Experiment Study of High-Temperature and High-Flow Rate Naphthenic Acid Corrosion

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Jiang ◽  
Xuedong Chen ◽  
Tiecheng Yang ◽  
Zongchuan Qin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Naphthenic Acid ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Wall Turbulence

The corrosion behaviors of 321 and 316L austenitic stainless steel in high-temperature and high-flow rate naphthenic acid medium were investigated by pipe-flow and jet-impingement method. The influence of temperature and erosion angle on naphthenic acid corrosion resistance for stainless steel was analyzed. The results indicate that the naphthenic acid corrosion rate increased with increasing temperature and velocity. At the same temperature, the corrosion rate at 90° erosion angle is greater than that at 0°. The present experimental results are very close to those in API 581. Simulation results indicate that, where the mutation of flow direction occurs around the specimen, the near-wall turbulence intensities are very large by both experimental methods. Moreover, by comparing both the simulation and experimental results, it can be found that the naphthenic acid corrosion is very severe in areas of high turbulence.

scholarly journals The Enhancement of Pre-Storage Filtration Efficiency for the Rainwater Harvesting System in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Yoong Sion Ong ◽  
Ken Sim Ong ◽  
Y.k. Tan ◽  
Azadeh Ghadimi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Filter Screen ◽  
Water Piping

A conventional design of rainwater harvesting system collects and directs the rainwater through water piping from roof of building to the water storage. The filtration system which locates before the water tank storage and first flush bypass system is the main focus of the research. A filtration system consists of a control volume of filter compartment, filter screen (stainless steel mesh) and water piping that direct the water flow. The filtration efficiency of an existing filter “3P Volume Filter VF1” by industrial company is enhanced. A full scale filter design prototype with filter screen of 1000 μm stainless steel metal mesh is tested to compare with the original filter system design. Three types of water inlet setups are tested. Among the proposed water inlet setups, the 90° inlet setup with extension provides the best filtration rate per unit time, following by the 45° inlet setup. The 45° and 90° inlet setup has similar filtration efficiency at low to medium flow rate while 45° inlet setup has better efficiency at high flow rate. The filtration efficiency with the 90° inlet setup with extension is observed to maintain at highest value at medium to high flow rate. The overall filtration performance achieved by the 90° inlet setup with extension at low to high flow rate is between 34.1 to 35.7%.

Study on High-Temperature Naphthenic Acid Corrosion of Type 304 and Type 316L Stainless Steel and Their Welded Joints

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhou Fang ◽  
Zhiping Chen ◽  
Lei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Acid Corrosion ◽  
Naphthenic Acid ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Type 316L ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Type 316L Stainless Steel

High-temperature naphthenic acid corrosion (HNAC) behaviors of type 304 and type 316L stainless steel have been investigated in the laboratory with the experimental devices, that were designed and built by ourselves and had applied a patent, to evaluate the resistance of the base metal and their welded joints to the HNAC. Corrosion dependencies on the test temperature (ranging 220–320°C), total acid number (TAN) (ranging 1.86–32.0 mg KOH/g) and media physical states (liquid or vapor) were assessed. Specimens after HNAC tests were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. A database of corrosion rates of type 304 and type 316L steel in high-temperature naphthenic acid solution was established. It was found that the HNAC resistance of both type 304 and type 316L degraded rapidly with increasing temperature and TAN. The tests which were conducted simultaneity in liquid media and gas media revealed that both the type 304 and type 316L stainless steel with weld showed worse HNAC compared to the type 304 and type 316L base metal at all temperatures in liquid media, but the difference between them was not obvious. In gas media, the HNAC rates of the type 304 and type 316L stainless steels with welds were greater than those without welds.

