scholarly journals Dissociation of broadband high-frequency activity and neuronal firing in the neocortex

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (33) ◽  
pp. eabb0977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Leszczyński ◽  
Annamaria Barczak ◽  
Yoshinao Kajikawa ◽  
Istvan Ulbert ◽  
Arnaud Y. Falchier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Analytic Signal ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Cortical Layers ◽  
Pial Surface ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Physiological Substrates ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Broadband high-frequency activity (BHA; 70 to 150 Hz), also known as “high gamma,” a key analytic signal in human intracranial (electrocorticographic) recordings, is often assumed to reflect local neural firing [multiunit activity (MUA)]. As the precise physiological substrates of BHA are unknown, this assumption remains controversial. Our analysis of laminar multielectrode data from V1 and A1 in monkeys outlines two components of stimulus-evoked BHA distributed across the cortical layers: an “early-deep” and “late-superficial” response. Early-deep BHA has a clear spatial and temporal overlap with MUA. Late-superficial BHA was more prominent and accounted for more of the BHA signal measured near the cortical pial surface. However, its association with local MUA is weak and often undetectable, consistent with the view that it reflects dendritic processes separable from local neuronal firing.

scholarly journals Dissociation of broadband high-frequency activity and neuronal firing in the neocortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Leszczynski ◽  
Annamaria Barczak ◽  
Yoshinao Kajikawa ◽  
Istvan Ulbert ◽  
Arnaud Falchier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Action Potential Firing ◽  
High Frequency Activity

Broadband High-frequency Activity (BHA; 70-150 Hz), also known as "high gamma," a key analytic signal in human intracranial recordings is often assumed to reflect local neural firing (multiunit activity; MUA). Accordingly, BHA has been used to study neuronal population responses in auditory (1,2), visual (3,4), language (5), mnemonic processes (6-9) and cognitive control (10,11). BHA is arguably the electrophysiological measure best correlated with the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal in fMRI (12-13). However, beyond the fact that BHA correlates with neuronal spiking (12, 14-16), the neuronal populations and physiological processes generating BHA are not precisely defined. Although critical for interpreting intracranial signals in human and non-human primates, the precise physiology of BHA remains unknown. Here, we show that BHA dissociates from MUA in primary visual and auditory cortex. Using laminar multielectrode data in monkeys, we found a bimodal distribution of stimulus-evoked BHA across depth of a cortical column: an early-deep, followed by a later-superficial layer response. Only, the early-deep layer BHA had a clear local MUA correlate, while the more prominent superficial layer BHA had a weak or undetectable MUA correlate. In many cases, particularly in V1 (70%), supragranular sites showed strong BHA in lieu of any detectable increase in MUA. Due to volume conduction, BHA from both the early-deep and the later-supragranular generators contribute to the field potential at the pial surface, though the contribution may be weighted towards the late-supragranular BHA. Our results demonstrate that the strongest generators of BHA are in the superficial cortical layers and show that the origins of BHA include a mixture of the neuronal action potential firing and dendritic processes separable from this firing. It is likely that the typically-recorded BHA signal emphasizes the latter processes to a greater extent than previously recognized.

scholarly journals Phase-tuned neuronal firing encodes human contextual representations for navigational goals

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Watrous ◽  
Jonathan Miller ◽  
Salman E Qasim ◽  
Itzhak Fried ◽  
Joshua Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Firing Rate ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Categorical Information ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Oscillation Detection ◽  
Intracranial Recordings

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that the phase of oscillations modulates neural activity representing categorical information using human intracranial recordings and high-frequency activity from local field potentials (Watrous et al., 2015b). We extend these findings here using human single-neuron recordings during a navigation task. We identify neurons in the medial temporal lobe with firing-rate modulations for specific navigational goals, as well as for navigational planning and goal arrival. Going beyond this work, using a novel oscillation detection algorithm, we identify phase-locked neural firing that encodes information about a person’s prospective navigational goal in the absence of firing rate changes. These results provide evidence for navigational planning and contextual accounts of human MTL function at the single-neuron level. More generally, our findings identify phase-coded neuronal firing as a component of the human neural code.

