Direct and Indirect Effects of Social Support on Youth Physical Activity Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Silva ◽  
Ryan Lott ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Greg Welk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Youth Physical Activity

Social support (SS) from parents and peers are key reinforcing factors in the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model. This study aims to identify the relative contribution of parental and peer SS on youth participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Participants included 203 high school students (n = 125 girls; mean age 14.99 ± 1.55 years). MVPA was assessed by accelerometry. SS influences were evaluated using a well-established scale. Structural equation modeling measured (AMOS, Version 19) the relative fit of the YPAP models using both parental and peer SS. Parental SS had significant associations with both predisposing factors, enjoyment (β = .62, p < .01), and self-efficacy (β= .32, p < .01), as well a direct effect on MVPA (β = .30, p < .01). Peer SS had direct effect on MVPA (β = .33, p < .05), also significantly influenced levels of enjoyment (β = .47, p < .01) and self-efficacy (β = .67, p < .01). In both models self-efficacy mediated the influence on MVPA. The direct effects for parents and peers were similar. This demonstrates that both parental and peer social support exert a strong influence on adolescent MVPA.

Psychosocial Correlates of Physical Activity in Two Cultural Contexts: Different Pathways?

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Silva ◽  
Ryan Lott ◽  
K. A. S. Wickrama ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Greg Welk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Youth Physical Activity ◽  
Youth Activity

Background:If the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model adequately explains youth physical activity (PA) in 2 different cultures and with 2 different sets of instruments, it would suggest that the model has broad utility for youth activity promotion.Methods:Two samples from different countries were used: sample 1—USA, 159 students (n = 83 girls) mean age 11.52 ± 1.40 years; sample 2—Portugal, 203 students (n = 125 girls) mean age 14.99 ± 1.55 years. PA was assessed by accelerometry. The YPAP model was analyzed through structural equation modeling using AMOS (version 17.0).Results:In sample 1, social-support had a direct association on MVPA (β = .58, P < .001), enjoyment (β = .70, P < .05), and self-efficacy (β = –.66, P < .001). Enjoyment significantly predicted MVPA (β = .60, P < .001) and self-efficacy significantly predicted MVPA (β = .55, P < .001). In sample 2, social-support had a direct effect on MVPA (β = .33, P < .05), significantly predicted enjoyment (β = –.43, P < .001), and significantly predicted self-efficacy (β = .63, P < .001). Self-efficacy was a significant predictor of MVPA (β = .14, P < .001) but enjoyment was not.Conclusions:Differences were noted in the nature of the relationships and the relative importance. Self-efficacy and social support had significant effects on MVPA in both samples—despite differences in the way that they were measured and operationalized.

scholarly journals Influences of Social Support, Perceived Barriers, and Negative Meanings of Physical Activity on Physical Activity in Middle School Students

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Hsu ◽  
Chih-Ping Chou ◽  
Selena T. Nguyen-Rodriguez ◽  
Arianna D. McClain ◽  
Britni R. Belcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Family Social Support

Background:A profound decline in physical activity occurs in puberty. This phenomenon is not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine associations between family/friend social support for physical activity, negative meanings of physical activity (NMPA), and internal /external barriers to physical activity with moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary and light behavior (SLB) in youth.Methods:A total of 350 participants from 7 Los Angeles County middle schools participated in the study (62% Latina, 79% females). Hypothesized pathways were examined using structural equation modeling. Psychosocial variables and participation in MVPA and SLB were assessed by self-reported questionnaires.Results:NMPA were related to lower levels of family/friend social support and greater internal/external barriers. Family social support was the only significant indicator of MVPA (β = 0.79). Low family social support was related to higher SLB (β = −0.25).Conclusions:Family social support seems crucial to promote MVPA and reduce SLB in adolescents and might be influenced by child’s feelings about physical activity. Future research should consider the interrelationship between psychosocial correlates of physical activity.

