Differences in Gluteal and Quadriceps Muscle Activation Among Adults With and Without Lumbar Hyperlordosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1100-1105
Author(s):  
Mohammad H. Izadi Farhadi ◽  
Foad Seidi ◽  
Hooman Minoonejad ◽  
Abbey C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Lumbar Hyperlordosis ◽  
Single Leg Squat ◽  
The Moment

Context: Many factors have been reported contributing to altering the neuromuscular function of hip and knee muscles. The lumbar hyperlordosis, as a poor posture in some athletes, is thought to be associated with the alteration of the hip and knee muscles activity. Objective: To examine the activation of selected hip and knee muscles in athletes with and without lumbar hyperlordosis during functional activities. Design: Case-control study. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: Twenty-six college male athletes (n = 13 with and n = 13 without lumbar hyperlordosis). Interventions: Surface electromyography of gluteus maximus (GMAX), gluteus medius (GMED), vastus medialis oblique (VMO), and vastus lateralis (VL) were recorded during single-leg squat and single-leg jump landing (SLJL) tasks. Main Outcome Measure: Preactivity; reactivity; and onset muscle during SLJL and eccentric activity during single-leg squat (GMAX, GMED, VMO, and VL along with the ratio of VMO:VL) were assessed. Results: Athletes with lumbar hyperlordosis had a higher level of activity in their GMAX (P = .003), VMO (P = .04), and VL (P = .01) muscles at the moment before foot contact during SLJL. These athletes also demonstrated a higher level of GMAX activity (P = .01) immediately after foot contact. Finally, athletes with lumbar hyperlordosis activated their GMAX sooner (P = .02) during the SLJL. Athletes with normal lumbar lordosis had more activity in their GMED muscle (P = .001) in the descending phase of the single-leg squat task and a higher VMO:VL (P = .01) at the moment after the foot contact during the SLJL. Conclusion: The altered activation of GMAX, GMED, VMO, VL, and VMO:VL can reveal the role of lumbar hyperlordosis in the knee and hip muscles’ alteration in athletes. Further study is needed to identify whether these alterations in the hip and knee muscles contribute to injury in athletes.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Multifactorial Approach Describing the Relationships Among Lower Extremity Alignment, Hip Muscle Activation, and Lower Extremity Joint Excursion

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Sandra J. Shultz ◽  
Randy J. Schmitz ◽  
Richard M. Luecht ◽  
David H. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Femoral Anteversion ◽  
Navicular Drop ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Single Leg Squat ◽  
Multifactorial Approach ◽  
Hip Internal Rotation

Context: Multiple factors have been suggested to increase the risk of faulty dynamic alignments that predict noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. Few researchers have examined this relationship using an integrated, multifactorial approach. Objective: To describe the relationship among static lower extremity alignment (LEA), hip muscle activation, and hip and knee motion during a single-leg squat. Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Thirty men (age = 23.9 ± 3.6 years, height = 178.5 ± 9.9 cm, mass = 82.0 ± 14.1 kg) and 30 women (age = 22.2 ± 2.6 years, height = 162.4 ± 6.3 cm, mass = 60.3 ± 8.1 kg). Main Outcome Measure(s): Pelvic angle, femoral anteversion, quadriceps angle, tibiofemoral angle, and genu recurvatum were measured to the nearest degree; navicular drop was measured to the nearest millimeter. The average root mean square amplitude of the gluteus medius and maximus muscles was assessed during the single-leg squat and normalized to the peak root mean square value during maximal contractions for each muscle. Kinematic data of hip and knee were also assessed during the single-leg squat. Structural equation modeling was used to describe the relationships among static LEA, hip muscle activation, and joint kinematics, while also accounting for an individual's sex and hip strength. Results: Smaller pelvic angle and greater femoral anteversion, tibiofemoral angle, and navicular drop predicted greater hip internal-rotation excursion and knee external-rotation excursion. Decreased gluteus maximus activation predicted greater hip internal-rotation excursion but decreased knee valgus excursion. No LEA characteristic predicted gluteus medius or gluteus maximus muscle activation during the single-leg squat. Conclusions: Static LEA, characterized by a more internally rotated hip and valgus knee alignment and less gluteus maximus activation, was related to commonly observed components of functional valgus collapse during the single-leg squat. This exploratory analysis suggests that LEA does not influence hip muscle activation in controlling joint motion during a single-leg squat.

