WWER-1000 RPV materials — base metal, weld metal, heat affected zone, cladding materials, IAEA reference JRQ material irradiated in low lead factor (2 to 3) near RPV inner beltline region, • Integrated surveillance specimen program for WWER-1000 reactor including materials from NPP Temelin (Czech Republic), Belene (Bulgaria), Kalinin (Russia) and Ukranian NPPs, • Continous exvessel monitoring of neutron fluence on outer RPV surface for both WWER-440 and WWER-1000 plants, • Neutron fluence determination on inner RPV surface (austenitic cladding) using special technique for removal of specimens from cladding for Nb activity measurements, • Ex-vessel temperature measurements during RPV operation. All these programs serve for precision of operation conditions and determination of degradation of RPV materials for RPV integrity and lifetime assessment.

scholarly journals Recent verification activities on probabilistic fracture mechanics analysis code PASCAL4 for reactor pressure vessel

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-00573-19-00573
Author(s):  
Kai LU ◽  
Jinya KATSUYAMA ◽  
Yinsheng LI ◽  
Yuhei MIYAMOTO ◽  
Takatoshi HIROTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Reactor Pressure Vessel ◽  
Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Mechanics Analysis ◽  
Reactor Pressure

scholarly journals Ground beetles (Carabidae) from slopes of Macošská stráň and Vilémovická stráň (Protected landscape area of Moravský kras, Czech Republic)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Niedobová ◽  
Vladimír Hula ◽  
Pavla Šťastná
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Group A

Collecting of Carabidae was conducted using pitfall traps at four sites. The first two sites (T1 + T2) were at the slope of Macošská stráň and the other two sites (T3 + T4) at the slope of Vilémovická stráň. The study was done in 2008 and 2009. At Macošská stráň in 2008, 21 species of Carabidae with the total number of 228 individuals were found and in 2009, 18 species of the total number of 116 specimens were collected. At Vilémovická stráň in 2008, 22 species of Carabidae with the total number of 1977 specimens were found and in 2009, 21 species of the total number of 623 specimens were caught. In terms of classification of relictness, Macošská stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of adaptable group A (60%), species of eurytop group (E) were represented by 35% and of relic group (R) by 5%. In 2009, the same representation of species of groups A and E (47%) were found and the species of group R were represented by 6%. Vilémovická stráň in 2008 was dominated by species of group A (52%), species of group E were represented by 43% and of group R by 5%. In 2009 also dominated species of group A (54%), species of group E were represented by 41% and of group R by 5%. In the studied area we reported four endangered species of Carabidae protected by Law (No. 395/1992 Coll.) as amended, these were Calosoma auropunctatum (critically endangered), Brachinus crepitans, Carabus ullrichii and Cicindela campestris (endangered) and two species listed under the Red List of Threatened Species of the Czech Republic (Veselý et al., 2005). One of the species is listed as vulnerable (Calosoma auropunctatum) and one as near endangered (Carabus cancellatus). Another significant species found on the monitored sites was Aptinus bombarda.

scholarly journals Spiders of the Vine Plants in Southern Moravia

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1471-1476
Author(s):  
Lucie Havlová ◽  
Vladimír Hula ◽  
Jana Niedobová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Other ◽  
Important Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Southern Moravia ◽  
Different Parts

Araneofauna of vineyards is relatively known in Central Europe but we have a lack of knowledge about araneofauna which occur directly on the vine plants. Our investigation was focused on spiders which live on vine plants, especially on the vine plants trunks. We investigated spiders in six vineyards in southern Moravia (Šatov, Mikulov, Popice, Morkůvky, Nosislav and Blučina). Vineyards were under different soil management, traps were placed on different parts of particular locality (terraced and plain) and all localities were under integrated pest management. We employed two types of cardboard traps for spider collecting during whole vegetation season. Altogether, we collected 21 spider species which belong to seven families. The most important species was Marpissa nivoyi (Lucas, 1836), which is mentioned in the Red List as vulnerable (VU) and Sibianor tantulus (Simon, 1868) which had unknown distribution in the Czech Republic. The other very interesting result is that the most common species is myrmecomorph Synageles venator (Lucas, 1836), which is scarcely recorded in such huge numbers as we documented in our study.

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