An interferometer for high-resolution optical surveillance from geostationary orbit

The paper presents a mathematical model for assessing the situational awareness of the space system. The model includes a set of algorithms, the main ones being the algorithm for simulating the motion of a spacecraft in a highly elliptical orbit, the algorithm for determining the observability of a given controlled area by a given spacecraft in a highly elliptical orbit at a given time, and the algorithm for determining the observability of a given controlled area by a spacecraft in a geostationary orbit. The model allows the assessment of the information capabilities of a space system of various ballistic structures and compositions. A model numerical example is considered, which makes it possible to compare observability indices of a given control region with two possible variants of a ballistic construction of a spacecraft constellation. The results of the numerical experiment showed the correctness of the proposed mathematical model.

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A Geostationary Instrument Simulator for Aerosol Observing System Simulation Experiments

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos10010002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 2 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patricia Castellanos ◽

Arlindo da Silva ◽

Anton Darmenov ◽

Virginie Buchard ◽

Ravi Govindaraju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Rayleigh Scattering ◽

System Simulation ◽

Visible Spectral Range ◽

Geostationary Orbit ◽

Atmospheric Composition ◽

Resolution Time ◽

Time Resolved ◽

The Impact ◽

Time Resolved Measurements

In the near future, there will be several new instruments measuring atmospheric composition from geostationary orbit over North America, East Asia, and Europe. This constellation of satellites will provide high resolution, time resolved measurements of trace gases and aerosols for monitoring air quality and tracking pollution sources. This paper describes a detailed, fast, and accurate (less than 1.0% uncertainty) method for calculating synthetic top of the atmosphere (TOA) radiances from a global simulation with a mesoscale free running model, the GEOS-5 Nature Run, for remote sensing instruments in geostationary orbit that measure in the ultraviolet-visible spectral range (UV-Vis). Generating these synthetic observations is the first step of an Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE), a framework for evaluating the impact of a new observation or algorithm. This paper provides details of the model sampling, aerosol and cloud optical properties, surface reflectance modeling, Rayleigh scattering calculations, and a discussion of the uncertainties of the simulated TOA radiance. An application for the simulated TOA radiance observations is demonstrated in the manuscript. Simulated TEMPO (Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution) and GOES-R (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites) observations were used to show how observations from the two instruments could be combined to facilitate aerosol type discrimination. The results demonstrate the viability of a detailed instrument simulator for radiance measurements in the UV-Vis that is capable of accurately simulating high resolution, time-resolved measurements with reasonable computational efficiency.

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International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2006 ◽

10.1117/12.2308170 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

L. Bonino ◽

F. Bresciani ◽

G. Piasini ◽

C. Flebus ◽

J.-H. Lecat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Geostationary Orbit

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Thermal Control Technology for Optical Antenna in Geostationary Orbit Space Satellite-Borne Laser Communication

Chinese Journal of Lasers ◽

10.3788/cjl201744.0306003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 0306003

Author(s):

刘百麟 Liu Bailin ◽

周佐新 Zhou Zuoxin ◽

李健 Li Jian ◽

谭立英 Tan Liying

Keyword(s):

Orbit Space ◽

Thermal Control ◽

Geostationary Orbit ◽

Laser Communication ◽

Optical Antenna ◽

Control Technology ◽

Space Satellite

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Sensitivity of remotely-sensed trace gas concentrations to polarisation

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions ◽

10.5194/amtd-8-8779-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 8779-8816

Author(s):

D. M. O'Brien ◽

I. N. Polonsky ◽

J. B. Kumer

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Trace Gases ◽

Incident Radiation ◽

Space Missions ◽

Geostationary Orbit ◽

Trace Gas ◽

Calibration Data ◽

Absorption Bands ◽

Concentration Measurements ◽

Polarimetric Calibration

Abstract. Current and proposed space missions estimate column-averaged concentrations of trace gases (CO2, CH4 and CO) from high resolution spectra of reflected sunlight in absorption bands of the gases. The radiance leaving the top of the atmosphere is partially polarised by both reflection at the surface and scattering within the atmosphere. Generally the polarisation state is unknown, and could degrade the accuracy of the concentration measurements. The sensitivity to polarisation is modelled for the proposed geoCARB instrument, which will include neither polarisers nor polarisation scramblers to select particular polarisation states from the incident radiation. The radiometric and polarimetric calibrations proposed for geoCARB are outlined, and a model is developed for the polarisation properties of the geoCARB spectrographs. This model depends principally upon the efficiencies of the gratings to polarisations parallel and perpendicular to the rulings of the gratings. Next an ensemble of polarised spectra is simulated for geoCARB observing targets in India, China and Australia from geostationary orbit at longitude 110° E. The spectra are analysed to recover the trace gas concentrations in two modes, the first denied access to the polarimetric calibration and the second with access. The retrieved concentrations using the calibration data are almost identical to those that would be obtained with polarisation scramblers, while the retrievals without calibration data contain outliers that do not meet the accuracies demanded by the mission.

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STUDY ON HIGH RESOLUTION MEMBRANE-BASED DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL IMAGING ON GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-w1-371-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol XLII-1/W1 ◽

pp. 371-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Jiao ◽

B. Wang ◽

C. Wang ◽

Y. Zhang ◽

J. Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Optical Imaging ◽

Diffraction Efficiency ◽

Imaging System ◽

Optical Element ◽

Chromatic Aberration ◽

Geostationary Orbit ◽

Optical Elements ◽

Optical Imaging System ◽

High Diffraction

Diffractive optical imaging technology provides a new way to realize high resolution earth observation on geostationary orbit. There are a lot of benefits to use the membrane-based diffractive optical element in ultra-large aperture optical imaging system, including loose tolerance, light weight, easy folding and unfolding, which make it easy to realize high resolution earth observation on geostationary orbit. The implementation of this technology also faces some challenges, including the configuration of the diffractive primary lens, the development of high diffraction efficiency membrane-based diffractive optical elements, and the correction of the chromatic aberration of the diffractive optical elements. Aiming at the configuration of the diffractive primary lens, the “6+1” petal-type unfold scheme is proposed, which consider the compression ratio, the blocking rate and the development complexity. For high diffraction efficiency membrane-based diffractive optical element, a self-collimating method is proposed. The diffraction efficiency is more than 90&thinsp;% of the theoretical value. For the chromatic aberration correction problem, an optimization method based on schupmann is proposed to make the imaging spectral bandwidth in visible light band reach 100&thinsp;nm. The above conclusions have reference significance for the development of ultra-large aperture diffractive optical imaging system.

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