scholarly journals In vitro activity of the tricyclic beta-lactam GV104326.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1248-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Wise ◽  
J M Andrews ◽  
N Brenwald
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Acinetobacter Calcoaceticus ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group A ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

GV104326 is a novel tricyclic beta-lactam (a trinem or, formerly, tribactam). The in vitro activity of GV104326 was compared with those of cefuroxime, cefixime, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefpirome, and ciprofloxacin. GV104326 had in vitro activity generally similar to that of cefixime against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited [MIC90], < or = 2 micrograms/ml), with cefuroxime and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid being 8- to 32-fold less active and with cefpirome being 4- to 8-fold more active against members of this family. The trinem had no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (MIC90, > 128 micrograms/ml) but was the most active agent against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. GV104326 was particularly active against gram-positive cocci. Ninety percent of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains were susceptible to 0.03 microgram of GV104326 per ml, making it the most active agent studied. Enterococci and Lancefield group A and B streptococci were generally equally or somewhat more susceptible to GV104326 than they were to amoxicillin. Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were highly susceptible to GV104326, and those strains which showed decreased susceptibility to penicillin were generally twofold more susceptible to the trinem than to amoxicillin. Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis were highly susceptible to GV104326 (MIC90s, 0.12 and 0.03 microgram/ml, respectively). The anaerobes Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides fragilis, and Peptostreptococcus spp. were more susceptible to the trinems (formerly tribactams) than to the other agents studied.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Moxifloxacin against Bacteria Isolated from Odontogenic Abscesses

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 4019-4021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Sobottka ◽  
Georg Cachovan ◽  
Enno Stürenburg ◽  
M. Oliver Ahlers ◽  
Rainer Laufs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

ABSTRACT We evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 87 pathogens isolated from 37 patients with odontogenic abscesses. The most prevalent bacteria were viridans group streptococci and Prevotella species. Considering all bacterial isolates, 100% were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 98% were susceptible to moxifloxacin and to levofloxacin, 76% were susceptible to doxycycline, 75% were susceptible to clindamycin, and 69% were susceptible to penicillin.

scholarly journals In vitro activity of BAY 12-8039, a new fluoroquinolone.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Woodcock ◽  
J M Andrews ◽  
F J Boswell ◽  
N P Brenwald ◽  
R Wise
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
The Family ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

The in vitro activity of BAY 12-8039, a new fluoroquinolone, was studied in comparison with those of ciprofloxacin, trovafloxacin (CP 99,219), cefpodoxime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate against gram-negative, gram-positive, and anaerobic bacteria. Its activity against mycobacteria and chlamydia was also investigated. BAY 12-8039 was active against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (MIC at which 90% of strains tested were inhibited [MIC90S] < or = 1 microgram/ml, except for Serratia spp. MIC90 2 microgram/ml), Neisseria spp. (MIC90S, 0.015 microgram/ml), Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90, 0.03 microgram/ml), and Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC90, 0.12 micrgram/ml), and these results were comparable to those obtained for ciprofloxacin and trovafloxacin. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the quinolones were more active than the beta-lactam agents but BAY 12-8039 was less active than ciprofloxacin. Strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were fourfold more susceptible to BAY 12-8039 and trovafloxacin (MIC90S, 2 micrograms/ml) than to ciprofloxacin. BAY 12-8039 was as active as trovafloxacin but more active than ciprofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC90, 0.25 microgram/ml) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus auerus (MIC90S, 0.12 micrograms/ml). The activity of BAY 12-8039 against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MIC90, 2 micrograms/ml) was lower than that against methicillin-susceptible strains. BAY 12-8039 was active against anaerobes (MIC90S < or = 2 micrograms/ml), being three- to fourfold more active against Bacteroides fragilis, Prevotella spp., and Clostridium difficile than was ciprofloxacin. Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, BAY 12-8039 exhibited activity comparable to that of rifampin (MICs < or = 0.5 micrograms/ml). Against Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae BAY 12-8039 was more active (MICs < or = 0.12 microgram/ml) than either ciprofloxacin or erythromycin and exhibited a greater lethal effect than either to these two agents. The protein binding of BAY 12-8039 was determined at 1 and 5 micrograms/ml as 30 and 26.4%, respectively. The presence of human serum (at 20 or 70%) had no marked effect on the in vitro activity of BAY 12-8039.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli to 12 beta-lactam agents and combinations with beta-lactamase inhibitors.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1924-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Tajada ◽  
J L Gomez-Graces ◽  
J I Alós ◽  
D Balas ◽  
R Cogollos
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactams ◽  
Thermophilic Campylobacter ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The in vitro activities of 12 beta-lactam agents against 100 thermophilic Campylobacter strains were tested. Beta-Lactamase production was detected in 88% of all strains tested. Clavulanic acid was the best inhibitor by susceptibility testing. The beta-lactams which displayed high levels of in vitro activity against Campylobacter isolates were imipenem, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and cefepime and, to a lesser degree, amoxicillin, ampicillin, and cefotaxime.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of PNU-100766 (Linezolid), a New Oxazolidinone Antimicrobial, against Nocardia brasiliensis

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3629-3630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Vera-Cabrera ◽  
Alejandra Gómez-Flores ◽  
Wendy G. Escalante-Fuentes ◽  
Oliverio Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Nocardia Brasiliensis ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of a novel oxazolidinone, linezolid, was studied by comparing the activity of linezolid with those of amikacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid against 25 strains of Nocardia brasiliensis isolated from patients with mycetoma. All N. brasiliensis strains tested were sensitive to linezolid (MIC at which 90% of strains are inhibited [MIC90], 2 μg/ml; MIC50, 1 μg/ml). This antimicrobial might constitute a good alternative for treatment of actinomycetoma.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Ampicillin-Sulbactam and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid against Acinetobacter baumannii

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 3415-3416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Pandey ◽  
Arti Kapil ◽  
Seema Sood ◽  
Vikas Goel ◽  
Bimal Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

In vitro susceptibility patterns of newer β-lactamase-inhibiting antibiotics ampicillin-sulbactam (A/S) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (A/C) for 100 consecutive isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii obtained from various clinical samples were studied. The A/C MIC for 86% of the strains was more than 16/8 μg/ml, whereas there was an A/S MIC of more than 16/8 μg/ml for only 38% of the strains. This showed that A/S has significantly superior in vitro activity compared to A/C against A. baumannii, although, theoretically, both should have similar activities. The therapeutic superiority of A/S over A/C needs to be studied, or else the breakpoints for these agents in in vitro tests need to be redefined.

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