Multi Criteria Decision-Making: Ticket Sales Outsourcing in an NCAA Division I Athletic Department

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungbum Lee ◽  
Matthew Juravich
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Athletic Department ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Ticket Sales ◽  
Intercollegiate Sport ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
The Status ◽  
Outsourcing Decision

Outsourcing in sport is not a new phenomenon. Specifically, outsourcing in intercollegiate sport has become common among athletic departments across the NCAA. While outsourcing can be employed to generate increased revenues via enhanced sales, marketing, or fundraising functions, many midmajor institutions are utilizing outsourcing partners exclusively to manage ticket sales. As such, this case presents a scenario in which an athletic director and her management team are faced with assessing three options related to ticket sales outsourcing at a midmajor NCAA Division 1 institution. Utilizing the lens of multi criteria decision-making, financial, nonfinancial, and circumstantial data are provided for readers to address an outsourcing decision in the context of intercollegiate athletics. By examining three options including maintaining the status quo, considering another outsourcing partner, or bringing ticket sales operations in-house, this case provides an opportunity for students to investigate the role of ticket sales outsourcing as it relates to revenue generation, a pertinent issue for athletic departments across the NCAA.

A multi-criteria decision making model for outsourcing maintenance services

Facilities ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Hassanain ◽  
Sadi Assaf ◽  
Abdul-Mohsen Al-Hammad ◽  
Ahmed Al-Nehmi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
Outsourcing Decision

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the development of a multi-criteria decision-making model for use by maintenance managers to consider before making a decision on outsourcing. Design/methodology/approach – Thirty-eight factors were identified for outsourcing maintenance services. These factors were grouped under six categories, namely: “strategic”, “management”, “technological”, “quality”, “economic” and “function characteristics”. The Analytic Hierarchy Process, as a multi-criteria decision-making model, was introduced and applied as an approach for maintenance managers in Saudi Arabian universities to consider before making a decision on outsourcing. A case study on the outsourcing decision of maintenance services of air-conditioning systems was carried out to apply the developed model. Findings – Data analysis indicated that all outsourcing decision groups of factors have almost equal weight, with the “quality” group of factors having the highest weight and the “technological” group of factors having the least weight. Further, the analysis indicated, in general, that the recommended decision for the maintenance managers is to outsource. However, an application of the developed model through a case study on the outsourcing of maintenance services of air-conditioning systems showed that the recommended action is not to outsource. Originality/value – The presented approach in this paper could be of practical benefit to maintenance managers in their decision making of whether or not to outsource maintenance services. The factors in the model were identified through a literature survey of research carried out in different countries. Therefore, the model could be applied in different settings, depending on the relative weight of the factors by the users.

Media Convergence as Exogenous Forces in a NCAA DI Athletic Department: Organizational Climate and Resource Allocation Decision Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (S1) ◽  
pp. S20-S25
Author(s):  
Seungbum Lee ◽  
Yongjae Kim ◽  
Tang Tang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Media ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Media Convergence ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Media Technology ◽  
Sport Communication ◽  
Intercollegiate Sport

To successfully evolve, organizations should change at the same pace as the environment changes. It is particularly important when adapting and utilizing new media technology is a huge part of an organization’s success. Presently, media professionals in all industries including intercollegiate athletics are experiencing a significant change in their work environment due to the ever-changing nature of new media technology. In particular, media convergence, an integration of production by combining both old (e.g., television) and new media (e.g., the Internet), has been one of the most influential phenomena creating unexpected changes and complex dynamics in the current media industry. Nonetheless, what have been previously overlooked in sport communication literature are challenges generated by media convergence, which affects the nature of sport communication. This case study provides a scenario based on semi-fictitious information so that students can critically examine the dynamic nature as well as the effect of media convergence facing sport communication in intercollegiate sport. Further, the students are provided with an opportunity to practice decision-making skills to address the challenges stemming from media convergence. By doing so, discussion regarding media convergence in the context of intercollegiate sport could be better presented to relevant classroom discussion.

