In-Plane Field Propagation in EAP Transducers Based on the Equivalent Network Method

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Graf ◽  
Jürgen Maas
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Equivalent Network ◽  
New Class ◽  
Plane Field ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Network Method ◽  
Equivalent Network Method

Dielectric Electroactive Polymers belong to a new class of smart materials, whose functional principle is based on electrostatic forces. They can either be used as actuators to provide considerable stretch ratios or as generators to convert mechanical strain energy into electrical energy by use of an initial amount of energy. Since the polymer material and also the covering compliant electrodes show non-ideal electrical properties, like finite resistivity and conductivity respectively, design rules have to be derived, in order to optimize the devices. The electrode conductivity in connection with the polymer resistivity causes a voltage drop along the electrode surface, resulting in a reduced actuation strain or energy conversion. To minimize its parasitic effects, the influence of this effect is studied by the in-plane field propagation based on a model obtained with the equivalent network method. It is shown that the proposed model provides accurate results, which can be used to study the effect of contacting electrodes, especially in case of point contacts.

Model of the Electro-Dynamical Field Distribution for an Optimized Electrode Design of DEAP Transducers

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Graf ◽  
Ju¨rgen Maas
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
State Behavior ◽  
New Class ◽  
Dynamical Field ◽  
Actuation Strain ◽  
Transient And Steady State

Dielectric Electroactive Polymers belong to a new class of smart materials, whose functional principle is based on electrostatic forces. They can either be used as actuators to provide considerable stretch ratios or as generators to convert mechanical strain energy into electrical energy by use of an initial amount of energy. Since the polymer material and also the covering compliant electrodes show non-ideal electrical properties, like finite resistivity and conductivity respectively, design rules have to be derived, in order to optimize the devices. The electrode conductivity in connection with the polymer resistivity causes a voltage drop along the electrode surface, resulting in a reduced actuation strain or energy conversion. To minimize its parasitic effects, the influence of this effect is studied for the transient and steady state behavior first in order to derive rules for the optimal placement of electrode contacts secondly.

Thermal equivalent network method for calculating stator temperature of a shielding induction motor

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 106149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
Yanping Liang ◽  
Cangxue Li ◽  
Peipei Yang ◽  
Chunlei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Equivalent Network ◽  
Network Method ◽  
Equivalent Network Method

Reduction of the Low Voltage Substation Constraints by Inserting Photovoltaic Systems in Underserved Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Benbouza Naima ◽  
Benfarhi Louiza ◽  
Azoui Boubekeur
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Transformer Substation ◽  
Load Pattern

Background: The improvement of the voltage in power lines and the respect of the low voltage distribution transformer substations constraints (Transformer utilization rate and Voltage drop) are possible by several means: reinforcement of conductor sections, installation of new MV / LV substations (Medium Voltage (MV), Low Voltage (LV)), etc. Methods: Connection of mini-photovoltaic systems (PV) to the network, or to consumers in underserved areas, is a well-adopted solution to solve the problem of voltage drop and lighten the substation transformer, and at the same time provide clean electrical energy. PV systems can therefore contribute to this solution since they produce energy at the deficit site. Results: This paper presents the improvement of transformer substation constraints, supplying an end of low voltage electrical line, by inserting photovoltaic systems at underserved subscribers. Conclusion: This study is applied to a typical load pattern, specified to the consumers region.

Analysis of a New Class of Impulsive Implicit Sequential Fractional Differential Equations

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Zada ◽  
Sartaj Ali ◽  
Tongxing Li
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Fractional Differential Equations ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Uniqueness Of Solutions ◽  
Integer Order ◽  
New Class ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Fractional Differential ◽  
Sequential Fractional Differential Equations

AbstractIn this paper, we study an implicit sequential fractional order differential equation with non-instantaneous impulses and multi-point boundary conditions. The article comprehensively elaborate four different types of Ulam’s stability in the lights of generalized Diaz Margolis’s fixed point theorem. Moreover, some sufficient conditions are constructed to observe the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the proposed model. The proposed model contains both the integer order and fractional order derivatives. Thus, the exponential function appearers in the solution of the proposed model which will lead researchers to study fractional differential equations with well known methods of integer order differential equations. In the last, few examples are provided to show the applicability of our main results.

Experimental Research of Energy Harvesting and Storage Based on Ferroelectric Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1336-1340
Author(s):  
Kai Feng Li ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Lin Xiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ferroelectric Materials ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
And Storage

The concept of energy harvesting works towards developing self-powered devices that do not require replaceable power supplies. Energy scavenging devices are designed to capture the ambient energy surrounding the electronics and convert it into usable electrical energy. A number of sources of harvestable ambient energy exist, including waste heat, vibration, electromagnetic waves, wind, flowing water, and solar energy. While each of these sources of energy can be effectively used to power remote sensors, the structural and biological communities have placed an emphasis on scavenging vibrational energy with ferroelectric materials. Ferroelectric materials have a crystalline structure that provide a unique ability to convert an applied electrical potential into a mechanical strain or vice versa. Based on the properties of the material, this paper investigates the technique of power harvesting and storage.

scholarly journals Performance study of MATLAB modelled PV panel and conventional PV panel interfaced with LabVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.17) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Jaiganesh K ◽  
Karuppiah N ◽  
Ravivarman S ◽  
Md Asif
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Black Body ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Irradiation Condition ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Proposed Model

The maximum electrical energy conversion efficiency of the Solar PV panel is up to 22% in normal conventional roof- top system under the temperature of 25˚C on Standard Test Condition (STC). In Indian climatic conditions, the atmospheric temperature is mostly above 35˚C to 45˚C, it incites 35˚C to 80˚C temperature on the PV panel. The black body of the PV panel absorbs more heat. This temperature affects the electrical efficiency of the panel significantly. This paper proposes the mathematical modelling of the solar PV panel for different solar irradiation and the temperature. The experimental evaluation is conducted in the latitude of 11.36 (N) and longitude 77.82 (E). The testing and monitoring was done with LabVIEW based National Instruments hardware such as NI cDAQ-9178, NI DAQ - 9227 and NI DAQ 9225. The comparative study between the simulated result and real time hardware results are discussed in this paper. The test result shows that the output of the proposed model mismatches with the experimental output of the solar PV panel due to the negative correlation between the efficiency and temperature for variable irradiation condition. It shows a power difference of 9.41W between the output of the proposed model and the experimental setup.  

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