Vertical Integration and Outsourcing Decision Impact On Firm Performance: A Review Based Research on the Influence of Organizational Governance On firm Performance.

This studyexamines that how companies take decision of outsourcing and vertical integration a value-chain activity currently the most complex problem faced by most the organization around the globe and also find the relationship and highlight the role of every activity related to outsourcing and vertical integration. In result of survey and interviews of different small, medium and corporate level companies in KPK, procurement managers and operations managers mostly in view of that outsourcing is thebest way to work in the market, because of the cost reduction, minimumturnaround time and especially in the uncertain market of KPK.

Benchmarking the outsourcing factors of third-party logistics services selection: analysing influential strength and building a sustainable decision model

PurposeOutsourcings always affect crucial supply chain functions concerning flexibility and cost. During the decision to outsource and consider third-party logistics service provider selection, decision-makers need to pay more attention to certain critical outsourcing factors such as coordination, integration and cooperation as these key factors are essential to improve overall supply chain performance. The main purpose of this work is to identify the inter-relations among outsourcing decision factors to highlight the most important and influential factors that should be considered and carefully thought through when making outsourcing sustainable decisions.Design/methodology/approachA two-phased methodology has been used in this study. In the first phase, outsourcing decision factors are identified from existing literature and validated by decision-makers from industry and academia. To understand the influential strength and build a sustainable model, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method is used. A courier company in the UAE is considered for implementation.FindingsAll identified and validated factors are segregated into two categories (cause and effect). The result shows that the most influential factors are developing strategic alliances, uncertainty and risk mitigation and deficiency of internal resources for a service.Practical implicationsThere are several insights for industry managers and practitioners. The results of the study may help practitioners and logistics managers to make the logistics service sustainable and more efficient for businesses.Originality/valueThis study focusses on a courier company to understand the interdependencies among outsourcing decision factors; this is unique in this field of literature.

A Conceptual Framework for the Ethical Evaluation of Supported Decision-Making

"Background: Supported decision-making (SDM) refers to all types of interventions support persons with impaired decision-making capacity (DMC) in making informed treatment decisions. It encompasses a wide range of interventions, such as enhanced consent procedures, elaborated plain language and involvement of family, friends or peers in the informed consent process. Empirical research showed that SDM can enhance DMC. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which has been ratified by 180 states parties to date, pronounces in article 12(3) that “states parties shall take appropriate measures to provide access by persons with disabilities to the support they may require in exercising their legal capacity.” At the same time, medical ethicists and legal scholars have raised the concern that persons with impaired DMC are more likely to become subject to undue influence under SDM arrangements. Objectives: The aim of this presentation is to provide a conceptual framework to facilitate an ethical evaluation of various forms of supported decision-making. Methods: Empirically informed conceptual analysis. Various SDM interventions are analyzed. Findings: It is necessary to distinguish between input, process and output support. Input support involves influencing factors that are negatively correlated with DMC; process support involves interpreting a person’s preferences and carrying out intellectual processing; and output support involves enabling a person to communicate decisions to others. Conclusion: Most forms of input and output support are promising, but ethical issues in relation to framing and interpersonal leverage must be addressed. Forms of process support that involve “outsourcing” decision-making capacities are ethically problematic. "

Decision Making Surrounding IT Outsourcing within Ontario Hospitals

With the increases to healthcare expenditures and with technology playing a more critical role in hospitals, IT outsourcing has become an important topic for hospital executives. There has been a lack of research in Canadian healthcare on IT outsourcing within hospitals. This research explores the several factors associated with hospital CIOs and Managers in outsourcing their IT systems. Additionally, this research looks to identify the benefits, risks and alternatives to IT outsourcing within Canada, specifically within the province of Ontario. While transaction, agency and knowledge-based theories are discussed, they are not tested. They provide more of a guide and confirmation of these decision factors. Hospital CIOs and Managers were interviewed and recorded to determine the decision factors. Lacity et al (2010) IT Outsourcing decision model was used as a starting point for the decision factors and a Canadian model was developed from an adaption of Lacity et al work. This research provides a starting point for IT outsourcing research within the Ontario hospital sector.

Decision Making Surrounding IT Outsourcing within Ontario Hospitals

With the increases to healthcare expenditures and with technology playing a more critical role in hospitals, IT outsourcing has become an important topic for hospital executives. There has been a lack of research in Canadian healthcare on IT outsourcing within hospitals. This research explores the several factors associated with hospital CIOs and Managers in outsourcing their IT systems. Additionally, this research looks to identify the benefits, risks and alternatives to IT outsourcing within Canada, specifically within the province of Ontario. While transaction, agency and knowledge-based theories are discussed, they are not tested. They provide more of a guide and confirmation of these decision factors. Hospital CIOs and Managers were interviewed and recorded to determine the decision factors. Lacity et al (2010) IT Outsourcing decision model was used as a starting point for the decision factors and a Canadian model was developed from an adaption of Lacity et al work. This research provides a starting point for IT outsourcing research within the Ontario hospital sector.

Who should clean the university? The in-house outsourcing decision from a student perspective

Purpose This paper aims to investigate how the students perceive the cleaning of the university, from an in-house and outsourced perspective. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on a survey conducted in the different university buildings with a total of 240 students. The survey was then analysed through an ordinal regression. Findings The ordinal regression indicates a statistically significant result were student are more satisfied with the cleaning performed by the outsourced service provider. Research limitations/implications The research in this paper is limited to one Swedish university. But, the overall strategies for how to organise the cleaning service at the university do address all universities. However, the research is limited and more research has to be performed. Practical implications The insight the paper provides regarding how the students perceive the cleaning service at the university gives direct implications to university in relation to how to consider the cleaning service as an important factor. Originality/value It provides the first study from a student perspective on the question of cleaning of the university, when previous studies have indicated cleaning as an important function not least to student’s performance and academic results.

Research on outsourcing level measurement and influencing factors of China’s agricultural listed companies

Outsourcing is beneficial for enterprises to integrate production factors, strengthen core forces and realize value chain appreciation. Based on the data of 42 agricultural listed companies from 2,015 to 2,019, the outsourcing level of agricultural enterprises was measured, and the influencing factors of agricultural enterprise outsourcing were analyzed. The results show that the level of outsourcing of agricultural enterprises in 2015 to 2,019 showed a slow downward trend, the outsourcing level of agricultural enterprises has policy continuity, and the outsourcing level of the current period is affected by the outsourcing level of the previous period; the larger the market scale, the higher the proportion of business outsourcing; and the transaction costs significantly inhibit the outsourcing decision of agricultural enterprises. Finally, the paper puts forward the policy suggestions to promote the healthy development of the agricultural outsourcing market.