Measurement of Fracture Properties for Ferritic Steel in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Iijima ◽  
Hisatake Itoga ◽  
Bai An ◽  
Chris San Marchi ◽  
Brian P. Somerday
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Crack Arrest ◽  
Elastic Compliance ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Fracture Properties ◽  
Constant Displacement ◽  
Subcritical Cracking ◽  
Applied Displacement ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Recently, the measurement of threshold stress intensity factors for various low alloy ferritic steels in high-pressure hydrogen gas of 103 MPa was performed, and it was revealed that the subcritical cracking threshold under rising displacement was lower than the subcritical cracking threshold for crack arrest under constant displacement. These experimental results demonstrate the importance of the testing method for evaluating the fracture properties in high-pressure hydrogen gas. We measured the subcritical cracking threshold under rising displacement for ASME SA-372 Grade J ferritic steels in high-pressure hydrogen gas at pressure up to 115MPa. In contrast to other reported procedures where the applied displacement was increased continuously, in this study crack length was determined using an unloading elastic compliance method. The values of the subcritical cracking threshold measured by the unloading elastic compliance method are consistent with previous measurements in which the applied displacement continuously increased. These results suggest the possibility that subcritical cracking thresholds do not depend on the applied displacement path, i.e., periodic unloading vs. continuously rising displacement.

Fracture Properties of a Cr-Mo Ferritic Steel in High-Pressure Gaseous Hydrogen

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Iijima ◽  
Hisatake Itoga ◽  
Bai An ◽  
Chris San Marchi ◽  
Brian P. Somerday
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Threshold Stress ◽  
Crack Extension ◽  
Elastic Compliance ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Gaseous Hydrogen ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Displacement Rate ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Recently, the measurement of threshold stress intensity factors for various low alloy ferritic steels was performed in high-pressure hydrogen gas, and it was revealed that the threshold for subcritical crack extension under rising displacement was lower than that for crack arrest under constant displacement. We previously examined the threshold for subcritical crack extension of ASME SA-372 Grade J ferritic steels using an unloading elastic compliance method in gaseous hydrogen at pressure up to 115 MPa, and reported that the cracking thresholds under the unloading elastic compliance method are consistent with the cracking threshold under the continuously rising displacement method. In the current study, the threshold stress intensity factor of JIS SCM 435 steel with yield strength of 700 MPa was measured using the unloading compliance method in high-pressure hydrogen gas. The roles of environmental (gas pressure) and testing (displacement rate) parameters were evaluated. The hydrogen gas pressure ranged from 10 to 115 MPa, and the displacement rate was varied between 2×10−3 and 2×10−5 mm/s. The measured values of the threshold for subcritical crack extension, KJIC,H, decreased with either increasing hydrogen gas pressure or decreasing displacement rate. When the hydrogen pressure was 115 MPa, however, the cracking threshold showed a modest dependence on displacement rate, varying from 63 to 43 MPa m1/2. These results demonstrate that the measurement conditions, such as the hydrogen pressure and the displacement rate, affect values of the subcritical cracking threshold under rising displacement.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Crack-Tip Strain and Subcritical Cracking Thresholds for Steels in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Nibur ◽  
Brian P. Somerday ◽  
Chris San Marchi ◽  
James W. Foulk ◽  
Mohsen Dadfarnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Subcritical Cracking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

scholarly journals Proposal of Design Method Enabling Cr-Mo Steels to be Used in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas Environment

Hyomen Kagaku ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
Hisao MATSUNAGA ◽  
Junichiro YAMABE ◽  
Saburo MATSUOKA
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Gas Environment ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Crack Growth Analysis of High-Pressure Equipment for Hydrogen Storage

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Y. Li ◽  
C. L. Zhou ◽  
Y. Z. Zhao ◽  
Z. L. Hua ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Crack growth analysis (CGA) was applied to estimate the cycle life of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment constructed by the practical materials of 4340 (two heats), 4137, 4130X, A286, type 316 (solution-annealed (SA) and cold-worked (CW)), and type 304 (SA and CW) in 45, 85 and 105 MPa hydrogen and air. The wall thickness was calculated following five regulations of the High Pressure Gas Safety Institute of Japan (KHK) designated equipment rule, KHKS 0220, TSG R0002, JB4732, and ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 3. We also applied CGA for four typical model materials to discuss the effect of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), pressure and hydrogen sensitivity on the cycle life of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment. Leak before burst (LBB) was confirmed in all practical materials in hydrogen and air. The minimum KIC required for LBB of the model material with UTS of even 1500 MPa was 170 MPa·m0.5 in 105 MPa. Cycle life qualified 103 cycles for all practical materials in air. In 105 MPa hydrogen, the cycle life by KIH was much shorter than that in air for two heats of 4340 and 4137 sensitive to hydrogen gas embrittlement (HGE). The cycle life of type 304 (SA) sensitive to HGE was almost above 104 cycles in hydrogen, while the cycle life of type 316 (SA and CW) was not affected by hydrogen and that of A286 in hydrogen was near to that in air. It was discussed that the cycle life increased with decreasing pressure or UTS in hydrogen. This behavior was due to that KIH increased or fatigue crack growth (FCG) decreased with decreasing pressure or UTS. The cycle life data of the model materials under the conditions of the pressure, UTS, KIH, FCG and regulations in both hydrogen and air were proposed quantitatively for materials selection for high-pressure hydrogen storage.

Development of New Material Testing Apparatus in High-Pressure Hydrogen and Evaluation of Hydrogen Gas Embrittlement of Metals

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Fukuyama ◽  
Masaaki Imade ◽  
Kiyoshi Yokogawa
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Material Testing ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicle ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

A new type of apparatus for material testing in high-pressure gas of up to 100 MPa was developed. The apparatus consists of a pressure vessel and a high-pressure control system that applies the controlled pressure to the pressure vessel. A piston is installed inside a cylinder in the pressure vessel, and a specimen is connected to the lower part of the piston. The load is caused by the pressure difference between the upper room and the lower room separated by the piston, which can be controlled to a loading mode by the pressure valves of the high-pressure system supplying gas to the vessel. Hydrogen gas embrittlement (HGE) and internal reversible hydrogen embrittlement (IRHE) of austenitic stainless steels and iron- and nickel-based superalloys used for high-pressure hydrogen storage of fuel cell vehicle were evaluated by conducting tensile tests in 70 MPa hydrogen. Although the HGE of these metals depended on modified Ni equivalent, the IRHE did not. The HGE of austenitic stainless steels was larger than their IRHE; however, the HGE of superalloys was not always larger than their IRHE. The effects of the chemical composition and metallic structure of these materials on the HGE and IRHE were discussed. The HGE of austenitic stainless steels was examined in 105 MPa hydrogen. The following were identified; SUS304: HGE in stage II, solution-annealed SUS316: HGE in stage III, sensitized SUS316: HGE in stage II, SUS316L: HGE in FS, SUS316LN: HGE in stage III and SUS310S: no HGE.

Breakdown characteristic of high pressure hydrogen gas subnanosecond switch

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1417-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
刘胜 Liu Sheng ◽  
樊亚军 Fan Yajun ◽  
石磊 Shi Lei ◽  
朱四桃 Zhu Sitao ◽  
夏文锋 Xia Wenfeng
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen
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