Validating an Adjustment to the Intermittent Critical Power Model for Elite Cyclists—Modeling W′ Balance During World Cup Team Pursuit Performances

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jason C. Bartram ◽  
Dominic Thewlis ◽  
David T. Martin ◽  
Kevin I. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Limit ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Error Threshold ◽  
Power Model ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Exciting Development ◽  
Elite Cyclists ◽  
Intermittent Work

Purpose: Modeling intermittent work capacity is an exciting development to the critical power model with many possible applications across elite sport. With the Skiba 2 model validated using subelite participants, an adjustment to the model’s recovery rate has been proposed for use in elite cyclists (Bartram adjustment). The team pursuit provides an intermittent supramaximal event with which to validate the modeling of W′ in this population. Methods: Team pursuit data of 6 elite cyclists competing for Australia at a Track World Cup were solved for end W′ values using both the Skiba 2 model and the Bartram adjustment. Each model’s success was evaluated by its ability to approximate end W′ values of 0 kJ, as well as a count of races modeled to within a predetermined error threshold of ±1.840 kJ. Results: On average, using the Skiba 2 model found end W′ values different from zero (P = .007; mean ± 95% confidence limit, –2.7 ± 2.0 kJ), with 3 out of 8 cases ending within the predetermined error threshold. Using the Bartram adjustment on average resulted in end W′ values that were not different from zero (P = .626; mean ± 95% confidence limit, 0.5 ± 2.5 kJ), with 4 out of 8 cases falling within the predetermined error threshold. Conclusions: On average, the Bartram adjustment was an improvement to modeling intermittent work capacity in elite cyclists, with the Skiba 2 model underestimating the rate of W′ recovery. In the specific context of modeling team pursuit races, all models were too variable for effective use; hence, individual recovery rates should be explored beyond population-specific rates.

Accuracy of W′ Recovery Kinetics in High Performance Cyclists—Modeling Intermittent Work Capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. Bartram ◽  
Dominic Thewlis ◽  
David T. Martin ◽  
Kevin I. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Rate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Volitional Exhaustion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Elite Cyclists

Purpose: With knowledge of an individual’s critical power and W′, the SKIBA 2 model provides a framework with which to track W′ balance during intermittent high-intensity work bouts. There are fears that the time constant controlling the recovery rate of W′ (τW′) may require refinement to enable effective use in an elite population. Methods: Four elite endurance cyclists completed an array of intermittent exercise protocols to volitional exhaustion. Each protocol lasted approximately 3.5–6 min and featured a range of recovery intensities, set in relation to the athlete’s critical power (DCP). Using the framework of the SKIBA 2 model, the τW′ values were modified for each protocol to achieve an accurate W′ at volitional exhaustion. Modified τW′ values were compared with equivalent SKIBA 2 τW′ values to assess the difference in recovery rates for this population. Plotting modified τW′ values against DCP showed the adjusted relationship between work rate and recovery rate. Results: Comparing modified τW′ values against the SKIBA 2 τW′ values showed a negative bias of 112 (46) s (mean ± 95% confidence limits), suggesting that athletes recovered W′ faster than predicted by SKIBA 2 (P = .0001). The modified τW′–DCP relationship was best described by a power function: τW′ = 2287.2 × DCP–0.688 (R2 = .433). Conclusions: The current SKIBA 2 model is not appropriate for use in elite cyclists, as it underpredicts the recovery rate of W′. The modified τW′ equation presented will require validation but appears more appropriate for high-performance athletes. Individual τW′ relationships may be necessary to maximize the model’s validity.

scholarly journals The effect of resting blood flow occlusion on exercise tolerance and W′

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (6) ◽  
pp. R684-R691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Broxterman ◽  
Jesse C. Craig ◽  
Carl J. Ade ◽  
Samuel L. Wilcox ◽  
Thomas J. Barstow
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Mechanical Work ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Constant Amount ◽  
Severe Intensity ◽  
Anaerobic Work ◽  
Blood Flow Occlusion ◽  
Flow Occlusion