Buried Accomplishments: Institutional Isomorphism in College Athletics Mission Statements

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell E. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
College Athletics ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Mission Statements ◽  
Athletic Department ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Academic Advancement ◽  
External Pressures

Despite suggestions that mission statements represent a strategic component of organizational communication, there has been little research of these documents in athletic departments at U.S. colleges and universities. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between mission statement content and athletic department accomplishments in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I schools (N = 343). The content analysis of mission statements revealed that athletics missions do not differentiate accomplished from less accomplished athletic programs. Athletic departments with strong traditions of promoting the academic advancement of student-athletes, achieving gender equity, and complying with NCAA rules tend to reference these distinctions in the same way as departments with less favorable histories. Grounded in institutional theory, this article describes the external pressures toward sameness rather than differentiation in mission statement content. Implications for intercollegiate athletics and higher education are discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluating Museum Virtual Tours: The Case Study of Italy

Information ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Kabassi ◽  
Alessia Amelio ◽  
Vasileios Komianos ◽  
Konstantinos Oikonomou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Virtual tours in museums are an ideal solution for those that are not able to visit a museum or those who want to have a small taste of what is presented in the museum before their visit. However, these tours often encounter severe problems while users interact with them. In order to check the status of virtual tours of museums, we present the implementation of an evaluation experiment that uses a combination of two multi-criteria decision making theories, namely the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). AHP has been used for the estimation of the weights of the heuristics and fuzzy TOPSIS has been used for the evaluation of virtual tours of museums. This paper presents the exact steps that have to be followed in order to implement such an experiment and run an example experiment for virtual tours of Italian museums.

scholarly journals Applying Activity-Based Costing to Intercollegiate Athletics

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 81-105
Author(s):  
Heather J. Lawrence ◽  
Liz Wanless ◽  
E. Ann Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Athletic Department ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Football Bowl Subdivision ◽  
Sport Sponsorship ◽  
Current Accounting ◽  
Sport Team ◽  
The Cost

Current accounting methods in intercollegiate athletics make it difficult for leaders to assess and understand the true cost of each sport team operations. Institutional and athletics leaders often make decisions concerning sport sponsorship/offerings, budget allocations, overall program operations, and review Title IX compliance based on information that may not truly capture the cost of each sport. Additionally, intercollegiate athletics reform groups and the federal government are calling for athletic departments to report more consistent, accurate, and transparent financial data. The purpose of this paper is to respond to the call for accounting reform in intercollegiate athletics via an innovative application of activity-based costing (ABC) to one NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) athletics department. ABC was applied to the athletic department budget report with results showing how previously established ABC cost drivers for intercollegiate athletics (Lawrence, Gabriel, & Tuttle, 2010) and reallocation of expenses back to specific sports allow for a greater understanding of the cost of each sport.

Economic Impact of a Future College Football Program

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semoon Chang ◽  
Shelia Canode
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Support Group ◽  
College Football ◽  
Athletic Department ◽  
Ticket Sales ◽  
Home Team ◽  
Employment Impact ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The University

This study is a summary of our report that measured the potential economic impact of a football program that the University of South Alabama was considering developing at the Division 1-A level. In our study, direct expenditures impact is limited to net additional expenditures that are expected to be generated by the new football program. Direct expenditures impact has three components: (a) expenditures by visitors to home games, excluding expenditures made by visiting team athletes, coaches, cheerleaders, band members, and their family members that are likely reciprocated when the home team visits opponents; (b) expenditures by the athletic department on operating the football program from which the amount of ticket sales and concession sales made to county residents is subtracted; and (c) expenditures by increased enrollment including athletes, cheerleaders, band members, and other support group members. The employment impact and the tax impact of the new football program are also presented.

Understanding Organizational Culture Within an NCAA Division 1 Athletic Department

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Frontiera ◽  
Daniel J. Leidl ◽  
Eric Steege
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Athletic Department ◽  
Division 1

Women in Power and Decision making Positions : Conditions and Restraints

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Azza Charara Baydoun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Slow Progress

Women today are considered to be outside the political and administrative power structures and their participation in the decision-making process is non-existent. As far as their participation in the political life is concerned they are still on the margins. The existence of patriarchal society in Lebanon as well as the absence of governmental policies and procedures that aim at helping women and enhancing their political participation has made it very difficult for women to be accepted as leaders and to be granted votes in elections (UNIFEM, 2002).This above quote is taken from a report that was prepared to assess the progress made regarding the status of Lebanese women both on the social and governmental levels in light of the Beijing Platform for Action – the name given to the provisions of the Fourth Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995. The above quote describes the slow progress achieved by Lebanese women in view of the ambitious goal that requires that the proportion of women occupying administrative or political positions in Lebanon should reach 30 percent of thetotal by the year 2005!

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