scholarly journals Social-Emotional Profile of Children with and without Learning Disabilities: The Relationships with Perceived Loneliness, Self-Efficacy and Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7358
Author(s):  
Tali Heiman ◽  
Dorit Olenik-Shemesh
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
School Students

The current study examined whether perceived social support mediated the effects of loneliness and self-efficacy on well-being among students with or without a learning disability (LD). Participants included 834 elementary, middle, and high school students from Israel (29.6% students with LDs) who completed self-report questionnaires. The results of structural equation modeling indicate that social support mediates the indirect effects of age, gender, loneliness and self-efficacy on well-being. In addition, the results show differences between groups, as non-LD girls noted a higher self-efficacy and well-being than boys, and well-being had indirect effects in the non-LD group than in the LD group. These results indicate students with LDs have a unique social-emotional profile that affects their well-being. The study highlights the importance of enhancing self-efficacy and reducing loneliness in order to increase social support, thus predicting positive well-being. Effective and practical educational programs are needed for both groups across age and gender.

scholarly journals Social support from family and friends for physical activity in adolescence: analysis with structural equation modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tailine Lisboa ◽  
Walan Robert da Silva ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva ◽  
Érico Pereira Gomes Felden ◽  
Andreia Pelegrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Social support is an important predictor for the maintenance of physical activity in adolescence. Thus, the social-ecological approach values the impact of individuals or groups interaction with available resources in the social environment for adopting an active lifestyle. This study analyzes social support from family and friends for adolescents to practice physical activity. Guided by the Social-Ecological Theory, an observational cross-sectional structural equations modeling was applied to 2,710 Brazilians adolescents aged from 14 to 18 years. We identified that the greater the social support from friends (β = 0.30; RMSEA = 0.065; CFI = 0.953; TLI = 0.922; SRMR = 0.048) and family, the greater the adolescents physical activity (β = 0.27; RMSEA = 0.015; CFI = 0.997; TLI = 0.995; SRMR = 0.013). However, support from both sources indicated no adequate adjustment values in the same study model. Our findings suggest that adolescents who perceive social support from family members or friends practice more physical activity, confirming that social support is important for physical activity promotion.

Evaluating the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model Among Portuguese Elementary Schoolchildren

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1159-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Seabra ◽  
José Maia ◽  
André F. Seabra ◽  
Greg Welk ◽  
Robert Brustad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Physical Competence ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Youth Physical Activity

Background:The Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model provides an integrated approach to understanding the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors influencing physical activity (PA) behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an adapted version of the YPAP model for explaining PA among Portuguese schoolchildren.Methods:A random cross-sectional sample of 683 children (8–10 years of age) attending elementary public schools in the north of Portugal completed a detailed survey assessing attraction to PA, perceived physical competence, parental influences and leisure time PA. Structural equation modeling techniques were conducted (EQS6.1).Results:Attraction to PA was directly associated with children’s PA participation (β = 0.271, P < .05). Perceived physical competence imposed an indirect effect on children’s PA through children’s attraction to PA (β = 0.253, P < .05). Parental influence had an indirect effect on children’s PA through perceived physical competence and attraction to PA (β = 0.318 and 0.662, respectively, P < .05). Perceived physical competence and parental influence were not directly associated with children’s PA (β = 0.069 and 0.180, respectively, P > .05).Conclusions:The adapted version of YPAP model was useful in explaining PA participation in elementary Portuguese schoolchildren. Intervention programs intended to enhance attraction to PA, perceived physical competence and favorable parental influence should be developed to promote children’s PA participation.

