scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Isavuconazole against Aspergillus Species and Zygomycetes According to the Methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Perkhofer ◽  
Veronika Lechner ◽  
Cornelia Lass-Flörl
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
European Committee

ABSTRACT We evaluated the MICs of isavuconazole (ISAV) against 96 isolates of Aspergillus species and 36 zygomycetes according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. In addition, the in vitro activity was obtained for hyphal inocula. ISAV exhibited good antifungal activity against the tested isolates with the exception of Aspergillus niger and Mucorales. The in vitro activity of ISAV was comparable to that of voriconazole aside from Mucorales.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of OPT-80 Tested against Clinical Isolates of Toxin-Producing Clostridium difficile

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 4163-4165 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Karlowsky ◽  
Nancy M. Laing ◽  
George G. Zhanel
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution

ABSTRACT Agar dilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing (CLSI, M11-A7, 2007) performed for 208 toxin-producing clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile resulted in OPT-80 MICs ranging from 0.06 to 1 μg/ml, with 90% of the isolates inhibited by a concentration of 0.5 μg/ml. The in vitro activity of OPT-80 was independent of the susceptibilities of isolates to nine other antimicrobial agents.

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Position Statements on Polymyxin B and Colistin Clinical Breakpoints

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Satlin ◽  
James S Lewis ◽  
Melvin P Weinstein ◽  
Jean Patel ◽  
Romney M Humphries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
European Committee ◽  
Clinical Breakpoints ◽  
State Concentration

Abstract Recent data on polymyxin pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicity, and clinical outcomes suggest these agents have limited clinical utility. Pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics data show a steady-state concentration of 2 μg/mL is required for killing bacteria with colistin minimum inhibitory concentrations of 2 μg/mL. Less than 50% of patients with normal renal function achieve this exposure, and it is associated with high risk of nephrotoxicity. This exposure does not achieve bacterial stasis in pneumonia models. Randomized and observational studies consistently demonstrate increased mortality for polymyxins compared with alternative agents. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) are 2 global organizations that establish interpretive criteria for in vitro susceptibility data. CLSI has recently taken the step to eliminate the “susceptible” interpretive category for the polymyxins, whereas EUCAST maintains this interpretive category. This viewpoint describes the opinions of these organizations and the data that were used to inform their perspectives.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Plazomicin Compared to Amikacin, Gentamicin, and Tobramycin against Multidrug-Resistant Aerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim A. Fleischmann ◽  
Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance ◽  
Robin Patel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
European Committee ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT The worldwide spread of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales is a serious threat to public health. Here, we compared the MICs of plazomicin, amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin against 303 multinational multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. We followed Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines and applied CLSI breakpoints as well as those of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) for amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin and of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for plazomicin. Overall, the highest percentage of susceptible isolates (80.2%) was demonstrated for plazomicin, which had the lowest MIC50 (1 μg/ml) of the aminoglycosides studied. Of the 42 isolates resistant to plazomicin, 34 had MICs of ≥128 μg/ml, with 33 of the 34 having MICs of >128 μg/ml for amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. Among the 42 blaNDM-positive isolates, 35.7% were plazomicin susceptible, with the percentage of isolates susceptible to amikacin being 38.1% or 35.7% when applying the CLSI or EUCAST breakpoint, respectively. The 20 blaOXA-48-like-positive isolates showed 50.0% susceptibility to plazomicin. Among 35 isolates with blaCTX-M as their only characterized resistance mechanism, 68.6% were plazomicin susceptible, while the percentage susceptible to amikacin was 74.3% or 62.9% when applying the CLSI or EUCAST breakpoint, respectively. Among the 117 blaKPC-positive isolates, 94.9% were susceptible to plazomicin, whereas when the CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints were applied, 43.6% and 25.6%, respectively, were susceptible to amikacin; 56.4% and 44.4%, respectively, were susceptible to gentamicin; and 5.1% and 4.3%, respectively, were susceptible to tobramycin.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Qatar

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 3497-3504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazen A Sid Ahmed ◽  
Hamad Abdel Hadi ◽  
Abubaker A I Hassan ◽  
Sulieman Abu Jarir ◽  
Muna A Al-Maslamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Test Strips

Abstract Objectives To investigate the in vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against clinical isolates of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Qatar, as well as the mechanisms of resistance. Methods MDR P. aeruginosa isolated between October 2014 and September 2015 from all public hospitals in Qatar were included. The BD PhoenixTM system was used for identification and initial antimicrobial susceptibility testing, while Liofilchem MIC Test Strips (Liofilchem, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy) were used for confirmation of ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam susceptibility. Ten ceftazidime/avibactam- and/or ceftolozane/tazobactam-resistant isolates were randomly selected for WGS. Results A total of 205 MDR P. aeruginosa isolates were included. Of these, 141 (68.8%) were susceptible to ceftazidime/avibactam, 129 (62.9%) were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam, 121 (59.0%) were susceptible to both and 56 (27.3%) were susceptible to neither. Twenty (9.8%) isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime/avibactam but not to ceftolozane/tazobactam and only 8 (3.9%) were susceptible to ceftolozane/tazobactam but not to ceftazidime/avibactam. Less than 50% of XDR isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime/avibactam or ceftolozane/tazobactam. The 10 sequenced isolates belonged to six different STs and all produced AmpC and OXA enzymes; 5 (50%) produced ESBL and 4 (40%) produced VIM enzymes. Conclusions MDR P. aeruginosa susceptibility rates to ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam were higher than those to all existing antipseudomonal agents, except colistin, but were less than 50% in extremely resistant isolates. Non-susceptibility to ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam was largely due to the production of ESBL and VIM enzymes. Ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam are possible options for some patients with MDR P. aeruginosa in Qatar.

In vitro activity of dalbavancin and other anti-staphylococcal agents against infecting isolates of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Plota ◽  
Matthaios Papadimitriou-Olivgeris ◽  
Fevronia Kolonitsiou ◽  
Ekaterini Tsiata ◽  
Iris Spiliopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
European Committee

Introduction. Dalbavancin was approved in Europe in 2015 for skin and soft tissue infections. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Data on methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CNS) dalbavancin susceptibility are scarce. Aim. To assess the susceptibility of MR-CNS to dalbavancin and other anti-staphylococcal agents. Methodology. A total of 443 MR-CNS clinical isolates from patients hospitalized in a Greek university hospital during a 2.5-year period (January 2018 to June 2020) were included. The MICs for vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid and daptomycin were investigated by Etest and the MIC for dalbavancin was determined according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines in 196 isolates. The consumption of the aforementioned antimicrobials was calculated. Results. In total, 51 isolates were resistant to teicoplanin (11.5 %) and 211 (47.6 %) to linezolid; all were susceptible to vancomycin and daptomycin. Among 196 isolates tested, 32 (16.3 %) were resistant to dalbavancin. A significant increase of MIC during the study period was found for vancomycin, teicoplanin and daptomycin, while a decrease in linezolid’s MIC was observed. Dalbavancin’s MIC remained stable. No difference in consumption was observed among the studied anti-staphylococcal agents. Conclusion. An increase of vancomycin, teicoplanin and daptomycin MICs among MR-CNS was observed, whereas 47.6 % of isolates were non-susceptible to linezolid. Dalbavancin retains excellent potency against MR-CNS, even in the presence of non-susceptibility to other anti-staphylococcal antibiotics.

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