Hydrogen trapped at intermetallic particles in aluminum alloy 6061-T6 exposed to high-pressure hydrogen gas and the reason for high resistance against hydrogen embrittlement

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (38) ◽  
pp. 24560-24568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Yamabe ◽  
Tohru Awane ◽  
Yukitaka Murakami
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Aluminum Alloy 6061 ◽  
Intermetallic Particles ◽  
Alloy 6061 ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Evaluation of Hydrogen Embrittlement of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel by Slow Strain Rate Technique With Cathodically Charged Specimen

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Tsurumi ◽  
Hiroyuki Saito ◽  
Hirokazu Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Cleavage Fracture ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Slow Strain Rate Technique ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

As an alternative method to slow strain rate technique (SSRT) under high-pressure hydrogen gas evaluation, SSRT was performed with a cathodically charged specimen. Cr-Mo low alloy steel with a tensile strength of 1000 MPa grade was selected as a test material. Cathodic charging was performed in 3% NaCl solution and at a current density in the range of 50–600 A/m2. The effect of specimen size on the hydrogen embrittlement properties was evaluated. Relative reduction of area (RRA) values obtained by tests at a cathode current density of 400 A/m2 were equivalent to those performed in hydrogen gas at pressures of 10 to 35 MPa. Fracture surface observations were also performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The quasi-cleavage fracture surface was observed only after rupture of small specimens that were subjected to hydrogen charged tests. It was also necessary for the diameter of the specimen to be small to form the quasi-cleavage fracture surface. The results indicated that to simulate the high-pressure hydrogen gas test, a specimen with a smaller parallel section diameter that is continuously charged until rupture is preferable.

Effect of δ-ferrite on susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of 304 austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Bao ◽  
Kaiyu Zhang ◽  
Zhengrong Zhou ◽  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Xiao Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gas Environment ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the effect of δ-ferrite on the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of type 304 stainless steel in hydrogen gas environment. Design/methodology/approach The mechanical properties of as-received and solution-treated specimens were investigated by the test of tensile and fatigue crack growth (FCG) in 5 MPa argon and hydrogen. Findings The presence of δ-ferrite reduced the relative elongation and the relative reduction area (H2/Ar) of 304 stainless steel, indicating that δ-ferrite increased the susceptibility of hydrogen embrittlement in 304 stainless steel. Moreover, δ-ferrite promoted the fatigue crack initiation and propagation at the interface between δ-ferrite and austenite. The FCG tests were used to investigate the effect of δ-ferrite on the FCG rate in hydrogen gas environment, and it was found that δ-ferrite accelerated the FCG rate, which was attributed to rapid diffusion and accumulation of hydrogen around the fatigue crack tip through δ-ferrite in high-pressure hydrogen gas environment. Originality/value The dependence of the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement on δ-ferrite was first investigated in type 304 steel in hydrogen environment with high pressures, which provided the basis for the design and development of a high strength, hydrogen embrittle-resistant austenitic stainless steel.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of SUS304 Steel to Hydrogen Embrittlement in High-pressure Hydrogen Gas at 250°C

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Koide ◽  
Takao Minami ◽  
Toshirou Anraku ◽  
Akihiro Iwase ◽  
Hiroyuki Inoue
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

scholarly journals Analysis of Hydrogen Embrittlement on Aluminum Alloys for Vehicle-Mounted Hydrogen Storage Tanks: A Review

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1303
Author(s):  
Yizhe Chen ◽  
Shilong Zhao ◽  
Huijuan Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Lin Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Slow Strain Rate Test ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

High-pressure hydrogen tanks which are composed of an aluminum alloy liner and a carbon fiber wound layer are currently the most popular means to store hydrogen on vehicles. Nevertheless, the aluminum alloy is easily affected by high-pressure hydrogen, which leads to the appearance of hydrogen embrittlement (HE). Serious HE of hydrogen tank represents a huge dangers to the safety of vehicles and passengers. It is critical and timely to outline the mainstream approach and point out potential avenues for further investigation of HE. An analysis, including the mechanism (including hydrogen-enhanced local plasticity model, hydrogen-enhanced decohesion mechanism and hydrogen pressure theory), the detection (including slow strain rate test, linearly increasing stress test and so on) and methods for the prevention of HE on aluminum alloys of hydrogen vehicles (such as coating) are systematically presented in this work. Moreover, the entire experimental detection procedures for HE are expounded. Ultimately, the prevention measures are discussed in detail. It is believed that further prevention measures will rely on the integration of multiple prevention methods. Successfully solving this problem is of great significance to reduce the risk of failure of hydrogen storage tanks and improve the reliability of aluminum alloys for engineering applications in various industries including automotive and aerospace.

Visualization of Diffusive Hydrogen

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 2903-2906
Author(s):  
Takahito Watakabe ◽  
Goroh Itoh ◽  
Yuji Hatano
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
7075 Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicles ◽  
6061 Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

In recent years, the use of hydrogen as a clean energy has been paid attention to in terms of the prevention of global warming. Tanks composed solely of steel and cylinders consisting of aluminum liner reinforced with C-FRP in the surrounding are used to store high-pressure hydrogen gas in hydrogen stations and in fuel cell vehicles, respectively. On the other hand, hydrogen embrittlement has been known to occur in some metallic materials under several certain conditions. Also, it has been generally known that the environmental hydrogen that invades the material during services plays major role in hydrogen embrittlement. For this reason, investigations on the behavior of environmental hydrogen in metallic materials are needed. In this study, the behavior of environmental hydrogen in pure aluminum, 6061 aluminum alloy and 7075 aluminum alloy has been investigated by means of tritium autoradiography.

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