scholarly journals Muscle activation during single leg squat is affected by position of the nonstance limb

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Khuu ◽  
Kari L. Loverro ◽  
Cara L. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Knee Kinetics ◽  
Hip Muscles ◽  
Single Leg Squat ◽  
Ascent Phase

ABSTRACT Context: The single leg squat (SLS) is appropriate for targeting activation, strengthening, and/or neuromuscular retraining of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and quadriceps. However, the effect of different non-stance leg positions on muscle activity has not been fully evaluated. Objective: To compare the muscle activity of selected stance leg hip muscles during the SLS with 3 non-stance leg positions: in front, in the middle, and in back. Design: Controlled laboratory study. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Seventeen healthy adults. Main Outcome Measure(s): Surface EMG data of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, lateral hamstrings, medial hamstrings, rectus femoris, and TFL as well as kinetic data of the hip and knee were collected while participants performed the 3 SLS tasks. Mean muscle activation levels during the descent phase and ascent phase for the selected hip muscles were compared for the 3 tasks. Hip and knee kinetics in all 3 planes were also compared for the 3 tasks. Each variable of interest was analyzed using a separate linear regression model with a generalized estimating equations correction. Results: Muscle activation levels of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, medial hamstrings, rectus femoris, and TFL on the stance leg during descent, and the medial hamstrings and TFL during ascent were significantly different between SLS tasks. The greatest number of differences occurred between SLS-Front and SLS-Back. During descent, gluteal muscle activity was greater in SLS-Front and SLS-Middle than in SLS-Back. For both phases, TFL activity was greater during SLS-Front than both SLS-Middle and SLS-Back. Kinetic differences at the hip and knee between SLS tasks were also observed. Conclusion: The 3 SLS tasks have different muscle activation and kinetic profiles. Clinician and researchers can vary non-stance leg position during the SLS to manipulate muscle activation levels and tailor the exercise to assist with goals at different stages of rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Balance and Lower Limb Muscle Activation Between in-Line and Traditional Lunge Exercises

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo H. Marchetti ◽  
Mauro A. Guiselini ◽  
Josinaldo J. da Silva ◽  
Raymond Tucker ◽  
David G. Behm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
Line P ◽  
Posterior Position

Abstract In-line and traditional lunge exercises present differences in technique as lower limb positioning (anterioposterior), and medio-lateral (ML) balance may differentially affect primary and stabilizer muscles. The purposes of this study were to examine ML balance and muscle activation in anterior and posterior leg positions between in-line and traditional lunge exercises. Fifteen young, healthy, resistance-trained men (25 ± 5 years) performed 2 different lunge exercises (in-line and traditional) at their 10 repetition maximum in a randomized, counterbalanced fashion. Surface electromyography measured muscle activation of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius. ML balance was measured with a Wii Fit Balance Board. The vastus lateralis activity was not significantly different between exercises or leg positions. The biceps femoris activity was not significantly different between exercises, however, it was significantly greater in the anterior compared to the posterior position for the in-line (p = 0.003), and traditional lunge (p < 0.001). The gluteus maximus activity was not significantly different between exercises, however, it was significantly greater in the anterior compared to posterior position for the in-line (p < 0.001) and traditional lunge (p < 0.001). ML balance was significantly greater in the in-line exercise in the anterior limb (p = 0.001). Thus, both in-line and traditional lunge exercises presented similar overall levels of muscle activation, yet the anterior limb generated the highest biceps femoral and gluteus maximus muscle activation when compared to the posterior limb. The in-line lunge presents greater ML balance when compared to the traditional lunge exercise.