Dynamic Spectral Imaging: Online and Offline Functional Brain Mapping Using High-Frequency Activity [50–150 Hz] in SEEG

2018 ◽  
pp. 453-464
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Lachaux
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Intracranial Eeg ◽  
Cortical Dynamics ◽  
Functional Brain Mapping ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Eeg Recordings

At the end of the twentieth century, a handful of research groups discovered that neural processing leaves a characteristic signature in intracranial EEG recordings: an increase of power in a broad frequency range above 50 Hz, dubbed ‘high-gamma’ of high-frequency activity ([50–150 Hz]). Since then, intracranial EEG research on human cognition has focused primarily on high-gamma activity to reveal the large-scale cortical dynamics of most major cognitive functions, not only offline in well-controlled paradigms, but also online, while patients freely interact with their environment. This chapter introduces that approach, including its recent extension to task-induced neural activity suppressions and functional connectivity mapping, and its clinical application to minimize cognitive deficits induced by epilepsy surgery.

scholarly journals Dynamics of high-frequency synchronization during seizures

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (10) ◽  
pp. 2423-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giri P. Krishnan ◽  
Gregory Filatov ◽  
Maxim Bazhenov
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Extracellular Potassium ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Baseline Activity ◽  
High Frequency Activity

Pathological synchronization of neuronal firing is considered to be an inherent property of epileptic seizures. However, it remains unclear whether the synchrony increases for the high-frequency multiunit activity as well as for the local field potentials (LFPs). We present spatio-temporal analysis of synchronization during epileptiform activity using wide-band (up to 2,000 Hz) spectral analysis of multielectrode array recordings at up to 60 locations throughout the mouse hippocampus in vitro. Our study revealed a prominent structure of LFP profiles during epileptiform discharges, triggered by elevated extracellular potassium, with characteristic distribution of current sinks and sources with respect to anatomical structure. The cross-coherence of high-frequency activity (500–2,000 Hz) across channels was reduced during epileptic bursts compared with baseline activity and showed the opposite trend for lower frequencies. Furthermore, the magnitude of cross-coherence during epileptiform activity was dependent on distance: electrodes closer to the epileptic foci showed increased cross-coherence and electrodes further away showed reduced cross-coherence for high-frequency activity. These experimental observations were re-created and supported in a computational model. Our study suggests that different intrinsic and synaptic processes can mediate paroxysmal synchronization at low, medium, and high frequencies.

scholarly journals Cortical ripples provide the conditions for consolidation during NREM sleep in humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W Dickey ◽  
Ilya A Verzhbinsky ◽  
Xi Jiang ◽  
Burke Q Rosen ◽  
Sophie Kajfez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Spike Timing ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Human Cortex ◽  
Firing Patterns ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Intracranial Recordings

Hippocampal ripples index the reconstruction of spatiotemporal neuronal firing patterns essential for the consolidation of memories in the cortex during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. However, it is not known whether ripples are generated in the human cortex during sleep. Here, using human intracranial recordings, we show that ~70ms long ~80Hz ripples are ubiquitous in all regions of the cortex during NREM sleep as well as waking. During waking, cortical ripples occur on local high frequency activity peaks. During sleep, cortical ripples occur during spindles on the down-to-upstate transition, with unit-firing patterns consistent with generation by pyramidal-interneuron feedback. Cortical ripples mark the recurrence of spatiotemporal activity patterns from preceding waking, and they group co-firing within the window of spike-timing-dependent plasticity. Thus, cortical ripples guided by sequential sleep waves may facilitate memory consolidation during NREM sleep in humans.

scholarly journals Phase-tuned neuronal firing encodes human contextual representations for navigational goals

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Watrous ◽  
Jonathan Miller ◽  
Salman E Qasim ◽  
Itzhak Fried ◽  
Joshua Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Firing Rate ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Neural Firing ◽  
Categorical Information ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Oscillation Detection ◽  
Intracranial Recordings

