Secular Improvements in Cognitive Aging: Contribution of Education, Health, and Routine Activities

Objectives Limited evidence exists regarding the reasons for secular changes in cognitive functioning over historical time. Thus, we examined potential explanatory factors for changes in cognitive speed, a central dimension of cognitive functioning. Methods Population-based data of middle-aged and older adults from Germany ( N = 5443) was used with baseline participants from 2002 to 2014, comparing the time periods 2002–2014. Results Cognitive speed improved in middle-aged adults (40–65) and older adults (66+). In both age groups, increases were partly explained by education, employment status, volunteering status, routine activities, and physical functioning. Changes in education were more important in explaining increases in older than in middle-aged adults, whereas changes in health were more important for explaining increases in middle-aged adults. Conclusions Cognitive speed increased in both age groups over historical time. Education, employment, volunteering, routine activities, and health were all important in explaining these changes, but their importance differed between age groups.

Cyber victimization within the Routine Activity Theory Framework in the Digital Age

This quantitative-based research determined whether the routine activity theory influences cyber victimization. To measure the dimensions of the theory, defined as exposure to a motivated offender, suitable online target, and absence of a capable guardian, a valid and reliable questionnaire was used. The cyber victimization questionnaire developed by Álvarez-García, Dobarro, and Núñez was applied to 1,285 students selected at random from schools in Colombia. Findings: 46% are identified as exposed to a motivated offender, 37.5% are suitable online targets, and 29.8% have no capable guardians. The interdependence of these three elements revealed that 3.9% of students are at risk due to their routine activities, which had a significant influence on cyber victimization. It is proposed that these findings should be considered in the design of communicative and educational policies aimed at a responsible use of technologies.

Artificial Intelligence in HRM

Artificial intelligence's ability to enhance the applicant and employee involvement by automating routine, low-value responsibilities, and freeing up time to concentrate on the more planned, innovative work that teams need and want to do has been a burning topic in the research world for years. The technology may lead to improved recruitment, performance evaluations, training, and career management approaches. This literature review looks at artificial intelligence in HRM in terms of recruitment, performance measurement, training and coaching, and career management operations. It allows HR departments to enhance the applicant and employee experience by automating low-value, routine activities, allowing resources to concentrate on more strategic, disruptive work.

Low Self-Control and Cybercrime Victimization: An Examination of Indirect Effects Through Risky Online Behavior

Research has established that individuals lower in self-control are at increased risk of offline criminal victimization due to their proclivity to engage in risky routine activities. While some studies have investigated whether a similar pattern is observed in the online context, additional inquiry into whether the link between low self-control and cybercrime victimization operates indirectly through risky online behavior is warranted given certain measurement and methodological limitations of prior research. Using original data collected on a sample of young adults, we find that the association between low self-control and a variety measure of cybercrime victimization operates entirely and indirectly through a variety measure of risky online behaviors. The implications of this finding for policy and programing are discussed.

What’s New in Hip Replacement- Recent Update and Guidelines

Hip replacement surgery has undergone tremendous changes from preoperative work up to post operative management. Now many studies are done on individual stages to assess which is the best method. Also, these are helping to fasten the recovery phase. Early and pain free mobilisation is the present motto in joint replacements so that patients can get back to their routine activities as soon as possible.

Upaya Peningkatan Profesionalisme Guru Al-Islam dan Kemuhammadiyahan Pemula di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah

This research was conducted in order to see problems such as some students during the learning process of teaching al-Islam material and Kemuhammadiyahan there are students who are noisy, chatty and so on, when the teacher of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan is finished. explaining and the teacher giving feedback or asking the students, some students do not understand and can not answer it, there are still many problems of student discipline in the subjects of Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan when the teacher gives exercises or submits notes about Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan, the majority of students are noisy and uneasy, those who are slow in learning Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan do not respond to learning positively then are not motivated to learn. Related to the above problems, this study aims to outline the efforts made by leaders in improving teacher profession. The method used in this study is qualitative, data collection techniques include observation, interview and documentation studies. All data collected is then analyzed with a qualitative approach. The result of this study is that the efforts made by the leadership in improving the professionalism of al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan teachers are through coaching, routine activities of al-Islam and Islamic studies. There are several supporting factors that facilitate the realization of the improvement of the professionalism of al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan teachers in MI Teluk Kuantan is the full support of the leadership of Muhammadiyah Riau region.

THE ROLE OF ACADEMIC FLOW IN STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT AND WELL-BEING

Flow experience is related to well-being. Still, the question arises as to whether the flow is beneficial because of its intensity and frequency, or its contribution to well-being depends on the domain in which it is experienced. It was hypothesized that flow experienced in a domain that is perceived important and useful (i.e., the academic domain) contributes more to students’ well-being than flow experienced in domains that are perceived as less important and less useful (leisure and routine activities) even though it is in academic domain experienced less often and less intensely. This hypothesis was tested in two separate studies. In the first study, the flow was operationalized as a trait and the frequency of flow was measured via questionnaires. In the second study, the flow was operationalized as a state and the intensity of flow was measured via the experience sampling method. The samples were comprised of university students from Zagreb, Croatia. Both studies showed that flow in a domain that is perceived as more important and useful (i.e., the academic domain), although is experienced less often and less strongly, is more related to students’ well-being than flow in domains perceived by students as less important and less useful (leisure and routine activities). It was also tested if the association between academic flow and well-being is mediated by academic achievement. This hypothesis was not accepted. The results of this study indicate that it is important for students to have opportunities to experience flow in their studies because it is a pleasant state, related to better achievement, and it adds to their overall well-being. Keywords: flow experience, sampling method, flourishing, flow in learning, life satisfaction, optimal experience