An Observation Method for Determining the Number of Children and Adults Walking/Biking to Elementary School

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Suminski ◽  
Rick L. Petosa ◽  
Walker C.S. Poston ◽  
Emily Stevens ◽  
Laura Katzenmoyer
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
After School ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Walk To School ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Us Census ◽  
The Impact

Background:Methods are needed to assess the impact of walk-to-school programs on behavior. This study developed an observation method for counting the number of children and adults walking/biking to school.Methods:Two elementary schools located in different urban, US census tracts were chosen for this study. Six walking/biking routes to each school were observed for 30 min before and after school. Strict guidelines were followed for determining whether a child/adult was counted.Results:Levels of agreement between observers were over 97% for children and adults. Reliability coefficients (R) for two days of observations exceeded 0.90 for children and adults walking. No differences were seen between days of the week or before and after school observation periods (P > 0.05). The number seen walking did depend on the route observed (P < 0.01).Conclusion:This study presents a reliable observation method for determining the number of children and adults walking and biking to/from school.

scholarly journals Impacts of school closure due to COVID-19 on the mobility trend of Japanese citizens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hai Nam ◽  
Anh PN Nguyen ◽  
Bao-Tran Do Le ◽  
Abdelrahman Gamil Gad ◽  
Abdelrahman Sherif Mohamed Abdelnae Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Measure ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
School Closure ◽  
After School ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Before School ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Staying At Home

School closure was the only main control measure that Japan took into action from late February to late March in 2020. Accurate evaluation of how Japanese citizens responded to the impact of school closure remains a challenge. Data from the Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Report was used to analyze the mobility trend of Japanese citizens regarding six categories, including retail and recreation, grocery and pharmacy, parks, transit stations, workplace, and residential. The median percentage of mobility in all 47 prefectures of Japan was calculated during five periods of time, including one week before school closure, one week, two weeks, three weeks, and four weeks after school closure. There was a significant decline in the mobility trend of transit stations, grocery and pharmacy, parks, retail and recreation, and workplace at the moment after school closure compared to the prior period. Inversely, the mobility trend in staying at home remarkably increased following the implementation of school closure. Our study determined a significant change in the mobility trend of Japanese citizens before and after school closure. These data reflected the responsibility and the consciousness of Japanese citizens in mitigating COVID-19.

scholarly journals Bridging Public Health and Education: Results of a School-Based Physical Activity Program to Increase Student Fitness

2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 81S-87S ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon L. Barrett-Williams ◽  
Padra Franks ◽  
Christi Kay ◽  
Adria Meyer ◽  
Kelly Cornett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Professional Development ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
After School ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
School Based ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
Physical Activity Programs ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Power Up for 30 (PU30) is a schoolwide intervention that encourages schools to provide an additional 30 minutes of physical activity during the school day, beyond physical education. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of PU30 on Georgia public elementary schools and their students. Methods: A total of 719 of 1320 public elementary schools in Georgia that were sent a baseline survey about school physical activity during October 2013 to September 2014 completed the survey, 160 of which were asked to complete a second survey. In the interim (March to June 2015), half (80) of these schools implemented the PU30 program. The interim surveys, which were completed during March to June 2015, assessed opportunities for student physical activity and staff member professional development focused on student physical activity. Results: Compared with schools that had not implemented the program, more schools using the PU30 program reported offering before- and after-school physical activity programs. Forty-four of 78 (57%) PU30 schools compared with 20 of 53 (38%) non-PU30 schools offered before-school physical activity programs. Likewise, more PU30 schools than non-PU30 schools offered after-school physical activity programs (35% vs 16%), and a greater proportion of students at PU30 schools compared with non-PU30 schools met fitness benchmarks: recess 5 days per week (91% [288 of 323] vs 80% [273 of 341]), offering ≥11 minutes per day of classroom-based physical activity (39% [53 of 136] vs 25% [47 of 189] for kindergarten through second grade; 20% [37 of 187] vs 6% [9 of 152] for grades 3 through 5), and receiving physical activity–related professional development time (42% [136 of 323] vs 14% [48 of 341]). Conclusions: The surveys provided a statewide picture of the physical activity opportunities offered to students and staff members in Georgia elementary schools and demonstrated the effective use of a comprehensive, multicomponent program to offer more school-based physical activity opportunities and to improve student fitness.

The impact of after-school programs on educational equality and private tutoring expenses

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghoon Bae ◽  
Hunseok Oh ◽  
Hyunchul Kim ◽  
Cheolwon Lee ◽  
Beomho Oh
Keyword(s):  
Private Tutoring ◽  
After School Programs ◽  
After School ◽  
Educational Equality ◽  
School Programs ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals PERILAKU SADARI REMAJA PUTRI MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DI SMK 1 MUHAMMADIYAH LAMONGAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulistiyowati Sulistiyowati
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The Impact

Breast cancer incidence is still very high; therefore SADARI would be more effective if it is done as early as possible to determine abnormalities. Health education is one effort to make adolescents realizing to do SADARI. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of health education on breast self-examination behavior in female adolescent. Research design used is One-Group Pretest-Posttest design using simple random sampling obtaining sample of 49 female adolescents at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Lamongan in April 2016. Data were collected using checklist with the observation method and analyzed using Chi-Square. The results showed that before being given health education, 93.9% of female adolescents made mistakes in doing SADARI and after being given health education, 69.4% of female adolescents made mistakes in doing SADARI. There are differences in doing SADARI of female adolescents in eleventh grade before and after being given health education concluded from this data X 2 = 7,243 and p = 0.007. It can be concluded that the promotion of health education is very influential to improve SADARI in female adolescents. It can improve their knowledge and it can be applied in the examination and early detection of breast cancer.

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