We previously demonstrated that the phase of oscillations modulates neural activity representing categorical information using human intracranial recordings and high-frequency activity from local field potentials (Watrous et al., 2015b). We extend these findings here using human single-neuron recordings during a virtual navigation task. We identify neurons in the medial temporal lobe with firing-rate modulations for specific navigational goals, as well as for navigational planning and goal arrival. Going beyond this work, using a novel oscillation detection algorithm, we identify phase-locked neural firing that encodes information about a person’s prospective navigational goal in the absence of firing rate changes. These results provide evidence for navigational planning and contextual accounts of human MTL function at the single-neuron level. More generally, our findings identify phase-coded neuronal firing as a component of the human neural code.

scholarly journals Dissociation of Broadband High-Frequency Activity and Neuronal Firing in the Neocortex

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Leszczynski ◽  
Annamaria Barczak ◽  
Yoshinao Kajikawa ◽  
Istvan Ulbert ◽  
Arnaud Y. Falchier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
High Frequency Activity

scholarly journals Novel approach to modeling high-frequency activity data to assess therapeutic effects of analgesics in chronic pain conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekun Xu ◽  
Eric Laber ◽  
Ana-Maria Staicu ◽  
B. Duncan X. Lascelles
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
High Frequency Activity ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Chronic Pain Conditions

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition often associated with pain, affecting approximately fourteen percent of the population, and increasing in prevalence. A globally aging population have made treating OA-associated pain as well as maintaining mobility and activity a public health priority. OA affects all mammals, and the use of spontaneous animal models is one promising approach for improving translational pain research and the development of effective treatment strategies. Accelerometers are a common tool for collecting high-frequency activity data on animals to study the effects of treatment on pain related activity patterns. There has recently been increasing interest in their use to understand treatment effects in human pain conditions. However, activity patterns vary widely across subjects; furthermore, the effects of treatment may manifest in higher or lower activity counts or in subtler ways like changes in the frequency of certain types of activities. We use a zero inflated Poisson hidden semi-Markov model to characterize activity patterns and subsequently derive estimators of the treatment effect in terms of changes in activity levels or frequency of activity type. We demonstrate the application of our model, and its advance over traditional analysis methods, using data from a naturally occurring feline OA-associated pain model.

Alpha and broadband high‐frequency activity track task dynamics and predict performance in controlled decision‐making

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Haegens ◽  
Yagna J. Pathak ◽  
Elliot H. Smith ◽  
Charles B. Mikell ◽  
Garrett P. Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Frequency Activity

scholarly journals KCNQ/Kv7 Channel Regulation of Hippocampal Gamma-Frequency Firing in the Absence of Synaptic Transmission

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 3105-3112 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Piccinin ◽  
A. D. Randall ◽  
J. T. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Epileptiform Activity ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Population Spike ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Kv7 Channels ◽  
Population Spikes ◽  
Gamma Frequency

Synchronous neuronal firing can be induced in hippocampal slices in the absence of synaptic transmission by lowering extracellular Ca2+ and raising extracellular K+. However, the ionic mechanisms underlying this nonsynaptic synchronous firing are not well understood. In this study we have investigated the role of KCNQ /Kv7 channels in regulating this form of nonsynaptic bursting activity. Incubation of rat hippocampal slices in reduced (<0.2 mM) [Ca2+]o and increased (6.3 mM) [K+]o, blocked synaptic transmission, increased neuronal firing, and led to the development of spontaneous periodic nonsynaptic epileptiform activity. This activity was recorded extracellularly as large (4.7 ± 1.9 mV) depolarizing envelopes with superimposed high-frequency synchronous population spikes. These intraburst population spikes initially occurred at a high frequency (about 120 Hz), which decayed throughout the burst stabilizing in the gamma-frequency band (30–80 Hz). Further increasing [K+]o resulted in an increase in the interburst frequency without altering the intraburst population spike frequency. Application of retigabine (10 μM), a Kv7 channel modulator, completely abolished the bursts, in an XE-991–sensitive manner. Furthermore, application of the Kv7 channel blockers, linopirdine (10 μM) or XE-991 (10 μM) alone, abolished the gamma frequency, but not the higher-frequency population spike firing observed during low Ca2+/high K+ bursts. These data suggest that Kv7 channels are likely to play a role in the regulation of synchronous population firing activity.

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