Effect of side-sling plank exercise on trunk and hip muscle activation in subjects with gluteus medius weakness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Seung-Min Baik ◽  
Heon-Seock Cynn ◽  
Chung-Hwi Yi ◽  
Ji-Hyun Lee ◽  
Jung-Hoon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Lumbar Multifidus ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Medial Rotation ◽  
Hip Muscles ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of side-sling plank (SSP) exercises on trunk and hip muscle activation in subjects with gluteus medius (Gmed) weakness is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To quantify muscle activation of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), erector spinae (ES), lumbar multifidus (LM), Gmed, gluteus maximus (Gmax), and tensor fasciae latae (TFL) during SSP with three different hip rotations compared to side-lying hip abduction (SHA) exercise in subjects with Gmed weakness. METHODS: Twenty-two subjects with Gmed weakness were recruited. SHA and three types of SSP exercises were performed: SSP with neutral hip (SSP-N), hip lateral rotation (SSP-L), and hip medial rotation (SSP-M). Surface electromyography was used to measure the activation of the trunk and hip muscles. RESULTS: The trunk and hip muscles activations were generally significantly higher level during three SSP than SHA. SSP-M showed significantly lower EO activation while significantly higher ES and LM activation than SSP-L. Gmed activation was significantly higher during SSP-M than during SSP-L. TFL activation was significantly lower during SSP-M than during SSP-N and SSP-L. CONCLUSIONS: SSP could be prescribed for patients who have reduced Gmed strength after injuries. Especially, SSP-M could be applied for patients who have Gmed weakness with dominant TFL.

scholarly journals Hip-Muscle Activity in Men and Women During Resisted Side Stepping With Different Band Positions

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1071-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Lewis ◽  
Hanna D. Foley ◽  
Theresa S. Lee ◽  
Justin W. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Band Placement ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Trunk Inclination ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Few Data

ContextWeakness or decreased activation of the hip abductors and external rotators has been associated with lower extremity injury, especially in females. Resisted side stepping is commonly used to address hip weakness. Whereas multiple variations of this exercise are used clinically, few data exist regarding which variations to select.ObjectiveTo investigate differences in muscle-activation and movement patterns and determine kinematic and limb-specific differences between men and women during resisted side stepping with 3 resistive-band positions.DesignControlled laboratory study.SettingLaboratory.Patients or Other ParticipantsA total of 22 healthy adults (11 men, 11 women; age = 22.8 ± 3.0 years, height = 171.6 ± 10.7 cm, mass = 68.5 ± 11.8 kg).Intervention(s)Participants side stepped with the resistive band at 3 locations (knees, ankles, feet).Main Outcome Measure(s)We collected surface electromyography of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and tensor fascia lata (TFL) for the moving and stance limbs during the concentric and eccentric phases. We also measured trunk inclination, hip and knee flexion, and hip-abduction excursion.ResultsHip-abductor activity was higher in women than in men (P ≤ .04). The pattern of TFL activity in the stance limb differed by sex. Women performed the exercise in greater forward trunk inclination (P = .009) and had greater hip excursion (P = .003). Gluteus maximus and medius activity increased when the band was moved from the knees to the ankles and from the ankles to the feet, whereas TFL activity increased only when the band was moved from the knees to the ankles. Findings were similar for both the stance and moving limbs, but the magnitudes of the changes differed.ConclusionsCompared with placing the band around the ankles, placing the band around the feet for resisted side stepping elicited more activity in the gluteal muscles without increasing TFL activity. This band placement is most appropriate when the therapeutic goal is to activate the muscles that resist hip adduction and internal rotation.

scholarly journals TRAINING LOAD DEMANDS MEASURED BY SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY WHEN PERFORMING LAW ENFORCEMENT-SPECIFIC BODY DRAGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
Robert George Lockie ◽  
Ashley Bloodgood ◽  
Matthew Moreno ◽  
Megan McGuire ◽  
Katherine Balfany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Semg Signal ◽  
Body Drag

