Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Combined With Resistance Training or Neuromuscular Electrostimulation on Muscle Cross-Sectional Area

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
João Guilherme Almeida Bergamasco ◽  
Ieda Fernanda Alvarez ◽  
Thais Marina Pires de Campos Biazon ◽  
Carlos Ugrinowitsch ◽  
Cleiton Augusto Libardi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrostimulation ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Context: Low-load resistance training (LL) and neuromuscular electrostimulation (NES), both combined with blood flow restriction (BFR), emerge as effective strategies to maintain or increase muscle mass. It is well established that LL-BFR promotes similar increases in muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and lower rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and pain compared with traditional resistance training protocols. On the other hand, only 2 studies with conflicting results have investigated the effects of NES-BFR on CSA, RPE, and pain. In addition, no study directly compared LL-BFR and NES-BFR. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of LL-BFR and NES-BFR on vastus lateralis CSA, RPE, and pain. Individual response for muscle hypertrophy was also compared between protocols. Design: Intrasubject longitudinal study. Setting: University research laboratory. Intervention: Fifteen healthy young males (age = 23 [5] y; weight = 77.6 [11.3] kg; height = 1.76 [0.08] m). Main Outcome Measures: Vastus lateralis CSA was measured through ultrasound at baseline (pre) and after 20 training sessions (post). The RPE and pain responses were obtained through modified 10-point scales, handled during all training sessions. Results: Both protocols demonstrated significant increases in muscle CSA (P < .0001). However, the LL-BFR demonstrated significantly greater CSA changes compared with NES-BFR (LL-BFR = 11.2%, NES-BFR = 4.6%; P < .0001). Comparing individual increases in CSA, 12 subjects (85.7% of the sample) presented greater muscle hypertrophy for LL-BFR than for the NES-BFR protocol. In addition, LL-BFR produced significantly lower RPE and pain responses (P < .0001). Conclusions: The LL-BFR produced significantly greater increases in CSA with significant less RPE and pain than NES-BFR. In addition, LL-BFR resulted in greater individual muscle hypertrophy responses for most subjects compared with NES-BFR.

Eight weeks of resistance training increases strength, muscle cross-sectional area and motor unit size, but does not alter firing rates in the vastus lateralis

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Sterczala ◽  
Jonathan D. Miller ◽  
Hannah L. Dimmick ◽  
Mandy E. Wray ◽  
Michael A. Trevino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Motor Unit ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Unit Size ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Optimal parameters of blood flow restriction and resistance training on quadriceps strength and cross-sectional area and pain in knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Waleed S. Mahmoud ◽  
Ahmed Osailan ◽  
Ahmed S. Ahmed ◽  
Ragab K. Elnaggar ◽  
Nadia L. Radwan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Low Intensity

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common chronic diseases impacting millions of elderly people. OBJECTIVES: The study compared the effects of two intensities of partial blood flow restriction (BFR) with low-intensity resistance training on quadriceps strength and cross-sectional area (CSA), and pain in people with knee osteoarthritis (PwKOA). METHODS: Thirty-five PwKOA, aged 50–65, participated. Quadriceps CSA was measured by ultrasonography, quadriceps strength – by isokinetic dynamometry and pain by VAS. These outcome variables were obtained at the beginning of the study and re-evaluated eight weeks after the intervention. RESULTS: An interaction effect was present for quadriceps CSA (P= 0.042) and quadriceps strength (P= 0.006), showing that using 70% of total occlusion pressure with 30% 1RM had a more significant effect. Knee pain improved significantly through the main effect of BFR (P< 0.001), and low-intensity resistance training (P= 0.011). Pain improved more at 70% of total occlusion pressure, with 30% of 1RM (2.5 ± 1.06) than 50% total occlusion pressure with 10% of 1RM (5.77 ± 1.46). CONCLUSION: A combination of 70% of total occlusion pressure with 30% 1RM could be beneficial in PwKOA in improving pain, and increasing the quadriceps strength. The changes in the quadriceps strength could be a predictor for knee pain.