The Association Among Social Support, Self-Efficacy, Use of Mobile Apps, and Physical Activity: Structural Equation Models With Mediating Effects (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taotao Wang ◽  
Mengyuan Ren ◽  
Ying Shen ◽  
Xiaorou Zhu ◽  
Xing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Support Level ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a risk factor for chronic noncommunicable diseases. Insufficient physical activity has become an important public health problem worldwide. As mobile apps have rapidly developed, physical activity apps have the potential to improve the level of physical activity among populations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity apps on levels of physical activity among college students. METHODS A Web-based questionnaire was used to survey college students in Beijing from December 27, 2017, to January 5, 2018. According to a previous survey, 43% of college students using physical activity apps and 36% of those who never used such apps achieved the physical activity recommendations. In this study, the sample size was calculated to be 500. The questionnaire consisted of 5 parts: the use of physical activity apps, sports habits, social support, self-efficacy, and social demographic information. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between the use of physical activity apps, self-efficacy, social support, and level of physical activity. RESULTS Of the 1245 participants, 384 college students (30.8%) used physical activity apps (in the past month). Of these 384 students, 191 (49.7%) gained new friends via the app. College students who were using physical activity apps had a higher level of physical activity and higher scores for social support and self-efficacy (<italic>P</italic>&lt;.001) than those who did not use such apps. The use of physical activity apps significantly affected the mediating effect of physical activity level through social support (beta=.126; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001) and self-efficacy (beta=.294; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001). Gender played an important role in app use, self-efficacy, and physical activity in the mediation model: male users spent more time on physical activity and had higher self-efficacy scores (<italic>P</italic>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS This study focused on college students in Beijing and found that the use of physical activity apps is associated with higher physical activity levels among these students. This effect is mainly through the mediation effect of social support and self-efficacy, rather than the direct effect of physical activity apps. The use of physical activity apps is associated with a higher social support level and higher self-efficacy score. Furthermore, a high social support level and high self-efficacy score are associated with higher physical activity levels.

scholarly journals Motivational Determinants of Physical Activity in Disadvantaged Populations with (Pre)Diabetes: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen De Man ◽  
Francis Xavier Kasujja ◽  
Peter Delobelle ◽  
Kristi Sidney Annerstedt ◽  
Helle Mölsted Alvesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Motivational Process ◽  
Identified Regulation

Abstract BackgroundUnderstanding motivational determinants of physical activity (PA) is essential to guide the implementation of PA at individual and population level. Knowledge about the cross-cultural generalizability of these determinants is lacking and they have mostly been studied as separate factors. This study compares a motivational process model across samples from diverse populations with, or at risk of diabetes. MethodsMeasurement invariance of barrier identified regulation, barrier self-efficacy and social support was assessed in a rural Ugandan sample (n=712) and disadvantaged samples with high proportions of immigrants in urban South Africa (n=566) and Sweden (n=147). These motivational determinants were then compared through multigroup structural equation modeling.ResultsThe studied motivational constructs showed scalar invariance. Latent mean levels of perceived social support and barrier self-efficacy were lower in South Africa and Sweden. Structural models (for different PA outcomes) were not consistent across settings except for the association between perceived social support and identified regulation. Identified regulation was only associated with vigorous PA in Uganda and with moderate PA in South Africa. The association between social support and PA outcomes ranged from weak to not significant and the association between self-efficacy and PA was not significant. Self-reported PA was highest in Uganda and lowest in Sweden. Self-reported vigorous PA was significantly related to lower hemoglobin A1c levels, while moderate PA was not.ConclusionsFindings suggest that: 1) it is feasible to compare a motivational process model across diverse settings; 2) there is lower perceived social support and self-efficacy in the urban, migrant samples; 3) identified regulation is a more promising determinant of PA than self-efficacy or social support in these populations; 4) associations between motivational determinants and PA depend on the perceived type and/or intensity of PA; 5) perceived relatedness functions as a basic psychological need across diverse settings; and 6) people’s perception of the PA they perform depends on their perceived level of intensity of PA which would have major implications for health promotion.

scholarly journals Dynamics of sleep, sedentary behavior, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on school versus nonschool days

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Armstrong ◽  
Michael W Beets ◽  
Angela Starrett ◽  
Keith Brazendale ◽  
Gabrielle Turner-McGrievy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
School Day

