scholarly journals Susceptibility of Chlamydia trachomatisto Chlorhexidine Gluconate Gel

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1726-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Lampe ◽  
L. M. Ballweber ◽  
W. E. Stamm
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Topical Antimicrobial ◽  
Female Genital

ABSTRACT To identify topical antimicrobial preparations which may be effective in preventing the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, we examined the activity of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) against Chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydial elementary bodies were incubated with dilutions of CHG gel for various times from 0 to 120 min. An aliquot of each dilution was further diluted and was inoculated onto McCoy cell monolayers in individual wells in a 96-well microtiter plate. The cultures were incubated for 48 h, and the chlamydial inclusions were stained and counted. CHG gel diluted fourfold (0.0625% CHG) killed C. trachomatis serovar D, and CHG gel diluted eightfold (0.0313% CHG) killed serovar F immediately upon exposure. CHG gel diluted 16-fold (0.0156% CHG) killed serovar D, and CHG gel diluted 32-fold (0.0078% CHG) killed serovar F after 120 min of exposure. Alteration of the pH over the range of from 4 to 8 did not significantly affect its activity. The addition of 10% whole human blood decreased the CHG gel activity at 0 min but had no significant effect after 120 min of exposure. We conclude that CHG gel may be effective topically against C. trachomatis at concentrations that can be used and under conditions that are found in the female genital tract and that further studies of its antimicrobial efficacy and toxicity in vivo are warranted.

scholarly journals Effects of Yeast and Bacterial Commensals and Pathogens of the Female Genital Tract on the Transepithelial Electrical Resistance of HeLa Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Tsata ◽  
Aristea Velegraki ◽  
Anastasios Ioannidis ◽  
Cornelia Poulopoulou ◽  
Pantelis Bagos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Transepithelial Electrical Resistance ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Selective Effect ◽  
Cell Monolayers ◽  
Female Genital

Commensals of the human body can shift to a pathogenic phase when the host immune system is impaired. This study aims to investigate the effect of seven yeast and two bacterial commensals and opportunistic pathogens isolated from blood and the female genital tract on the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of human cervical epithelial cell cultures (HeLa). The pathogensCandida tropicalis,C. parapsilosis,C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. albicansandSaccharomyces cerevisiae, caused a significant decrease in TER as compared to the controls;Lactobacillusspp caused a significant increase in TERversusthe controls andEscherichia colihad no effect on the TER of the cell monolayers. The above data show thatCandidaspp.,S. cerevisiaeandLactobacillusspp. have a non-selective effect on the TER of HeLa cell monolayers. These results are consistent with thein vivonon-selective action of these microorganisms on the various human mucosal epithelia.

Self Sampling as Part of Screening for Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Clinic Attenders. A Preliminary Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Markos ◽  
A A H Wade ◽  
M Walzman ◽  
M Shahmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Sex Industry ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Genitourinary Medicine ◽  
Female Genital

Self sampling of the secretions of the female genital tract for microbiological investigations for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis was assessed in female attenders of the genitourinary medicine clinic in Coventry and Warwickshire Hospital. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the possibility of offering this method of investigation to workers in the sex industry, who are reluctant to attend GUM Clinics. This Pilot Study aimed at assessing the feasibility and acceptability of self sampling of the secretions of the lower genital tract by female patients and its reliability in the detection of sexually transmitted infections. The analysis of the data from 75 participants, indicated that 7 infections were detected on patient sampling as compared to 11 on samples taken by a physician. Self sampling may prove a valuable alternative for the sex industry workers who are reluctant to attend GUM clinics.

Spectral variations of laser-induced tissue emission during in vivo detection of malignancies in the female genital tract

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenios Koumantakis ◽  
Alexios Vasileiou ◽  
Antonios Makrigiannakis ◽  
Eberhard Unsöld ◽  
Theodore G. Papazoglou
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Immune Pathogenesis of Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Female Genital Tract

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Witkin
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Female Genital

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections of the female genital tract, although frequently asymptomatic, are a major cause of fallopian-tube occlusion and infertility. Early stage pregnancy loss may also be due to an unsuspected and undetected CT infection. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that this organism can persist in the female genital tract in a form undetectable by culture. The mechanism of tubal damage as well as the rejection of an embryo may involve an initial immune sensitization to the CT 60 kD heat shock protein (HSP), followed by a reactivation of HSP-sensitized lymphocytes in response to the human HSP and the subsequent release of inflammatory cytokines. The periodic induction of human HSP expression by various microorganisms or by noninfectious mechanisms in the fallopian tubes of women sensitized to the CT HSP may eventually result in tubal scarring and occlusion. Similarly, an immune response to human HSP expression during the early stages of pregnancy may interfere with the immune regulatory mechanisms required for the maintenance of a semiallogeneic embryo.

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