Recruitment and Spreading of the C. elegans Dosage Compensation Complex Along X Chromosomes

Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 303 (5661) ◽  
pp. 1182-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Csankovszki
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Dosage Compensation Complex ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
C Elegans

SDC-3 coordinates the assembly of a dosage compensation complex on the nematode X chromosome

Development ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Davis ◽  
B.J. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Finger ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Protein Complex ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Zinc Finger Motifs ◽  
Specific Association

X chromosome expression in C. elegans is controlled by a chromosome-wide regulatory process called dosage compensation that specifically reduces by half the level of transcripts made from each hermaphrodite X chromosome. This process equalizes X expression between the sexes (XX hermaphrodites and XO males), despite their two-fold difference in X chromosome dose, and thereby prevents sex-specific lethality. Dosage compensation is achieved by a protein complex that associates with X in a sex-specific fashion to modulate gene expression. SDC-3, a protein that coordinately controls both sex determination and dosage compensation, activates dosage compensation by directing the dosage compensation protein complex to the hermaphrodite X chromosomes. We show that SDC-3 coordinates this assembly through its own sex-specific association with X. SDC-3 in turn requires other members of the dosage compensation gene hierarchy for its stability and its X localization. In addition, SDC-3 requires its own zinc finger motifs and an amino-terminal region for its X association. Our experiments suggest the possible involvement of zinc finger motifs in X chromosome recognition and the amino-terminal region in interactions with other dosage compensation proteins.

scholarly journals The C. elegans Dosage Compensation Complex Propagates Dynamically and Independently of X Chromosome Sequence

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 1777-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevinç Ercan ◽  
Lindsay L. Dick ◽  
Jason D. Lieb
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Dosage Compensation Complex ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Chromosome Sequence

scholarly journals GA-repeats on mammalian X chromosomes support Ohno’s hypothesis of dosage compensation by transcriptional upregulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edridge D’Souza ◽  
Elizaveta Hosage ◽  
Kathryn Weinand ◽  
Steve Gisselbrecht ◽  
Vicky Markstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Dosage Compensation Complex ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Repeat Sequences

ABSTRACTOver 50 years ago, Susumo Ohno proposed that dosage compensation in mammals would require upregulation of gene expression on the single active X chromosome, a mechanism which to date is best understood in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we report that the GA-repeat sequences that recruit the conserved MSL dosage compensation complex to the Drosophila X chromosome are also enriched across mammalian X chromosomes, providing genomic support for the Ohno hypothesis. We show that mammalian GA-repeats derive in part from transposable elements, suggesting a mechanism whereby unrelated X chromosomes from dipterans to mammals accumulate binding sites for the MSL dosage compensation complex through convergent evolution, driven by their propensity to accumulate transposable elements.

DPY-30, a nuclear protein essential early in embryogenesis for Caenorhabditis elegans dosage compensation

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 3323-3334 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Hsu ◽  
P.T. Chuang ◽  
B.J. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Protein ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Morphological Defects ◽  
Specific Association

DPY-30 is an essential component of the C. elegans dosage compensation machinery that reduces X chromosome transcript levels in hermaphrodites (XX). DPY-30 is required for the sex-specific association of DPY-27 (a chromosome condensation protein homolog) with the hermaphrodite X chromosomes. Loss of dpy-30 activity results in XX-specific lethality. We demonstrate that dpy-30 encodes a novel nuclear protein of 123 amino acids that is present in both hermaphrodites and males (XO) throughout development. DPY-30 itself is not associated with the X chromosomes, nor is its pattern of expression perturbed by mutations in the gene hierarchy that controls dosage compensation. Therefore, DPY-30 is a ubiquitous factor that is likely to promote the hermaphrodite-specific association of DPY-27 with X by affecting the activity of a sex-specific dosage compensation gene. In XO animals, DPY-30 is required for developmental processes other than dosage compensation: coordinated movement, normal body size, correct tail morphology and mating behavior. We demonstrate that rescue of both the XX-specific lethality and the XO-specific morphological defects caused by dpy-30 mutations can be achieved by inducing dpy-30 transcripts either in the mother or in the embryo through the end of gastrulation. dpy-30 appears to be cotranscribed in an operon with a novel RNA-binding protein.

scholarly journals A non-canonical role for the C. elegans dosage compensation complex in growth and metabolic regulation downstream of TOR complex 2

Development ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (17) ◽  
pp. 3601-3612 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Webster ◽  
L. Wu ◽  
D. Douglas ◽  
A. A. Soukas
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Dosage Compensation Complex ◽  
C Elegans

scholarly journals Clustered DNA motifs mark X chromosomes for repression by a dosage compensation complex

Nature ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 444 (7119) ◽  
pp. 614-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McDonel ◽  
Judith Jans ◽  
Brant K. Peterson ◽  
Barbara J. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Dosage Compensation Complex ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Dna Motifs
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