Abstract Study Objectives Studies examining time-use activity behaviors (sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity) on school days compared with nonschool days have examined these behaviors independently, ignoring their interrelated nature, limiting our ability to optimize the health benefits of these behaviors. This study examines the associations of school-day (vs. nonschool day) with time-use activity behaviors. Methods Time series data (6,642 days) from Fitbits (Charge-2) were collected (n = 196, 53% female, 5–10 years). We used a variable-centered dynamic structural equation modeling approach to estimate day-to-day associations of time-use activity behaviors on school days for each child. We then used person-centered cluster analyses to group individuals based on these estimates. Results Within-participant analysis showed that on school days (vs. nonschool days), children (1) slept less (β = −0.17, 95% CI = −0.21, −0.13), (2) were less sedentary (β = −0.05, 95% CI = −0.09, −0.02), and (3) had comparable moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; β = −0.05, 95% CI = −0.11, 0.00). Between-participant analysis showed that, on school days, children with higher sleep carryover experienced greater decreases in sleep (β = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.71), children with higher body mass index z-score decreased sedentary behavior more (β = −0.41, 95% CI = −0.64, −0.13), and children with lower MVPA increased MVPA more (β = −0.41, 95% CI −0.64, −0.13). Cluster analysis demonstrated four distinct patterns of connections between time-use activity behaviors and school (High Activity, Sleep Resilient, High Sedentary, and Dysregulated Sleep). Conclusions Using a combination of person-centered and more traditional variable-centered approaches, we identified patterns of interrelated behaviors that differed on school, and nonschool days. Findings can inform targeted intervention strategies tailored to children’s specific behavior patterns.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Mechanism of Adolescents’ Depression: A Dose-Response Relation with Physical Activity

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Xiang ◽  
Xiangli Gu ◽  
Xiaoxia Zhang ◽  
Samantha Moss ◽  
Chaoqun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Supportive Environment ◽  
Validated Questionnaires ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Academic Self Efficacy ◽  
Different Doses

Depression has become the most prevalent mental health problem in developing countries, and especially among adolescents. Lubans and his colleagues proposed a psychosocial mechanism to understand the trajectory of mental health (i.e., depression). Thus, this study aimed (1) to examine the relations between different doses of physical activity (PA), light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), and vigorous PA (VPA), academic self-efficacy, and depression among adolescents, and (2) to investigate the direct and indirect relations of various doses of PA to depression through academic self-efficacy among middle school adolescents. Participants were 428 (235 boys, Mean age = 13.7) adolescents recruited from two middle schools in China. They completed previously validated questionnaires to measure different intensity levels of PA (LPA, MPA, and VPA), academic self-efficacy, and depression. There were significant associations of academic self-efficacy with three different doses of PA (p < 0.01). Both LPA and MPA were negatively associated with depression but not VPA. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed a well-fit model suggesting the psychosocial pathway from different doses of PA to depression through academic self-efficacy. Findings of this study indicated that academic self-efficacy regulates adolescents’ depression. Tailoring different intensities of PA benefits adolescents’ academic self-efficacy by framing the positive and supportive environment in schools, which can potentially reduce the prevalence of depression during adolescence.

Roles of Social Support and Social Skills in the Intercultural Adjustment of Japanese Adolescent Sojourners in the USA

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1201-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Yashima ◽  
Tomoko Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Usa ◽  
English Competence

Intercutlural adjustment of Japanese high school students who sojourned in the United States for one year is the focus of the study. Building relationships with host nationals using limited English competency is the challenge that seems basic to successful adjustment to life in the USA. A path model was constructed in which English competence leads to better social skills, which in turn affects the amount of social support gained from host nationals. This model was tested through structural equation modeling, and the model's fit to the data was satisfactory. The predictive roles of English proficiency and personality were suggested in a supplementary analysis.

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