Evaluating the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model Among Portuguese Elementary Schoolchildren

Background:The Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model provides an integrated approach to understanding the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors influencing physical activity (PA) behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an adapted version of the YPAP model for explaining PA among Portuguese schoolchildren.Methods:A random cross-sectional sample of 683 children (8–10 years of age) attending elementary public schools in the north of Portugal completed a detailed survey assessing attraction to PA, perceived physical competence, parental influences and leisure time PA. Structural equation modeling techniques were conducted (EQS6.1).Results:Attraction to PA was directly associated with children’s PA participation (β = 0.271, P < .05). Perceived physical competence imposed an indirect effect on children’s PA through children’s attraction to PA (β = 0.253, P < .05). Parental influence had an indirect effect on children’s PA through perceived physical competence and attraction to PA (β = 0.318 and 0.662, respectively, P < .05). Perceived physical competence and parental influence were not directly associated with children’s PA (β = 0.069 and 0.180, respectively, P > .05).Conclusions:The adapted version of YPAP model was useful in explaining PA participation in elementary Portuguese schoolchildren. Intervention programs intended to enhance attraction to PA, perceived physical competence and favorable parental influence should be developed to promote children’s PA participation.

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Psychosocial Correlates of Physical Activity in Two Cultural Contexts: Different Pathways?

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.9.4.581 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 581-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Pedro Silva ◽

Ryan Lott ◽

K. A. S. Wickrama ◽

Jorge Mota ◽

Greg Welk

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Support ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Two Samples ◽

Youth Physical Activity ◽

Youth Activity

Background:If the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model adequately explains youth physical activity (PA) in 2 different cultures and with 2 different sets of instruments, it would suggest that the model has broad utility for youth activity promotion.Methods:Two samples from different countries were used: sample 1—USA, 159 students (n = 83 girls) mean age 11.52 ± 1.40 years; sample 2—Portugal, 203 students (n = 125 girls) mean age 14.99 ± 1.55 years. PA was assessed by accelerometry. The YPAP model was analyzed through structural equation modeling using AMOS (version 17.0).Results:In sample 1, social-support had a direct association on MVPA (β = .58, P < .001), enjoyment (β = .70, P < .05), and self-efficacy (β = –.66, P < .001). Enjoyment significantly predicted MVPA (β = .60, P < .001) and self-efficacy significantly predicted MVPA (β = .55, P < .001). In sample 2, social-support had a direct effect on MVPA (β = .33, P < .05), significantly predicted enjoyment (β = –.43, P < .001), and significantly predicted self-efficacy (β = .63, P < .001). Self-efficacy was a significant predictor of MVPA (β = .14, P < .001) but enjoyment was not.Conclusions:Differences were noted in the nature of the relationships and the relative importance. Self-efficacy and social support had significant effects on MVPA in both samples—despite differences in the way that they were measured and operationalized.

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Direct and Indirect Effects of Social Support on Youth Physical Activity Behavior

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.2012-0207 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 86-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Pedro Silva ◽

Ryan Lott ◽

Jorge Mota ◽

Greg Welk

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Support ◽

High School Students ◽

Direct Effect ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Youth Physical Activity

Social support (SS) from parents and peers are key reinforcing factors in the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model. This study aims to identify the relative contribution of parental and peer SS on youth participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Participants included 203 high school students (n = 125 girls; mean age 14.99 ± 1.55 years). MVPA was assessed by accelerometry. SS influences were evaluated using a well-established scale. Structural equation modeling measured (AMOS, Version 19) the relative fit of the YPAP models using both parental and peer SS. Parental SS had significant associations with both predisposing factors, enjoyment (β = .62, p < .01), and self-efficacy (β= .32, p < .01), as well a direct effect on MVPA (β = .30, p < .01). Peer SS had direct effect on MVPA (β = .33, p < .05), also significantly influenced levels of enjoyment (β = .47, p < .01) and self-efficacy (β = .67, p < .01). In both models self-efficacy mediated the influence on MVPA. The direct effects for parents and peers were similar. This demonstrates that both parental and peer social support exert a strong influence on adolescent MVPA.

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Walking for Transportation Among Latino Adults in San Diego County: Who Meets Physical Activity Guidelines?

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.8.7.898 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 898-906 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Suzanna M. Martinez ◽

Elva M. Arredondo ◽

Scott Roesch ◽

Kevin Patrick ◽

Guadalupe X. Ayala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

San Diego ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

San Diego County ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Mexican Origin ◽

Racial Groups ◽

Physical Activity Guidelines ◽

Activity Promotion

Background:U.S. Latinos engage in nonleisure-time walking (NLTW) more than other ethno-racial groups. Studies are needed to explore factors associated with NLTW to inform interventions for effective physical activity promotion.Purpose:To examine the social-ecological correlates of NLTW among Mexican-origin Latinos.Methods:Individual, social, and environmental level factors and PA were assessed in a telephone survey completed by 672 Mexican-origin adults randomly sampled in San Diego County. Data were collected in 2006 and analyzed in 2009.Results:Participants were mostly female (71%), with an average age of 39 years. Less than one-third met PA guidelines for NLTW (29%). Structural equation modeling showed that NLTW was positively associated with being female, but negatively associated with living in the U.S. ≥ 12 years, and being U.S.-born.Conclusions:In this sample NLTW differed by various indicators of acculturation and gender. These findings might help inform the development of interventions to promote NLTW and thus physical activity in Mexican-origin adults.