Effects of Water Flow Rate on Fatigue Life of Structural Steels Under Simulated BWR Environment

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Hirano ◽  
Katsumi Sakaguchi ◽  
Tetsuo Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Sulfur Concentration ◽  
Type 304

Fatigue tests in simulated LWR environment of carbon and stainless steels were performed under high water flow rates between 7 to 10 m/s. For carbon steel, high flow rate of water clearly mitigated the environmental effect on the fatigue life at the high sulfur concentration of 0.016% which caused high environmental effect on a fatigue life. On the contrary, high flow rate of water slightly enhanced the environmental effect at the low sulfur concentration at or less than 0.008% which caused very low environmental effect. These results suggested that the environmental fatigue life under various flow rate conditions should be determined by the combination between the mitigating effect caused by flushing of the severe local environment and the enhancing effect caused by increase in corrosion potential. Low alloy steel showed the similar behavior as carbon steel. For stainless steel, flow rate had little effect on the fatigue life of type 316NG stainless steel. It suggested that there was no role of water flushing. For type 304 and 304L stainless steel, fatigue life has a tendency to decrease with increase in water flow rate. Fatigue lives of type 304 stainless steel under high flow rate of 7 to 10 m/s were shorter than those predicted by proposed fatigue life prediction equation by the Japanese EFT committee. This effect should be considered in an evaluation of environmental fatigue. No water flow effect was found in cast stainless steel.

Modeling and Experimental Study of Flow Forces for Unstable Valve Design

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghui Yuan ◽  
Perry Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Valve Design ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuators ◽  
New Models

Single stage electrohydraulic flow control valves are currently not suitable in high flow rate and high frequency applicaitons. This is due to the very significant flow induced forces and the power/force limitation of electromagnetic actuators that directly stokes the spool. An unstable valve has been proposed that can utilize the flow forces to achieve fast responses at high flow rate. In this paper, we model the flow forces, including both steady and transient, of a directional flow control valve for incompressible and viscous fluid. In particular, the viscosity effect and non-orifice flux are investigated. The new models have been verified by CFD analysis to be more accurate than the old models. The paper also presents a systematic experimental study on the flow forces, in particular on the steady flow forces. The estimates according to our new models, revised slightly due to the limitation of the experiment, are consistent with the experimental results. Both the experimental results and the modeling estimation show that, for an unstable valve with negative damping length, both transient and steady flow forces can help to achieve the higher spool agility. The satisfactory modeling and experimental study on the flow forces give us a grounding for the future research of unstable valve design.

Effects of Water Flow Rate on Fatigue Life of Carbon and Stainless Steels in Simulated LWR Environment

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Hirano ◽  
Michiyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Katsumi Sakaguchi ◽  
Tetsuo Shoji
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Sulfur Concentration ◽  
Rate Condition

Fatigue tests in simulated LWR environment of carbon and stainless steels were performed under high water flow rates between 7 to 10 m/s. For carbon steel, high flow rate of water clearly mitigated the environmental effect on a fatigue life at the high sulfur concentration of 0.016 wt% which caused high environmental effect on a fatigue life. On the contrary, high flow rate of water slightly enhanced the environmental effect at the low sulfur concentration at or less than 0.008 wt% which caused very low environmental effect. These results suggested that the environmental fatigue life under various flow rate conditions should be determined by the combination between the mitigating effect caused by flushing of locally severe environment and the enhancing effect caused by increase in corrosion potential. To understand those effects, effects of sulfur concentration on fatigue life for various DO condition were formulated. And corrosion potential under low and high flow rate condition was measured during the fatigue test. Environmental correction factor, Fen, which is the ratio of fatigue lives derived from the fatigue life at room temperature in air divided by that in water to be used for the fatigue life prediction at high flow rate condition was assumed based on the MITI guideline equation and considering the hypothetical fatigue life under sulfur free condition and high corrosion potential condition. This assumption was agreed very well with the test data. For stainless steel, flow rate had little effect on a fatigue life of type 316 stainless steel. It suggested that there was no role of water flushing. For type 304 stainless steel, fatigue life has a tendency to decrease with increase in water flow rate. Fatigue lives of type 304 stainless steel under high flow rate of 7 to 10 m/s were shorter than those predicted by MITI guideline equation. This effect should be considered in an evaluation of environmental fatigue.

Confirmation of high flow rate chaos in the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction

1992 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Gyorgyi ◽  
Richard J. Field ◽  
Zoltan Noszticzius ◽  
William D. McCormick ◽  
Harry L. Swinney
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Flow ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Belousov Zhabotinskii Reaction
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document