The use of surface electromyography (sEMG) wearable technology to measure training load (TL) during law enforcement-specific tasks (e.g. a body drag) requires investigation. This study determined muscle activation differences represented as TL during a 9.75-m drag with 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies. Eight men and three women were fitted with a compression short or legging embedded with sEMG wearable technology to measure the quadriceps (QUAD; vastus medialis+vastus lateralis), biceps femoris (BF), and gluteus maximus (GM). After fitting on day one, participants completed maximal voluntary isometric contractions for each muscle to normalize the sEMG signal and calculate TL units. On days two and three, participants performed a 9.75 m body drag using either the 74.84 kg or the 90.72 kg dummy while wearing the technology. Participants lifted the dummy off the floor to a standing position and dragged it as quickly as possible over 9.75 m. Paired samples t-tests calculated between-drag differences for: time; QUAD, BF, GM, and total TL; and QUAD-BF, GM-BF, anterior-posterior (QUAD-GM+BF) ratios. QUAD TL was 9% greater (p=0.035), and GM TL was 8% lower (p=0.043), in the 90.72 kg body drag compared to the 74.84 kg drag. There were no between-mass differences in time, BF TL, total TL, or the ratios. QUAD TL increased while GM TL decreased when participants dragged a 90.72 kg dummy. As drag time was not different between the masses, drag mechanics may have changed leading to increased QUAD TL. sEMG wearable technology could be a useful method to measure TL in law enforcement-specific dragging tasks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Lower Limb Muscles’ Electromyographic Activity during the Leg Press Exercise and Its Variants: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4626
Author(s):  
Isabel Martín-Fuentes ◽  
José M. Oliva-Lozano ◽  
José M. Muyor
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leg Press

The aim of this study was to analyze the literature on muscle activation measured by surface electromyography (sEMG) of the muscles recruited when performing the leg press exercise and its variants. The Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to report this review. The search was carried out using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases. The articles selected met the following inclusion criteria: (a) a cross-sectional or longitudinal study design; (b) neuromuscular activation assessed during the leg press exercise, or its variants; (c) muscle activation data collected using sEMG; and (d) study samples comprising healthy and trained participants. The main findings indicate that the leg press exercise elicited the greatest sEMG activity from the quadriceps muscle complex, which was shown to be greater as the knee flexion angle increased. In conclusion, (1) the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis elicited the greatest muscle activation during the leg press exercise, followed closely by the rectus femoris; (2) the biceps femoris and the gastrocnemius medialis showed greater muscular activity as the knee reached full extension, whereas the vastus lateralis and medialis, the rectus femoris, and the tibialis anterior showed a decreasing muscular activity pattern as the knee reached full extension; (3) evidence on the influence of kinematics modifications over sEMG during leg press variants is still not compelling as very few studies match their findings.

scholarly journals Electromyographic evaluation of the lower limbs of patients with Down syndrome in hippotherapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Fernandes Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Paula Espindula ◽  
Alex Abadio Ferreira ◽  
Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de Souza ◽  
Vicente De Paula Antunes Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Tensor Fasciae Latae

Hippotherapy is a therapeutic method that uses the horse’s movement to achieve functional results in practitioners with Down syndrome (DS), who present motor and neurophysiological changes that affect the musculoskeletal system. Evaluating the motor behavior related to the control and the improvement of muscle activation in practitioners with Down syndrome subjected to hippotherapy. 10 practitioners were divided into two groups: Down Group (DG) – practitioners with DS, and Healthy Group (HG) – practitioners with no physical impairment. The muscles gluteus medius, tensor fasciae latae, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius were evaluated by electromyography using gross RMS values, which correspond to muscle activation; the evaluations were performed on the 1st and 10th hippotherapy sessions (frequency: once a week), and after 2 months interval without treatment, they were performed on the 1st and 10th hippotherapy sessions (frequency: twice a week). It was noted that activation of the studied muscles increased with the passing of sessions, regardless the weekly frequency of attendance; however, the period without treatment resulted in reduction of this effect. Practitioners with DS presented satisfactory changes in muscle activation pattern, in learning and in motor behavior during hippotherapy sessions. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document