Early resistance training-induced increases in muscle cross-sectional area are concomitant with edema-induced muscle swelling

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Damas ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips ◽  
Manoel E. Lixandrão ◽  
Felipe C. Vechin ◽  
Cleiton A. Libardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

scholarly journals Effects of combined treatment with blood flow restriction and low-current electrical stimulation on muscle hypertrophy in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 1288-1296
Author(s):  
Madoka Yoshikawa ◽  
Takeshi Morifuji ◽  
Tomohiro Matsumoto ◽  
Noriaki Maeshige ◽  
Minoru Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Blood Flow Restriction ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

This study aimed to clarify the effects of a combined treatment comprising blood flow restriction and low-current electrical stimulation on skeletal muscle hypertrophy in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into control (Cont), blood flow restriction (Bfr), electrical stimulation (Es), or Bfr with Es (Bfr + Es) groups. Pressure cuffs (80 mmHg) were placed around the thighs of Bfr and Bfr + Es rats. Low-current Es was applied to calf muscles in the Es and Bfr + Es rats. In experiment 1, a 1-day treatment regimen (5-min stimulation, followed by 5-min rest) was delivered four times to study the acute effects. In experiment 2, the same treatment regimen was delivered three times/wk for 8 wk. Body weight, muscle mass, changes in maximal isometric contraction, fiber cross-sectional area of the soleus muscle, expression of phosphorylated and total-ERK1/2, phosphorylated-rpS6 Ser235/236, phosphorylated and total Akt, and phosphorylated-rpS6 Ser240/244 were measured. Bfr and Es treatment alone failed to induce muscle hypertrophy and increase the expression of phosphorylated rpS6 Ser240/244. Combined Bfr + Es upregulated muscle mass, increased the fiber cross-sectional area, and increased phosphorylated rpS6 Ser240/244 expression and phosphorylated rpS6 Ser235/236 expression compared with controls. Combined treatment with Bfr and low-current Es can induce muscle hypertrophy via activation of two protein synthesis signaling pathways. This treatment should be introduced for older patients with sarcopenia and others with muscle weakness. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the acute and chronic effect of low-current electrical stimulation with blood flow restriction on skeletal muscle hypertrophy and the mechanisms controlling the hypertrophic response. Low-current electrical stimulation could not induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy, but a combination treatment did. Blood lactate and growth hormone levels were increased in the early response. Moreover, activation of ERK1/2 and mTOR pathways were observed in both the acute and chronic response, which contribute to muscle hypertrophy.

Changes in the human muscle force-velocity relationship in response to resistance training and subsequent detraining

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars L. Andersen ◽  
Jesper L. Andersen ◽  
S. Peter Magnusson ◽  
Charlotte Suetta ◽  
Jørgen L. Madsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Limb Movement ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Contractile Properties ◽  
Type I ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Previous studies show that cessation of resistance training, commonly known as “detraining,” is associated with strength loss, decreased neural drive, and muscular atrophy. Detraining may also increase the expression of fast muscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. The present study examined the effect of detraining subsequent to resistance training on contractile performance during slow-to-medium velocity isokinetic muscle contraction vs. performance of maximal velocity “unloaded” limb movement (i.e., no external loading of the limb). Maximal knee extensor strength was measured in an isokinetic dynamometer at 30 and 240°/s, and performance of maximal velocity limb movement was measured with a goniometer during maximal unloaded knee extension. Muscle cross-sectional area was determined with MRI. Electromyographic signals were measured in the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Twitch contractions were evoked in the passive vastus lateralis muscle. MHC isoform composition was determined with SDS-PAGE. Isokinetic muscle strength increased 18% ( P < 0.01) and 10% ( P < 0.05) at slow and medium velocities, respectively, along with gains in muscle cross-sectional area and increased electromyogram in response to 3 mo of resistance training. After 3 mo of detraining these gains were lost, whereas in contrast maximal unloaded knee extension velocity and power increased 14% ( P < 0.05) and 44% ( P < 0.05), respectively. Additionally, faster muscle twitch contractile properties along with an increased and decreased amount of MHC type II and MHC type I isoforms, respectively, were observed. In conclusion, detraining subsequent to resistance training increases maximal unloaded movement speed and power in previously untrained subjects. A phenotypic shift toward faster muscle MHC isoforms (I → IIA → IIX) and faster electrically evoked muscle contractile properties in response to detraining may explain the present results.

UPPER BODY RESISTANCE TRAINING IN WOMEN INCREASES ARM MUSCLE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA BY A 20% AVERAGE

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S325
Author(s):  
L. A. Gotshalk ◽  
B. C. Nindl ◽  
R. U. Newton ◽  
S. J. Fleck ◽  
K. H??kkinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

scholarly journals High-Volume And High-Intensity Resistance Training Effects On Upper-Leg Lean Tissue Mass And Muscle Cross-Sectional Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7S) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Morgan A. Smith ◽  
Christopher G. Vann ◽  
Casey L. Sexton ◽  
Shelby C. Osburn ◽  
Darren T. Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lean Tissue Mass ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Vastus Lateralis Muscle Cross-sectional Area Ultrasonography Validity for Image Fitting in Humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 3293-3297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel E. Lixandrão ◽  
Carlos Ugrinowitsch ◽  
Martim Bottaro ◽  
Mara P.T. Chacon-Mikahil ◽  
Claudia R. Cavaglieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area
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