It has previously been postulated that the anaerobic work capacity (W′) may be utilized during resting blood flow occlusion in the absence of mechanical work. We tested the hypothesis that W′ would not be utilized during an initial range of time following the onset of resting blood flow occlusion, after which W′ would be utilized progressively more. Seven men completed blood flow occlusion constant power severe intensity handgrip exercise to task failure following 0, 300, 600, 900, and 1,200 s of resting blood flow occlusion. The work performed above critical power (CP) was not significantly different between the 0-, 300-, and 600-s conditions and was not significantly different from the total W′ available. Significantly less work was performed above CP during the 1,200-s condition than the 900-s condition ( P < 0.05), while both conditions were significantly less than the 0-, 300-, and 600-s conditions ( P < 0.05). The work performed above CP during these conditions was significantly less than the total W′ available ( P < 0.05). The utilization of W′ during resting blood flow occlusion did not begin until 751 ± 118 s, after which time W′ was progressively utilized. The current findings demonstrate that W′ is not utilized during the initial ∼751 s of resting blood flow occlusion, but is progressively utilized thereafter, despite no mechanical work being performed. Thus, the utilization of W′ is not exclusive to exercise, and a constant amount of work that can be performed above CP is not the determining mechanism of W′.

scholarly journals The Critical Power Model as a Potential Tool for Anti-doping

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Puchowicz ◽  
Eliran Mizelman ◽  
Assaf Yogev ◽  
Michael S. Koehle ◽  
Nathan E. Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Power ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Potential Tool

Reliability of the Three-minute All-out Test for Non-motorized Treadmill Tethered Running

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (08) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gama ◽  
F.A. Sousa ◽  
I.G. dos Reis ◽  
C. Gobatto
Keyword(s):  
Critical Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Single Test ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Severe Intensity ◽  
Protocol Adaptation ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Power Evaluation

AbstractThe 3-min all-out test was developed and validated on a cycle ergometer using a modification of a linear mathematical equation (1/time vs. power) obtained from the original critical power model. The purpose of this development was to obtain, in a single test, the aerobic and anaerobic capacity parameters and identify the exercise transition moment from heavy to severe intensity. The aim of this study was to propose an adaptation of the all-out 3-min cycle ergometer to a non-motorized treadmill with tethered running. In addition, we tested the reproducibility of this adapted protocol, highlighting the need for mechanical power evaluation using a specific ergometer. Consequently, 10 physically active individuals visited the laboratory 4 times for testing and data collection. The results suggested that the protocol adaptation for the 3-min all-out test for non-motorized treadmill with tethered running was reproducible and feasible. It was also possible to show that the AO3 application in this ergometer ensures the specificity of the sports that involve the running exercise, from assessment of both aerobic and anaerobic parameters, accomplished in a single day of application.

scholarly journals ABOUT EFFECTIVE USE OF WHEELS WITH INTERMITTENT WORK SURFACE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (55) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Sergey Uminsky ◽  
◽  
Olekcii Yakimov ◽  
Liubov Bovnegra ◽  
Natalia Klimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Surface ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Intermittent Work

Influence of the Chainring Geometry on the Critical Power of Recreational Cyclists

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Acevedo ◽  
Luis Muñoz ◽  
Alejandra Polanco ◽  
Daniel Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Critical Power ◽  
Power Delivery ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Endurance Tests ◽  
Long Endurance

Abstract Science has come to a disagreement regarding the real effect that chainrings’ geometry has on cyclists’ performance. In this study, the influence of the use of a noncircular chainring on recreational cyclists’ performance is determined through experimental power delivery tests. A critical power model was used to estimate variations on cyclists’ performance. In addition, a new protocol for estimating critical power was proposed. Fourteen recreational cyclists (two females and twelve males) performed a series of self-paced constant-time tests with a circular and a noncircular (i.e., Osymetric) chainring during two different test sessions. Power output, cadence and time were registered to compute the critical power. According to the results of this study, it seems there is a change in the critical power of the majority of the recreational cyclists due to the use of a noncircular chainring. Thus, a performance improvement was obtained during long-endurance tests. However, the order of the tests (i.e., starting with the circular chainring or starting with the noncircular chainring) was proven to have an impact on the results due to a familiarization effect to the test conditions. Finally, a new protocol to estimate the critical power of a cyclist by performing a single riding session was proposed and assessed on a pilot test (i.e., error &lt; 3%).

Intramuscular determinants of the ability to recover work capacity above critical power

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Friere Skiba ◽  
Jonathan Fulford ◽  
David C. Clarke ◽  
Anni Vanhatalo ◽  
Andrew M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Critical Power ◽  
Work Capacity
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document