Viscosity Measurements in Molten Glass

1932 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard R. Lillie



2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron A. Morrison ◽  
◽  
Michael Zanetti ◽  
Christopher W. Hamilton ◽  
Einat Lev ◽  
...  


2010 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Royer ◽  
Stéphane Mathieu ◽  
Christophe Liebaut ◽  
Pierre Steinmetz

For energy production and also for the glass industry, finding new refractory alloys which could permit to increase the process temperatures to 1200°C or more is a permanent challenge. Chromium base alloys can be good candidates, considering the melting point of Cr itself, and also its low corrosion rate in molten glass. Two families of alloys have been studied for this purpose, Cr-Mo-W and Cr-Ta-X alloys (X= Mo, Si..). A finer selection of compositions has been done, to optimize their chemical and mechanical properties. Kinetics of HT oxidation by air, of corrosion by molten glass and also creep properties of several alloys have been measured up to 1250°C. The results obtained with the best alloys (Cr-Ta base) give positive indications as regards the possibility of their industrial use.





2016 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 1152-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolay G. Voron’ko ◽  
Svetlana R. Derkach ◽  
Mikhail A. Vovk ◽  
Peter M. Tolstoy


1957 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-325
Author(s):  
R. B. MacFarlane ◽  
L. A. McLeod

Abstract Production of high molecular weight copolymers of butadiene and styrene for use in oil-extended rubbers has aroused interest in the solution properties of copolymers above the molecular weight range commonly encountered in commercial practice. It has been observed that solubility of such polymers in toluene is a time-dependent phenomenon and the apparent solubility can increase continuously, in the absence of agitation, for as long as 800 hours. Although a standard Harris cage solubility test may show the presence of 50% gel, other properties do not confirm the presence of any appreciable quantities of insoluble material. Mild agitation rapidly promotes almost complete solubility. Dilute solution viscosity measurements are very misleading unless the influence of solution time is recognized and apparent intrinsic viscosities rise progressively with time of contact of the sample with solvent. This time-dependence of solution has been found to occur at conversions higher than 50% and is also a function of the amount of modifier used in the polymerization recipe. It has not been possible to shorten the solution time for viscosity measurements by mild heating or gentle agitation. Mixed solvents cause a change in the amount of increase of the apparent intrinsic viscosity but do not shorten the time to equilibrium. Measurement of the slope constant in the Huggins viscosity equation indicate that these solubility and viscosity effects coincide with the appearance of a marked degree of branching in the polymer molecules. The effect is, therefore, interpreted as being caused by the relatively slow disentanglement of molecules of complex structure.



1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 394-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Efimova ◽  
A. I. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  


1959 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2083-2084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Pope ◽  
Louis C. W. Baker


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