The Science of Resilience: Implications for the Prevention and Treatment of Depression

Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 338 (6103) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Southwick ◽  
Dennis S. Charney
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Human responses to stress and trauma vary widely. Some people develop trauma-related psychological disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression; others develop mild to moderate psychological symptoms that resolve rapidly; still others report no new psychological symptoms in response to traumatic stress. Individual variability in how animals and humans respond to stress and trauma depends on numerous genetic, developmental, cognitive, psychological, and neurobiological risk and protective factors.

Social Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Hofman ◽  
Austin M. Hahn ◽  
Christine K. Tirabassi ◽  
Raluca M. Gaher
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Exposure to traumatic events and the associated risk of developing Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is a significant and overlooked concern in the college population. It is important for current research to identify potential protective factors associated with the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms unique to this population. Emotional intelligence and perceived social support are two identified protective factors that influence the association between exposure to traumatic events and PTSD symptomology. The current study examined the mediating role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. Participants included 443 trauma-exposed university students who completed online questionnaires. The results of this study indicated that social support mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and reported PTSD symptoms. Thus, emotional intelligence is significantly associated with PTSD symptoms and social support may play an integral role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD. The current study is the first to investigate the role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. These findings have important treatment and prevention implications with regard to PTSD.

Paroxetine Treatment of Depression With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phebe Tucker ◽  
Katherine L. Beebe ◽  
Christie Burgin ◽  
Dorothy B. Wyatt ◽  
Don E. Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Paroxetine Treatment

scholarly journals Posttraumatic stress disorder: a serious post-earthquake complication

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mudassir Farooqui ◽  
Syed A. Quadri ◽  
Sajid S. Suriya ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ovais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Abstract Objectives Earthquakes are unpredictable and devastating natural disasters. They can cause massive destruction and loss of life and survivors may suffer psychological symptoms of severe intensity. Our goal in this article is to review studies published in the last 20 years to compile what is known about posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurring after earthquakes. The review also describes other psychiatric complications that can be associated with earthquakes, to provide readers with better overall understanding, and discusses several sociodemographic factors that can be associated with post-earthquake PTSD Method A search for literature was conducted on major databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO and in neurology and psychiatry journals, and many other medical journals. Terms used for electronic searches included, but were not limited to, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), posttraumatic symptoms, anxiety, depression, major depressive disorder, earthquake, and natural disaster. The relevant information was then utilized to determine the relationships between earthquakes and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Results It was found that PTSD is the most commonly occurring mental health condition among earthquake survivors. Major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, social phobia, and specific phobias were also listed. Conclusion The PTSD prevalence rate varied widely. It was dependent on multiple risk factors in target populations and also on the interval of time that had elapsed between the exposure to the deadly incident and measurement. Females seemed to be the most widely-affected group, while elderly people and young children exhibit considerable psychosocial impact.

Australian guidelines for the prevention and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Updates in the third edition

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110419
Author(s):  
Andrea J Phelps ◽  
Ros Lethbridge ◽  
Sue Brennan ◽  
Richard A Bryant ◽  
Penelope Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Online Format

Objective: This paper describes the development of the third edition of the National Health and Medical Research Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Stress Disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and Complex posttraumatic stress disorder, highlighting key changes in scope, methodology, format and treatment recommendations from the previous 2013 edition of the Guidelines. Method: Systematic review of the international research was undertaken, with GRADE methodology used to assess the certainty of the evidence, and evidence to decision frameworks used to generate recommendations. The Guidelines are presented in an online format using MAGICApp. Results: Key changes since the publication of the 2013 Guidelines include a new conditional recommendation for Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention for children and adolescents with symptoms within the first 3 months of trauma, and a strong recommendation for trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy for the child alone or with a caregiver, for those with diagnosed posttraumatic stress disorder. For adults with posttraumatic stress disorder, strong recommendations are made for specific types of trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy and conditional recommendations are made for five additional psychological interventions. Where medication is indicated for adults with posttraumatic stress disorder, venlafaxine is now conditionally recommended alongside sertraline, paroxetine or fluoxetine. Conclusion: These Guidelines, based on systematic review of the international literature, are intended to guide decision making for practitioners, service planners, funders and those seeking treatment for trauma related mental health concerns. For an Australian Guideline, a critical limitation is the absence of research on the treatment of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The new online format of the Australian posttraumatic stress disorder Guidelines means that they can be updated as sufficient new evidence becomes available.

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