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An Exploratory Study of Elementary Classroom Teachers’ Physical Activity Promotion From a Social Learning Perspective

Journal of Teaching in Physical Education ◽

10.1123/jtpe.2014-0075 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 474-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Collin A. Webster ◽

Heather Buchan ◽

Melanie Perreault ◽

Rob Doan ◽

Panayiotis Doutis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Learning ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Classroom Teachers ◽

Self Perceptions ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

K 12

Despite its recommended use, physical activity promotion in the academic classroom (PAPAC) has received little attention in terms of the factors that help to facilitate it. In this study, a social learning perspective was adopted to examine the role of physical activity biographies in generalist classroom teachers’ (CTs) PAPAC. CTs (N = 213) were assessed on their satisfaction with personal K-12 physical education (PE) experiences, perceived physical activity competence, self-reported physical activity, perceived PAPAC competence, and self-reported PAPAC. Structural equation modeling supported the hypothesized relationships between variables. Specifically, PE satisfaction predicted physical activity competence, which in turn predicted physical activity. Subsequently, physical activity predicted PAPAC competence, which predicted PAPAC. The specified model explained 41% of the variance in PAPAC, with PAPAC competence being the largest contributor. This study provides useful information for designing interventions to increase PAPAC, as it stresses the need to identify strategies that improve CTs’ physical activity-related, and PAPAC-related self-perceptions.

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Testing the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic, with Partial Least Squares Second-Order Latent Constructs

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126398 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6398

Author(s):

Elena Druică ◽

Rodica Ianole-Călin ◽

Monica Sakizlian ◽

Daniela Aducovschi ◽

Remus Dumitrescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Least Squares ◽

Partial Least Squares ◽

Online Survey ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Second Order ◽

Latent Constructs ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Youth Physical Activity ◽

Mediating Mechanisms

We tested the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) framework on Romanian students in order to identify actionable determinants to support participation in physical activity. Our sample consisted of 665 responses to an online survey, with participants aged 18–23 (mean = 19 years); 70% were women. We used the partial least squares algorithm to estimate the relationships between students’ behavior and possible predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results indicate that all the theoretical dimensions of YPAP (predisposing, enabling and reinforcing) have a positive and significant impact on physical activity, with two mediating mechanisms expressed as predisposing factors: able and worth. Unlike previous research, we used second-order latent constructs, unveiling a particular structure for the enabling dimension that only includes sport competence, fitness and skills, but not the environmental factors.

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Rural Community Systems: Youth Physical Activity Promotion through Community Collaboration

Preventive Medicine Reports ◽

10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101486 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101486

Author(s):

Debra K. Kellstedt ◽

Michaela A. Schenkelberg ◽

Ann M. Essay ◽

Gregory J. Welk ◽

Richard R. Rosenkranz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Rural Community ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Community Collaboration ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Youth Physical Activity ◽

Community Systems

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Investigating the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model: Internal Structure and External Validity Evidence for a Potential Measurement Model

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.19.4.420 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 420-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

David A. Rowe ◽

Thomas D. Raedeke ◽

Lenny D. Wiersma ◽

Matthew T. Mahar

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

External Validity ◽

Internal Validity ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Measurement Properties ◽

Validity Evidence ◽

Potential Measurement ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Youth Physical Activity

The purpose of the study was to investigate the measurement properties of questionnaires associated with the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model. Data were collected from 296 children in Grades 5–8 using several existing questionnaires corresponding to YPAP model components, a physical activity questionnaire, and 6 consecutive days of pedometer data. Internal validity of the questionnaires was tested using confirmatory factor analyses, and external validity was investigated via correlations with physical activity and body composition. Initial model fit of the questionnaires ranged from poor to very good. After item removal, all scales demonstrated good fit. Correlations with percentage body fat and objectively measured physical activity were low but in the theoretically predicted direction. The current study provides good internal validity evidence and acceptable external validity evidence for a brief set of questionnaire items to investigate the theoretical basis for the YPAP model.

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Understanding the real value of youth physical activity promotion

Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.11.009 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

pp. 130-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael W. Beets ◽

Robert G. Weaver ◽

Justin B. Moore

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

The Real ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Youth Physical Activity ◽

Real Value

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The Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program Model: A Proposed Illustrative Supplement to Help Move the Needle on Youth Physical Activity

Kinesiology Review ◽

10.1123/kr.2019-0048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 112-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Collin A. Webster ◽

Judith E. Rink ◽

Russell L. Carson ◽

Jongho Moon ◽

Karen Lux Gaudreault

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Empirical Work ◽

Physical Activity Promotion ◽

Comprehensive School ◽

Physical Activity Program ◽

Activity Program ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Youth Physical Activity ◽

Solid Foundation ◽

Model Set

Birthed over a decade ago and built on a solid foundation of conceptual and empirical work in public health, the comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP) model set the stage for a new and exciting chapter of physical activity promotion through schools. On the academic front, there has been much enthusiasm around the potential of CSPAPs to positively affect youth physical activity behaviors and trajectories. However, program uptake in schools has yet to take hold. This article examines the CSPAP model and proposes an illustrative supplement to enhance communication about its application. The authors begin by charting the model’s challenging contextual landscape and then highlight the model’s early successes in spite of such challenges. Subsequently, they turn their attention to limitations in the way the model is presented, which appear to undermine CSPAP advocacy, and focus on improving the messaging about CSPAPs as an immediate step toward increased implementation.

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